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991.
Patwari P Emilsson V Schadt EE Chutkow WA Lee S Marsili A Zhang Y Dobrin R Cohen DE Larsen PR Zavacki AM Fong LG Young SG Lee RT 《Cell metabolism》2011,14(5):671-683
A human genome-wide linkage scan for obesity identified a linkage peak on chromosome 5q13-15. Positional cloning revealed an association of a rare haplotype to high body-mass index (BMI) in males but not?females. The risk locus contains a single gene, "arrestin domain-containing 3" (ARRDC3), an uncharacterized α-arrestin. Inactivating Arrdc3 in mice led to a striking resistance to obesity, with greater impact on male mice. Mice with decreased ARRDC3 levels were protected from obesity due to increased energy expenditure through increased activity levels and increased thermogenesis of both brown and white adipose tissues. ARRDC3 interacted directly with β-adrenergic receptors, and loss of ARRDC3 increased the response to β-adrenergic stimulation in isolated adipose tissue. These results demonstrate that ARRDC3 is a gender-sensitive regulator of obesity and energy expenditure and reveal?a surprising diversity for arrestin family protein functions. 相似文献
992.
993.
Di Sanzo M Gaspari M Misaggi R Romeo F Falbo L De Marco C Agosti V Quaresima B Barni T Viglietto G Larsen MR Cuda G Costanzo F Faniello MC 《Journal of proteome research》2011,10(12):5444-5453
Ferritin, the major intracellular iron-storage protein, is made of 24 subunits of two types, H and L. Besides regulating intracellular iron homeostasis, it has been found that ferritin, in particular the H subunit (FHC), is involved in different biological events such as cell differentiation and pathologic states (i.e., neurodegeneration and cancer). This study is aimed at investigating the whole-cell proteome of FHC-expressing and sh-RNA-silenced human metastatic melanoma cells (MM07(m)) in the attempt to identify and classify the highest number of proteins directly or indirectly controlled by the FHC. We identified about 200 differentially expressed proteins and classified them in clusters on the basis of their functions, as proteins involved in metabolic processes, cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation processes. Some of them have captured our attention because of their involvement in metabolic pathways related to tumor progression and metastasis. In vitro assays confirmed that the FHC-silenced MM07(m) cells are characterized by a decreased growth activity, a reduced invasiveness, and a reduced cell adhesion capability. Moreover, nude mice (CD1 nu/nu), subcutaneously injected with FHC-silenced MM07(m) cells, showed a remarkable 4-fold reduction of their tumor growth capacity compared to those who received the FHC-unsilenced MM07(m) counterpart. In conclusion, these data indicate that gene silencing technology, coupled to proteomic analysis, is a powerful tool for a better understanding of H ferritin signaling pathways and lend support to the hypothesis that specific targeting of this gene might be an attractive and potentially effective strategy for the management of metastatic melanoma. 相似文献
994.
Parker BL Gupta P Cordwell SJ Larsen MR Palmisano G 《Journal of proteome research》2011,10(4):1449-1458
A selective method for the enrichment of O-GlcNAcylated peptides using a novel CLICK chemistry reagent is described. Peptides modified by O-GlcNAc were enzymatically labeled with N-azidoacetylgalactosamine. The azide was then reacted with a phospho-alkyne using CLICK chemistry and O-GlcNAcGalNAzPO(4)-containing peptides were enriched using titanium dioxide chromatography. Modified peptides were analyzed using a combination of higher energy collision dissociation for identification and electron transfer dissociation to localize the site of O-GlcNAc attachment. The enrichment method was developed and optimized using an alpha-crystallin standard protein and then applied to a soluble protein preparation of mouse brain tissue and a nuclear preparation generated from HeLa cells. A total of 42 unique O-GlcNAcylated peptides were identified, including 7 novel O-GlcNAc sites. 相似文献
995.
