A New Species of the Genus Leptolalax(Anura: Megophryidae) from Northern Thailand

A new species of the genus Leptolalax is described from Doi Saket, Chiang Mai Province, northern Thailand. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters: 1) adult size large(male SVL 45.8-52.5 mm); 2) tympanum distinct; 3) skin of dorsal surface mostly smooth, with distinct tubercles on dorsal and lateral parts of the body; 4) ventrolateral glandular ridge distinct and complete; 5) lateral body and groin covered with dark brown or black spots; 6) throat, chest, and belly nearly immaculate white; and 7) bi-colored iris, upper onethird golden, and lower two-thirds gray. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial 16S rRNA further distinguishes it from its congeners for which sequences are available.     

4种中草药及其复方抗马拉色菌体的外药敏实验

目的观察苦参、当归、侧柏叶和白鲜皮及观察苦参、当归、侧柏叶和白鲜皮、混合药液与主要有效成分对4株CBS马拉色菌标准株的体外抑菌效果。方法通过液基稀释法,用含橄榄油的液体培养基测定各药液对马拉色菌的抑制作用。结果最小抑菌浓度（MIC）由小到大排列分别为：白鲜碱、苦参碱、苦参、侧柏叶、氧化苦参碱、侧柏叶＋当归（二仙丸）、混合药液（侧柏叶＋当归＋苦参＋白鲜皮）、白鲜皮、二仙丸＋苦参、苦参＋白鲜皮、二仙丸＋白鲜皮、槲皮素、当归、阿魏酸。结论4种中草药及其混合药液、主要有效成分均有抑制马拉色菌的作用。     

帕罗西汀血药浓度检测方法研究进展

帕罗西汀为5-羟色胺（5-HT）阻断药,具有起效快、疗效好、不良反应低等优点,为目前临床上常用抗抑郁症药物。帕罗西汀疗效和不良反应与该药血药浓度密切相关,并且个体差异性较大。因此,研究开发专一性强、灵敏度高的血药浓度检测方法十分必要,具有重要的临床和实践意义。本文综述帕罗西汀血药浓度检测时血样的前处理方法,同时对高效液相色谱法和气相色谱法检测帕罗西汀血药浓度进展进行论述,为该领域的临床合理用药和相关领域的研究提供借鉴。     

不同麻醉和术后镇痛方式对中老年胸科手术后胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的：探讨不同麻醉和术后镇痛方式对中老年胸科手术后胰岛素抵抗的影响。方法：中老年胸科手术患者80例随机分为治疗组与对照组各40例,两组都采用开胸手术治疗,于手术结束前30min硬膜外腔给予镇痛,治疗组采用舒芬太尼镇痛,对照组采用地佐辛镇痛。结果：两组镇痛后2h与镇痛后24h的HR和MVP对比差异明显（P〈0．05）,同时对照组不同时间点的组内对比差异明显（P〈0．05）,治疗组组内对比无明显差异。治疗组在镇痛后2h与镇痛后24h的VAS评分都明显少于对照组（P〈0．05）,Ramsay评分治疗组高于对照组（P〈0．05）。治疗组组内不同时间点胰岛素含量和胰岛素敏感性对比无明显差异,而对照组对比差异明显（P〈0．05）,同时镇痛后组间对比也有明显差异（P〈0．05）。结论：相对于地佐辛,舒芬太尼用于中老年胸科手术术后疼痛镇痛效果良好,能有效地抑制胰岛素抵抗与应激反应的发生,有很好的应用效果。     

吐鲁番市胃食管反流病发生相关危险因素分析（附280例报道）

目的：探讨280例胃食管反流病（GERD）的分布特点及危险因素。方法：对临床诊断和胃镜确诊的280例GERD患者进行临床和风险因子相关性分析。结果：不论汉族还是维族,男性患者比例均明显高于女性;汉族患者高发年龄段早于维族患者（z=-2．939,P=0．003,）;汉族和维族患者占反流性食管炎和Barrett食管比例分别为42．4％、81_3％及56．5％、18．8％,其中汉族患者Barrett食管比例较高（X2=14．358,P=0．000）;肥胖、习惯性便秘、重体力活动者、饮食习惯不良在维族患者中的比例较高（P〈0．001）。结论：GERD与性别、年龄密切相关,男性多于女性,汉族患者发病年龄高峰旱于维族患者;汉族患者Barrett食管发生比例高于维族患者;肥胖、习惯性便秘、重体力活动、饮食习惯不良可能是GERD尤其是维族人群GERD的危险因素。     

上颌第一前磨牙三维模型的建立与研究

目的：建立上颌第一前磨牙三维模型,以辅助牙体解剖学数字化教学和指导临床根管治疗术。方法：对人离体上颌第一前磨牙通过ConebeamCT扫描,获得DICOM格式影像,将获得的影像定位后利用Mimicsl0．0三维重建软件采集牙釉质、牙本质及髓腔的点数据,然后将采集到的点数据导入到MagicslO．0软件进行面网格化,将网格化后的图像标本进行光滑处理后保存,再次利用MimicslO．0三维重建软件进行数据处理,最终获得清晰的牙体及根管系统三维立体图像。结果：准确的建立了包含牙釉质、牙本质、牙髓腔的三维立体模型。结论：本实验方法建立的上颌第一前磨牙的三维模型,具有极高的真实性和精确性,对辅助教学、指导临床根管治疗都具有重要意义。为牙体解剖教学和口腔临床应用提供了一种简捷而精确的建模方法。     

