六星黑点豹蠹蛾性信息素活性成分的提取和初步鉴定

[目的]初步鉴定六星黑点豹蠹蛾Zeuzera leuconotum Butler (Lepidoptera,Cossidae)雌蛾性信息素活性成分.[方法]采用正己烷溶剂浸提法提取六星黑点豹蠹蛾性信息素腺体中的化学组分,利用毛细管气相色谱(GC)和气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术分析性腺提取物,并运用触角电位技术(EAG)测定提取物及标准化合物的电生理活性.[结果]GC结果显示六星黑点豹蠹蛾性腺体提取物中主要存在7种成分,其中G组分在加入标准化合物反-2-顺-13-十八碳烯醇-1-乙酸酯(E2,Z13-18:Ac)后,峰高和峰面积均相应增加.GC-MS分析结果证明G组分为E2,Z13-18:A.EAG结果显示7种组分均能引起雄蛾触角电位反应,其中对E2Z13-18:Ac的反应值最大.[结论]本研究初步鉴定出E2,Z13-18:Ac是六星黑点豹蠹蛾的性信息主要组分,为使用性信息素防治六星黑点豹蠹蛾奠定了基础.     

白斑综合征病毒囊膜蛋白在对虾免疫保护应用中的研究进展

白斑综合征自上世纪90年代初在水产养殖业中爆发以来,其病原体白斑综合征病毒的研究一直在深入开展,特别是WSSV结构蛋白的功能学研究尤为广泛,其主要方向集中在病毒囊膜蛋白对虾体的免疫保护上,并取得了显著的保护效果。从利用病毒囊膜蛋白作为亚单位疫苗免疫虾体、利用囊膜蛋白对应抗体保护虾体、构建囊膜蛋白基因核酸疫苗和利用RNAi干扰技术保护虾体等四个方面,对当前WSSV囊膜蛋白在对虾免疫保护中的应用进行了概述,并对其应用前景作一展望,旨在为及早开发出有效防治白斑综合征疾病的技术途径提供借鉴参考。     

阿司匹林对癫痫大鼠海马苔藓纤维芽生的影响

目的：探讨阿司匹林对癫痫大鼠海马齿状回苔藓纤维芽生的影响。方法：应用氯化锂-匹罗卡品诱导癫痫大鼠模型,将大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组和阿司匹林（20mg/kg,i.p.1/d）干预组（造模终止后干预组以开始干预时间点的不同分为0h,3h和24 h三组）。20天后,通过Timm染色观察不同时间点阿司匹林干预后癫痫大鼠海马齿状回苔藓纤维芽生的情况。结果：与正常对照组相比,癫痫大鼠海马齿状回有明显的苔藓纤维芽生（P〈0.05）。阿司匹林0h干预组海马齿状回苔藓纤维芽生减少不明显（P〉0.05）,3h干预组和24h干预组海马齿状回苔藓纤维芽生明显的减少（P〈0.05）;3 h干预组和24 h干预组相比海马齿状回苔藓纤维芽生无明显的差异（P〉0.05）。结论：合适的时间窗给予阿司匹林能够明显减少苔藓纤维芽生。这对癫痫的临床治疗有一定的指导意义。     

昆仑雪菊提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用

目的：探讨昆仑雪菊提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性。方法：将昆仑雪菊干燥花序粉碎,分别用水提法和乙醇法制备5种提取物。采用α-葡萄糖苷酶体外活性抑制模型,测定昆仑雪菊的5种提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性。结果：这5种提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性有较强的抑制作用,抑制活性均高于阿卡波糖。其中提取物Ⅰ的抑制活性最强,IC50=28.2 mg/L。结论：昆仑雪菊提取物具有较高的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,提示昆仑雪菊在抗糖尿病产品开发方面具有很好的应用前景。     

基于钙黄绿素-铜（Ⅱ）荧光体系测定乙酰半胱氨酸

目的：基于钙黄绿素-铜（Ⅱ）荧光体系测定乙酰半胱氨酸。方法：在pH=8.0的Na2HPO.412H2O-KH2PO4缓冲液中,以492 nm为激发波长,520 nm为发射波长测定乙酰半胱氨酸溶液的荧光强度。结果：在pH=8.0的Na2HPO.412H2O-KH2PO4缓冲液中,二价铜离子与钙黄绿素配位引起荧光猝灭。由于乙酰半胱氨酸中巯基上的硫离子与Cu2＋的亲和力很强,可从钙黄绿素-铜（Ⅱ）的络合物中夺取铜离子而使钙黄绿素游离出来,从而使体系的荧光得以恢复,并且荧光恢复的程度与加入乙酰半胱氨酸的量在一定范围内成线性。结论：建立了一种测定乙酰半胱氨酸的荧光分析新方法,该方法的线性范围为6.0 10-6～1.4 10-5 mol/L,检出限为4.010-6 mol/L。     

