全文获取类型
收费全文 | 752篇 |
免费 | 25篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 6篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2019年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 8篇 |
2017年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 5篇 |
2015年 | 13篇 |
2014年 | 15篇 |
2013年 | 50篇 |
2012年 | 32篇 |
2011年 | 30篇 |
2010年 | 25篇 |
2009年 | 27篇 |
2008年 | 47篇 |
2007年 | 45篇 |
2006年 | 51篇 |
2005年 | 29篇 |
2004年 | 40篇 |
2003年 | 36篇 |
2002年 | 29篇 |
2001年 | 14篇 |
2000年 | 10篇 |
1999年 | 16篇 |
1998年 | 13篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 13篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 15篇 |
1982年 | 14篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 10篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
1970年 | 3篇 |
1968年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有777条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
Yasuhiro Iwao Akiko Miki Michiko Kobayashi Kazuo Onitake 《Development, growth & differentiation》1994,36(5):469-479
An extract obtained from Cynops sperm induced the activation of both Cynops and Xenopus eggs with accompanying changes in the potential of the egg membrane that were quite similar to those caused by the Cynops sperm. The activation-inducing properties of the extract were abolished by treatment with proteinase K or by heating (60°C, 15 min) and were associated with a protease activity against peptidyl Arg-MCA substrates. The activation of Xenopus eggs by the extract was inhibited by those substrates, or by protease inhibitors, aprotinin or leupeptin. The protease activity was localized in the acrosomal region of Cynops sperm. The activation of Xenopus eggs by the extract was prevented when the exterior concentration of Ca2+ ions, [Ca2+ ]0 , was reduced to 1.5 μM, but it was enhanced when [Ca2+ ]0 was increased to 340 μM. The activation of Xenopus eggs by the extract was not affected by positive clamping when [Ca2+ ]0 was 340 μM. These results suggest that the sperm extract contains a protease that causes an increase in the influx of Ca2+ ions that results in voltage-insensitive activation of the egg. 相似文献
12.
InMenida scotti aduts which mate during hibernation, we examined the effect of photoperiod on diapause induction in terms of the developmental degree of reproductive organs and corpora allata. In a hibernating population, mating season and physiological changes related to dipause were investigated. When newly emerged adults were reared under long- or short-day conditions, reservoir of the ectodermal accessory gland and corpora allata in males developed, while the developments of ovary and corpora allata in females were suppressed under both conditions. This suggests that diapause of this species is induced only in females independently photoperiodic conditions during adult stage. In a hibernating population, mating was observed from early to late November and from late March to early May. Observations of the development of reproductive organs and corpora allata suggest that diapause is induced only in females in the former period, while both sexes are not in diapause in the latter period. 相似文献
13.
Full-grown amphibian oocytes that had been arrested at meiotic prophase I contained an activity that prevented the cell cycle from progressing beyond a G2 -like stage. Injection of the contents of germinal vesicles (GV-content) or cytoplasm obtained from oocytes of the frog Rana rugosa prevented fertilized eggs of Cynops pyrrhogaster or Bufo japonicus from cleaving. The nuclei in the arrested eggs consisted of thin chromosomes and nucleolus-like particles enclosed within clear nuclear membrane and their volume increased as a function of time after injection. Cycling of maturation-promoting factor (MPF) did not occur in the injected eggs, but DNA synthesis was not disturbed. The injection of exogenous MPF into the eggs induced the reinitiation of the cell cycle with progression to the M phase and subsequent cleavage. Furthermore, the injection into the full-grown oocytes of Bufo inhibited induction of the maturation of oocytes by progesterone. These results demonstrate that a factor that arrests the cell cycle either at a G2 -like stage of mitosis or at prophase in meiosis is present both in the GV and cytoplasm of frog oocytes. We refer to this factor as a G2 -specific cytostatic factor (G2 -CSF). G2 -CSF may play an important role not only in the physiological arrest at prophase I in meiosis, but also in regulation of the G2 /M transition in the cell cycle of early embryonic cells. 相似文献
14.
Dispersal propensity of green leafhoppers was compared between a tropical species, Nephotettix virescens, and a temperate species, N. cincticeps. The flight ability was measured with tethered flight technique under laboratory conditions (25°C, 16L-8D). The pre-flight period was shorter and the flight duration was longer in N. virescens than in N. cincticeps in both sexes. No significant correlations were found between the flight activity and morphometric characters for either of the two species. The results suggested that dispersal propensity of N. virescens is higher than that of N. cincticeps. 相似文献
15.
Effect of triethylenepentaminehexaacetic acid on the renal damage in cadmium-treated Syrian hamsters 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Toshiaki Shibasaki Q. -Y. Xu Iwao Ohno Fumio Ishimoto Osamu Sakai 《Biological trace element research》1995,50(2):157-165
Cadmium (Cd)-induced nephropathy was treated by triethylene-pentaminehexaacetic acid (TTHA) in male Syrian hamsters. Hamsters
injected three times a week with 3 mg/kg body wt CdCl2 showed proteinuria, urinaryN-acetyl-β-d-inglucosaminidase (NAG), and fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) when compared to saline-injected control. Cd-treated hamsters
injected ip with TTHA 10 mg/kg body wt five times a week showed reduction of renal damage, including reductions in urinary
protein (from 6.7±2.2 to 4.3±0.5 mg/d) and NAG (0.17±0.06 to 0.04±0.02 U/d). Urinary excretion of Cd was significantly increased
(from 87±51.3 to 3052±1485 mg/L) by TTHA administration. Cd concentration in renal cortical tissue was slightly reduced (26.4±3.0
to 21.8±2.7 mg/g. protein). Excretion of malondialdehyde (MDA) was increased only in Cd-injected hamsters (to 2.1±1.6 nM/L), and elevated MDA in renal cortical tissue was not reduced by the administration of TTHA (1041±105 vs 1104±358 nM/g protein). Glutathione (GSH) concentration in the renal cortex was significantly elevated after Cd administration and further
increased after TTHA administration (5.5±2.1 to 9.8±2.0 μg/50 mg protein). There were no marked effects on creatinine clearance
(Ccr) and hematocrit. Moreover, renal morphological changes were improved significantly by treatment with TTHA.