Developmental Potential of Prepubertal Mouse Oocytes Is Compromised Due Mainly to Their Impaired Synthesis of Glutathione

Although oocytes from prepubertal animals are found less competent than oocytes from adults, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Using the mouse oocyte model, this paper has tested the hypothesis that the developmental potential of prepubertal oocytes is compromised due mainly to their impaired potential for glutathione synthesis. Oocytes from prepubertal and adult mice, primed with or without eCG, were matured in vitro and assessed for glutathione synthesis potential, oxidative stress, Ca²⁺ reserves, fertilization and in vitro development potential. In unprimed mice, abilities for glutathione synthesis, activation, male pronuclear formation, blastocyst formation, cortical granule migration and polyspermic block were all compromised significantly in prepubertal compared to adult oocytes. Cysteamine and cystine supplementation to maturation medium significantly promoted oocyte glutathione synthesis and blastocyst development but difference due to maternal age remained. Whereas reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased, Ca²⁺ storage decreased significantly in prepubertal oocytes. Levels of both catalytic and modifier subunits of the γ-glutamylcysteine ligase were significantly lower in prepubertal than in adult oocytes. Maternal eCG priming improved all the parameters and eliminated the age difference. Together, the results have confirmed our hypothesis by showing that prepubertal oocytes have a decreased ability to synthesize glutathione leading to an impaired potential to reduce ROS and to form male pronuclei and blastocysts. The resulting oxidative stress decreases the intracellular Ca²⁺ store resulting in impaired activation at fertilization, and damages the microfilament network, which affects cortical granule redistribution leading to polyspermy.     

红松多酚物质的提取工艺及其抗炎活性初步研究

选取超声波提取法对红松树皮中多酚类物质的提取工艺进行研究,以多酚提取率作为指标,采用单因素试验及正交试验,研究了物料比、乙醇浓度、提取时间、提取温度对红松多酚提取的影响。结果表明,超声波提取的最佳工艺条件是:物料比(g·m L~(-1))1∶30,乙醇浓度60%,提取时间2.0 h,提取温度80℃。本文也对红松多酚的抗炎作用进行了研究,并与杨树多酚、蓝莓多酚进行了比较,结果表明,在0.01~100μg·m L~(-1)范围内,3种多酚都有一定的抗炎作用,且抗炎作用大小顺序为:蓝莓多酚红松多酚杨树多酚。     

高强度聚焦超声在药物控制释放的应用及进展

高强度聚焦超声能够以一种非侵入性的方式有效地穿透身体内部组织,聚焦在深层组织中一个很小的空间区域内,产生很强的声能,这些能量被组织吸收引起局部温度的升高。当温度到达热敏脂质体的相变温度时,磷脂烷基链构象的会发生改变,导致脂质体的通透性增强,从而能够促进药物的释放。因此,高强度聚焦超声可以被用作外源刺激控制体内特定位置热敏脂质体的药物释放。本文对高强度聚焦超声在药物控制释放领域的应用及进展进行综述。     

Association of PON1, P2Y12 and COX1 with Recurrent Ischemic Events in Patients with Extracranial or Intracranial Stenting

Background and Purpose

Short-term combined use of clopidogrel and aspirin improves cerebrovascular outcomes in patients with symptomatic extracranial or intracranial stenosis. Antiplatelet non-responsiveness is related to recurrent ischemic events, but the culprit genetic variants responsible for the non-responsiveness have not been well studied. We aimed to identify the genetic variants associated with poor clinical outcomes.

Methods

Patients with symptomatic extracranial or intracranial stenosis scheduled for stenting and receiving dual antiplatelets (clopidogrel 75 mg and aspirin 100 mg daily) for at least 5 days before intervention were enrolled. Ischemic events including recurrent transient ischemic attack, stroke, myocardial infarction, and vascular-related mortality within 12 months follow-up were recorded. We examined the influence of genetic polymorphisms on treatment outcome in our patients.

Results

A total of 268 patients were enrolled into our study and ischemic events were observed in 39 patients. For rs662 of paraoxonase 1 (PON1), allele C was associated with an increased risk of ischemic events (OR = 1.64, 95%CI = 1.03–2.62, P = 0.029). The A-allele carriers of rs2046934 of P2Y12 had a significant association with adverse events (OR = 2.01, 95%CI = 1.10–3.67, P = 0.041). The variant T-allele of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX1) rs1330344 significantly increased the risk of recurrent clinical events (OR = 1.85, 95%CI = 1.12–3.03, P = 0.017). The other single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) had no association with ischemic events.

Conclusions

PON1, P2Y12 and COX1 polymorphisms were associated with poorer vascular outcomes. Testing for these polymorphisms may be valuable in the identification of patients at risk for recurrent ischemic events.