阿司匹林对癫痫大鼠海马苔藓纤维芽生的影响

目的:探讨阿司匹林对癫痫大鼠海马齿状回苔藓纤维芽生的影响。方法:应用氯化锂-匹罗卡品诱导癫痫大鼠模型,将大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组和阿司匹林(20mg/kg,i.p.1/d)干预组(造模终止后干预组以开始干预时间点的不同分为0h,3h和24 h三组)。20天后,通过Timm染色观察不同时间点阿司匹林干预后癫痫大鼠海马齿状回苔藓纤维芽生的情况。结果:与正常对照组相比,癫痫大鼠海马齿状回有明显的苔藓纤维芽生(P<0.05)。阿司匹林0h干预组海马齿状回苔藓纤维芽生减少不明显(P>0.05),3h干预组和24h干预组海马齿状回苔藓纤维芽生明显的减少(P<0.05);3 h干预组和24 h干预组相比海马齿状回苔藓纤维芽生无明显的差异(P>0.05)。结论:合适的时间窗给予阿司匹林能够明显减少苔藓纤维芽生。这对癫痫的临床治疗有一定的指导意义。     

Molecular characterization and expression analysis of fat mass and obesity-associated gene in rabbit

Fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene codes for a nuclear protein of the AlkB related nonhaem iron and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent oxygenase superfamily, and is involved in animal fat deposition and human obesity. In this work, the molecular characterization and expression features of rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) FTO cDNA were analysed. The rabbit FTO cDNA with a size of 2158 bp was cloned, including 1515 bp of the open reading frame that encoded a basic protein of 504 amino acids. Homologous comparison indicated that the rabbit FTO shared 36.36–91.88% identity with those from other species and phylogenetic analysis showed that the rabbit FTO is closely related to human, but more distantly related to zebrafish. The New Zealand rabbit FTO mRNA was detected in all tissues examined, with the highest levels found in the spleen and the lowest found in the kidney. However, no significant differences were seen in cerebellum, corpora quadrigemina, medulla oblongata and cerebral cortex of commercial adult rabbits. Moreover, mRNA levels of FTO in liver tissues were significantly increased in lactating New Zealand rabbits compared with 70-day-old, 90-day-old and gestating rabbits (P?<?0.05). In contrast, FTO mRNA levels were significantly lower in longissimus dorsi muscle of 90-day-old New Zealand rabbits than in 70-day-old rabbits (P?<?0.05). However, the expression levels of FTO in mammary gland and ovary of gestating and lactating rabbits were not significantly different (P?>?0.05).     

Genetic analysis and location of gene for resistance to stripe rust in wheat international differential host Strubes Dickkopf

Strubes Dickkopf is the sixth differential in the world set for wheat stripe (yellow) rust. It is very important to clarify its genetic character of resistance to stripe rust and to develop the molecular markers linked to resistance genes. The NIL Taichung 29*6/Strubes Dickkopf, which was obtained by Strubes Dickkopf as the gene donor and Taichung 29 as the genetic background through backcross breeding, was crossed with the recurrent parent Taichung 29, inbred, and backcrossed to obtain the F₁, F₂ and BC₁ population. The genetic analysis of the cross Taichung 29/(Taichung 29*6/Strubes Dickkopf) was assessed by inoculating the rust race CYR26 at seedling stage. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and F₂ segregation analysis were used for detecting polymorphic primers to locate the gene. The resistance of the NIL Taichung 29*6/Strubes Dickkopf to CYR26 was controlled by a single dominant gene, named YrSD. The primer pair Xbarc59 on 5B was linked to YrSD and the genetic distance between Xbarc59 and YrSD was 2.4 cM. The molecular marker Xbarc59 closely linked to the gene YrSD could be used in marker-assisted selection for resistance to stripe rust in wheat breeding programmes.     

植物侧根发育的研究进展

侧根是植物根系的重要组成部分,其发生和发育受到内源植物激素和外界环境因素的共同影响。生长素在侧根发生起始、侧根原基的发育和侧根突破母体表皮等阶段均发挥关键作用。研究侧根的发育和形态解剖结构以及信号调控途径等,都具有重要的理论和实践意义。本文结合近年来的研究进展,综述了拟南芥和水稻侧根发育的详细过程和影响因素,重点关注生长素在侧根原基发生和发育过程中的作用。