Isolation of Yersinia enterocolitica from the faeces of diarrhoeic swine

In April and May 1983, a total of 124 samples of faeces from 124 swine was examined for the presence of Yersinia enterocolitica by a variety of isolation procedures. The organisms were recovered from 48˙4% of the swine, which all had diarrhoea. The strain belonged to serotypes 0: 3 and 0: 9 which are considered to be pathogenic for humans.     

季节及人工低温对大蟾蜍肌组织ATP酶的影响研究

本文研究了大蟾蜍心肌和腓肠肌肌球蛋白钙激活ATP酶的活性。实验结果显示,大蟾蜍心肌和腓肠肌肌球蛋白钙激话ATP酶活性具有不同的季节变化规律。并且这种酶活性的季节变化不受人工低温环境因素的影响。此外,大蜍蟾心肌中ATP酶的活性始终高于腓肠肌的。上述酶活性的变化均具有一定的生理意义。     

Integrated Genetic Map of Anopheles Gambiae: Use of Rapd Polymorphisms for Genetic, Cytogenetic and Sts Landmarks

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers have been integrated in the genetic and cytogenetic maps of the malaria vector mosquito, Anopheles gambiae. Fifteen of these markers were mapped by recombination, relative to microsatellite markers that had been mapped previously. Thirty-four gel-purified RAPD bands were cloned and sequenced, generating sequence tagged sites (STSs) that can be used as entry points to the A. gambiae genome. Thirty one of these STSs were localized on nurse cell polytene chromosomes through their unique hybridization signal in in situ hybridization experiments. Five STSs map close to the breakpoints of polymorphic inversions, which are notable features of the Anopheles genome. The usefulness and limitations of this integrated mosquito map are discussed.     

RFLP mapping of QTLs for yield and related characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Quantitative triat loci (QTLs) for yield and related traits in rice were mapped based on RFLP maps from two indica/indica F₂ populations, Tesanai 2/CB and Waiyin 2/CB. In Tesanai 2/CB, 14 intervals carrying QTLs for eight traits were detected, including 3 for grain weight per plant (GWT), 2 for number of panicles per plant (NP), 2 for number of grains per panicle (NG), 1 for total number of spikelets per panicle (TNS), 1 for spikelet fertility (SF), 3 for 1000-grain weight (TGWT), 1 for spikelet density (SD), and 1 for number of first branches per main panicle. The 3 QTLs for GWT were located on chromosomes 1, 2, and 4, with 1 in each chromosome. The additive effect of the single locus ranged from 2.0 g to 9.1 g. A major gene (np4) for NP was detected on chromosome 4 within the interval of RG143–RG214, about 4cM for RG143, and this locus explained 26.1% of the observed phenotypic variance for NP. The paternal allele of this locus was responsible for reduced panicles per plant (3 panicles per plant). In another population, Waiyin 2/CB, 12 intervals containing QTLs for six of the above-mentioned traits were detected, including 3 for GWT, 2 for each of NP, TNS, TGWT and SD, 1 for SF. Three QTLs for GWT were located on chromosome 1, 4, and 5, respectively. The additive effect of the single locus for GWT ranged from 6.7 g to 8.8 g, while the dominance effect was 1.7–11.5 g. QTL mapping in two populations with a common male parent is compared and discussed.     

The LIM domain-containing Dbm1 GTPase-activating protein is required for normal cellular morphogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Normal cell growth in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves the selection of genetically determined bud sites where most growth is localized. Previous studies have shown that BEM2, which encodes a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) that is specific for the Rho-type GTPase Rho1p in vitro, is required for proper bud site selection and bud emergence. We show here that DBM1, which encodes another putative Rho-type GAP with two tandemly arranged cysteine-rich LIM domains, also is needed for proper bud site selection, as haploid cells lacking Dbm1p bud predominantly in a bipolar, rather than the normal axial, manner. Furthermore, yeast cells lacking both Bem2p and Dbm1p are inviable. The nonaxial budding defect of dbm1 mutants can be rescued partially by overproduction of Bem3p and is exacerbated by its absence. Since Bem3p has previously been shown to function as a GAP for Cdc42p, and also less efficiently for Rho1p, our results suggest that Dbm1p, like Bem2p and Bem3p, may function in vivo as a GAP for Cdc42p and/or Rho1p. Both LIM domains of Dbm1p are essential for its normal function. Point mutations that alter single conserved cysteine residues within either LIM domain result in mutant forms of Dbm1p that can no longer function in bud site selection but instead are capable of rescuing the inviability of bem2 mutants at 35 degrees C.     

