Calcium Signaling Controls Pathogenic Th17 Cell-Mediated Inflammation by Regulating Mitochondrial Function

1. Download : Download high-res image (229KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

     

Morphometric Characterization of Halophytic Plant Chloroplasts

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology - The data concerning morphometric characterization of chloroplasts belonging to two groups of halophytes distinguished by their salt...     

Adaptations of Malus domestica Borkh. (Rosaceae) Fruits Grown at Different Altitudes

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology - Cytophysiological adaptive features of apple fruits (Malus domestica Borkh.) were examined as a function of growth altitude—300, 500, 700, and 1200 m...     

Cellular laminin-binding protein and Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus replication in Vero, 293 and 9S2 cells

The expression of the laminin-binding protein (LBP) on cellular membranes in different cell lines has been studied. A high level of replication of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus was registered in Vero cells with high levels of LBP on the cell surface. The treatment of Vero cells with monoclonal antibodies to human LBP reduced VEE virus replication by a factor of more than 200. A low level of LBP expression on the surface of 293 cells was increased via transfection by plasmid with gene for human LBP. The VEE virus replication in transfected cells (9S2) was increased by more that 2000 times compared to the 293 cells. The results demonstrated the principal role of cellular LBP in the entry of VEE virus into mammalian cells. It is proposed that LBP is a key cellular protein for the early stage of the VEE virus replication in cells. LBP may be a target protein for the development of a new generation of antiviral drugs capable of inhibiting (enhancing) the alphavirus replication in human cells.     

shRNA knockdown of Bmi-1 reveals a critical role for p21-Rb pathway in NSC self-renewal during development

Knockout studies have shown that the polycomb gene Bmi-1 is important for postnatal, but not embryonic, neural stem cell (NSC) self-renewal and have identified the cell-cycle inhibitors p16/p19 as molecular targets. Here, using lentiviral-delivered shRNAs in vitro and in vivo, we determined that Bmi-1 is also important for NSC self-renewal in the embryo. We found that neural progenitors depend increasingly on Bmi-1 for proliferation as development proceeds from embryonic through adult stages. Acute shRNA-mediated Bmi-1 reduction causes defects in embryonic and adult NSC proliferation and self-renewal that, unexpectedly, are mediated by a different cell-cycle inhibitor, p21. Gene array analyses revealed developmental differences in Bmi-1-controlled expression of genes in the p21-Rb cell cycle regulatory pathway. Our data therefore implicate p21 as an important Bmi-1 target in NSCs, potentially with stage-related differences. Understanding stage-related mechanisms underlying NSC self-renewal has important implications for development of stem cell-based therapies.     

The Electromotive Protein Prestin as a Sensitive Core of the Fluorescent Voltage Indicator

Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry - In this study, we first used prestin, an electromotive protein of the mammalian auditory analyzer, as a voltage-sensitive core of a genetically encoded...     

An Adiabatic Calorimetry Method to Determine the Thermodynamic Characteristics of Cryoprotectants

Biophysics - Abstract—The efficiency of cryoprotectants used to protect cells from damage is usually evaluated by the changes in vital cell parameters after a freezing–thawing cycle....     

The Generation of Superoxide Radicals by Cardiac Mitochondria and the Antioxidant Effect of the Water-Soluble Form of Ubiquinol-10

Biophysics - We have studied the effect of the water-soluble form of ubiquinol-10 (CoQ10-H2) on the processes of electron transport, oxidative phosphorylation, and the formation of reactive oxygen...     

Barley microgreen incorporation in diet-controlled diabetes and counteracted aflatoxicosis in rats

Increased environmental pollution and unhealthy lifestyle are blamed for escalated chronic diseases. Exposure to aflatoxins was recently suggested to have a role in the increased incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diet modification and consumption of different functional food are now gaining attention, especially in diabetes management. This study investigates the effect of a diet containing barley microgreen against diabetes induced by streptozotocin with or without aflatoxin administration in rats. Barley microgreen was rich in 3′-Benzyloxy-5,6,7,4′-tetramethoxyflavone (48.8% of total) followed by 5β,7βH,10α-Eudesm-11-en-1α-ol (18.46%). Streptozotocin injection and/or aflatoxin administration significantly elevated glucose level, decreased insulin level, decreased β-cell function, deteriorated liver and kidney function parameters, and induced oxidative stress in the liver. Histopathology revealed irregular small-sized islets and decreased area % of insulin-positive beta cells in the pancreas, hepatic degeneration, nephropathy, and neuropathy in diabetic and/or aflatoxin administered rats compared to control. Barley microgreen diet fed to diabetic rats with or without aflatoxin alleviated all evaluated parameters. Barley microgreen diet also ameliorated the toxic effect of aflatoxin. In conclusion, exposure to aflatoxin aggravated diabetes and its complication. The incorporation of barley microgreen in the diet was able to control type 2 diabetes mellitus and the improved outcomes observed with barley microgreen treatments involved or occurred in conjunction with improved biomarkers of oxidative stress.