Graham ME Thaysen-Andersen M Bache N Craft GE Larsen MR Packer NH Robinson PJ 《Journal of proteome research》2011,10(6):2725-2733
Protein phosphorylation and glycosylation are the most common post-translational modifications observed in biology, frequently on the same protein. Assembly protein AP180 is a synapse-specific phosphoprotein and O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modified glycoprotein. AP180 is involved in the assembly of clathrin coated vesicles in synaptic vesicle endocytosis. Unlike other types of O-glycosylation, O-GlcNAc is nucleocytoplasmic and reversible. It was thought to be a terminal modification, that is, the O-GlcNAc was not found to be additionally modified in any way. We now show that AP180 purified from rat brain contains a phosphorylated O-GlcNAc (O-GlcNAc-P) within a highly conserved sequence. O-GlcNAc or O-GlcNAc-P, but not phosphorylation alone, was found at Thr-310. Analysis of synthetic GlcNAc-6-P produced identical fragmentation products to GlcNAc-P from AP180. Direct O-linkage of GlcNAc-P to a Thr residue was confirmed by electron transfer dissociation MS. A second AP180 tryptic peptide was also glycosyl phosphorylated, but the site of modification was not assigned. Sequence similarities suggest there may be a common motif within AP180 involving glycosyl phosphorylation and dual flanking phosphorylation sites within 4 amino acid residues. This novel type of protein glycosyl phosphorylation adds a new signaling mechanism to the regulation of neurotransmission and more complexity to the study of O-GlcNAc modification. 相似文献
996.
Sampath A Metz M Stundick M Larsen JC 《Biosecurity and bioterrorism : biodefense strategy, practice, and science》2011,9(4):351-360
In recent years, there has been an increase in the perceived threat of biological agents being used against civilian populations. This has prompted an urgent need for the development and procurement of medical countermeasures (MCMs) against highly pathogenic viruses that can prevent morbidity and mortality from infections caused by these agents. To date, antiviral drug development has been largely focused on clinically prevalent chronic infections due to their commercial viability. This has left a huge gap in the drug development path for acute infections of biodefense importance. In this review, we discuss the antiviral research and development initiatives focusing specifically on poxviruses, filoviruses, and equine encephalitis viruses (EEV). We discuss the benefits and technical challenges in the current development strategies and the hurdles in the licensure path for MCMs against these highly pathogenic viruses under the FDA Animal Rule, and we provide recommendations for the path forward. 相似文献
997.
998.
Perner A Haase N Wetterslev J Aneman A Tenhunen J Guttormsen AB Klemenzson G Pott F Bødker KD Bådstøløkken PM Bendtsen A Søe-Jensen P Tousi H Bestle M Pawlowicz M Winding R Bülow HH Kancir C Steensen M Nielsen J Fogh B Madsen KR Larsen NH Carlsson M Wiis J Petersen JA Iversen S Schøidt O Leivdal S Berezowicz P Pettilä V Ruokonen E Klepstad P Karlsson S Kaukonen M Rutanen J Karason S Kjældgaard AL Holst LB Wernerman J;Scandinavian Critical Care Trials Group 《Trials》2011,12(1):24
999.
Adu B Dodoo D Adukpo S Gyan BA Hedley PL Goka B Adjei GO Larsen SO Christiansen M Theisen M 《PloS one》2011,6(12):e29465
Background
Cerebral malaria (CM) is the most severe outcome of Plasmodium falciparum infection and a major cause of death in children from 2 to 4 years of age. A hospital based study in Ghana showed that P. falciparum induces eosinophilia and found a significantly higher serum level of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in CM patients than in uncomplicated malaria (UM) and severe malaria anemia (SA) patients. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been described in the ECP encoding-gene (RNASE3) of which the c.371G>C polymorphism (rs2073342) results in an arginine to threonine amino acid substitution p.R124T in the polypeptide and abolishes the cytotoxicity of ECP. The present study aimed to investigate the potential association between polymorphisms in RNASE3 and CM.Methodology/Principal Findings
The RNASE3 gene and flanking regions were sequenced in 206 Ghanaian children enrolled in a hospital based malaria study. An association study was carried out to assess the significance of five SNPs in CM (n = 45) and SA (n = 56) cases, respectively. The two severe case groups (CM and SA) were compared with the non-severe control group comprising children suffering from UM (n = 105). The 371G allele was significantly associated with CM (p = 0.00945, OR = 2.29, 95% CI = 1.22–4.32) but not with SA. Linkage disequilibrium analysis demonstrated significant linkage between three SNPs and the haplotype combination 371G/*16G/*94A was strongly associated with susceptibility to CM (p = 0.000913, OR = 4.14, 95% CI = 1.79–9.56), thus, defining a risk haplotype. The RNASE3 371GG genotype was found to be under frequency-dependent selection.Conclusions/Significance
The 371G allele of RNASE3 is associated with susceptibility to CM and forms part of a risk associated haplotype GGA defined by the markers: rs2073342 (G-allele), rs2233860 (G-allele) and rs8019343 (A-allele) respectively. Collectively, these results suggest a hitherto unrecognized role for eosinophils in CM pathogenesis. 相似文献1000.
Burns JS Kristiansen M Kristensen LP Larsen KH Nielsen MO Christiansen H Nehlin J Andersen JS Kassem M 《PloS one》2011,6(7):e21888