中国直背蝗属一新种（直翅目：蝗科）

本文记述采自吉林省长白山蝗虫一新种,黄股直背蝗,新种Ｅｕｔｈｙｓｔｉｒａｌｕｔｅｉｆｅｍｏｒａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。该新种近似短翅直背蝗Ｅｕｔｈｙｓｔｉｒａｂｒａｃｈｙｐｔｅｒａ（Ｏｃｓｋ．）。     

长江三峡库区种子植物的中国特有分布

报道了分布于长江三峡库区的中国种子植物特有属及特有植物在库区的水平与垂直分布概况,对库区的特有分布的特点也进行了简要的分析和探讨。     

腺苷转运体亲和层析分离

本文合成了一种腺苷亲和层析凝胶,并采用亲和层析法从牛脑细胞膜上分离出了几种膜上结合的腺苷结合蛋白质。这些蛋白质在ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳凝胶上为单一或主要的蛋白带,分子量分别为６４ｋｄ,４５ｋｄ,３５ｋｄ。腺苷转运体抑制剂潘生丁和ＮＢＭＰＲ对６４ｋｄ蛋白与＾３ｈ－腺苷的结合抑制作用远强于腺苷受体的激动剂ＮＥＣＡ和Ｒ－ＰＩＡ;这表明６４ｋｄ蛋白为牛脑细胞膜上结合的腺苷转运体。     

岩豆凝集素的圆二色性与生物学活性关系的研究

岩豆凝集素（ＭＤＬ）的远紫外圆二色性谱（ＣＤ谱）显示２１６－２１７ｎｍ处的单一负峰。此时ＭＤＬ分子含有１６．２％的α螺旋,４６．３％的β折叠和３７．５％的无规卷曲。ｐＨ９．０时负峰红移至２２０ｎｍ,且在２１７－２２２ｎｍ处的峰值几乎相同;在２０－４０℃范围内,ＣＤ谱的变化甚微;６０℃时谱峰蓝移;在８０℃或１００℃时,２１２ｎｍ处出现一大负峰。１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ或２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ脲时,ＭＤＬ的ＣＤ谱已发生明显变化,二级结构单元也有变化,凝集兔红细胞的活性也随之减弱;随脲浓度的增加,ＭＤＬ的谱峰蓝移,最终在２１２ｎｍ处出现大负峰。当胍浓度为０．７５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时,ＭＤＬ的ＣＤ谱即有明显变化和活性丧失;胍浓度继续增加,ＣＤ谱逐渐成为特征的无规卷曲的谱形。在ｐＨ９．０、温度超过８０℃、脲或胍浓度分别高于２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和０．７５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时,ＭＤＬ的ＣＤ谱发生显著变化的同时,其凝集兔红细胞的生物学活性全部丧失,分子的二级结构单元也发生很大改变。     

Human Epidermal Melanocyte and Keratinocyte Melanocortin Receptors: Visualization by Melanotropic Peptide Conjugated Microspheres (Latex Beads)

The objectives of this research were to determine whether melanocortin receptors are characteristic (constant) membrane markers of human epidermal melanocytes. Methodologies were developed to visualize melanotropin receptors by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Multiple copies (up to a hundred) of [Nle⁴,D-Phe⁷]α-MSH, a superpotent analog of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), were conjugated to a macromo-lecular carrier (latex beads: microspheres). Incubation in the presence of the melanotropin-conjugated microspheres resulted in binding of human normal epidermal melanocytes to the beads. Almost every (possibly all) melanocyte possesses melanocortin receptors as visualized by SEM. Specificity of binding of the macromolecular conjugate was demonstrated by several studies: 1) Binding of melanocytes to the microspheres was specific since it could be blocked by prior incubation of the cells in the presence of the unconjugated hormone analog; 2) microspheres lacking bound ligand did not bind to the melanocytes; 3) micro-spheres that were first treated with reducing agents (e.g., dithiothreitol) did not subsequently bind to melanocytes; 4) another peptide hormone ligand (e.g., a substance-P analog) attached to the latex beads failed to bind to the cells; 5) B16/F10 mouse melanoma cells known to express melanocortin receptors bound to the microspheres; and 6) cells of nonmelanocyte origin (e.g., mammary cancer cells, small-cell lung cancer cells, fibroblasts) did not bind to the macromolecular conjugate. One exception was that human epidermal keratinocytes also expressed melanocortin receptors as determined by all the criteria established above for epidermal melanocytes. Thus, cell specific melanocortin receptors appear to be characteristic cell surface markers of epidermal melanocytes and keratinocytes.