We demonstrated the efficacy of TTHA in the treatment of Cd-induced nephropathy in hamsters. Although the precise mechanism
of the TTHA effects on Cd-induced nephropathy has not been elucidated, it might involve GSH reducing the elevated MDA concentration
in renal tissue. 相似文献
16.
Kahee Fujita Tadashi Ueda Taiji Imoto Iwao Tabushi Namiko Toh Toshitaka Koga 《Bioorganic chemistry》1982,11(1):72-84
A capped cyclodextrin, 6-deoxy-6-(p-hydroxy-m-nitrophenacylthio)-β-cyclodextrin, was prepared in order to detect any conformational change of the host upon the guest binding. The association constant between the cyclodextrin and 1-adamantanecarboxylate, cyclohexanecarboxylate, p-methylbenzoate, 3,3-dimethylbutyrate, or 2,2-dimethylpropionate was enhanced 20, 5.3, 3.7, 2.3, or 2.0 times, respectively, by chromophore capping. The changes in the electronic, NMR, and circular dichroism spectra as well as pKa of this cyclodextrin upon binding of the guest strongly indicate a conformational change around the chromophoric moiety of the cyclodextrin. 相似文献
17.
Hydrophobic protein (H protein) was isolated from membrane fractions of Bacillus subtilis and constituted into artificial membrane vesicles with lipid of B. substilis. Glutamate was accumulated into the vesicle when a Na+ gradient across the membrane was imposed. The maximum effect of Na+ on the transport was achieved at a concentration of about 40 mM, while the apparent Km for Na+ was approximately 8 mM. On the other hand, Km for glutamate in the presence of 50 mM Na+ was about 8 μM. Increasing the concentration of Na+ resulted in a decrease in Km for glutamate, maximum velocity was not affected. The transport was sensitive to monensin (Na+ ionophore).Glutamate was also accumulated when pH gradient (interior alkaline) across the membrane was imposed or a membrane potential was induced with K+-diffusion potential. The pH gradient-driven glutamate transport was sensitive to carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone and the apparent Km for glutamate was approximately 25 μM.These results indicate that two kinds of glutamate transport system were present in H protein: one is Na+ dependent and the other is H+ dependent. 相似文献
18.
Rice plants (IR26 and Latisail) obtained at near heading stage from a wetland field were transferred to water culture and exposed to 15N2 in a gas-tight growth chamber for 7 days to measure N2-fixing activities associated with the rice. The activities measured varied from 6.5 to 11.6 μmol of N2 fixed per hill per day. The outer leaf sheath had about 2.5 times higher N2-fixing activities per unit weight than the root. Slight activities were also found in the basal node and inner leaf sheath. Wrapping basal parts of the stem with aluminum foil did not decrease the activities of N2 fixation in these parts. Thus, the outer leaf sheath as well as the root are N2-fixing sites in rice plants. N2 fixation found in above-ground parts is not due to photoautotrophic organisms. Less than 10% of the fixed nitrogen was translocated from the fixing sites to the leaf blades and the young panicles. 相似文献
19.
K Fujisaki 《National Institute of Animal Health quarterly》1978,18(1):27-38
The resistance to the ixodid tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis (parthenogenetic Okayama strain), manifested as a reduction in engorged body weight, developed in rabbits subjected to a series of adult female infestations. A single infestation with females always produced resistance in hosts. This production appeared to depend little on the number of ticks per infestation. Unlike the previous papers, this study revealed that there was no reduction in the mean recovery rate of engorged females when ticks fed on a rabbit repeatedly infested with the ticks. A series of infestations were carried out comparatively to investigate the major biological characters of ticks, such as feeding, oviposition, and hatchability of eggs. As a result, there were no marked differences in these characters among the infestations. Especially, no differences were noticed in the concentration of ingested blood meal in detached females among the infestations. Precipitating antibodies were found in the sera of rabbits resistant to the tick-bite. They were subjected to fractionation by Sephadex G-200 chromatography and tested for sensitivity to 2-mercaptoethanol. As a result, they were proved to be of immunoglobulin of 7 S class. 相似文献
20.
Chick embryos were infected with Leucocytozoon caulleryi by biting of the midge, Culicoides arakawae, through the shell membrane. Schizonts of L. caulleryi were detected in the chorioallantoic membrane and most of the internal organs of embryos and of chicks after hatching. The development of schizonts was slower in embryos than in chickens. Soluble antigens of L. caulleryi were demonstrated by the precipitation test in the allantoic fluid and blood from the embryos and chicks. No erythrocytic stage of L. caulleryi, however, was observed in any embryo or chick. 相似文献