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991.
Dubska L Literak I Kocianova E Taragelova V Sverakova V Sychra O Hromadko M 《Applied and environmental microbiology》2011,77(3):1115-1117
Ixodes ricinus ticks collected from 835 birds and from vegetation in the Czech Republic were analyzed. Host-seeking ticks (n = 427) were infected predominantly by Borrelia afzelii (25%). Ticks (n = 1,012) from songbirds (Passeriformes) were infected commonly by Borrelia garinii (12.1%) and Borrelia valaisiana (13.4%). Juveniles of synanthropic birds, Eurasian blackbirds (Turdus merula) and song thrushes (Turdus philomelos), were major reservoir hosts of B. garinii. 相似文献
992.
993.
Zanoni I Ostuni R Marek LR Barresi S Barbalat R Barton GM Granucci F Kagan JC 《Cell》2011,147(4):868-880
The transport of Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) to various organelles has emerged as an essential means by which innate immunity is regulated. While most of our knowledge is restricted to regulators that promote the transport of newly synthesized receptors, the regulators that control TLR transport after microbial detection remain unknown. Here, we report that the plasma membrane localized Pattern Recognition Receptor (PRR) CD14 is required for the microbe-induced endocytosis of TLR4. In dendritic cells, this CD14-dependent endocytosis pathway is upregulated upon exposure to inflammatory mediators. We identify the tyrosine kinase Syk and its downstream effector PLCγ2 as important regulators of TLR4 endocytosis and signaling. These data establish that upon microbial detection, an upstream PRR (CD14) controls the trafficking and signaling functions of a downstream PRR (TLR4). This innate immune trafficking cascade illustrates how pathogen detection systems operate to induce both membrane transport and signal transduction. 相似文献
994.
Mayer L Bacić-Vrca V Sulentić P Sisić I Marić-Miholić V Romovski S Ljubić D 《Collegium antropologicum》2011,35(1):167-172
The aim of the study was to assess correlation of atherosclerosis severity as determined by two different methods of screening for atherosclerosis: (A) measurement of the cardio-ankle vascular index-CAVI by use of the VaseraVS-1500 vascular screening device, and (B) Framingham scale scoring. 52 subjects (28 male and 24 female) were enrolled in the study. Classification of study subjects into four quartiles based on theoretically calculated 10-year risk according to Framingham scale (medians: 1%, 3%, 4% and 15%) confirmed the risk increase to be associated with a statistically significant increase in CAVI, age and total cholesterol, and a statistically significant decrease in HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.001 all). Spearman correlation coefficients showed a statistically significant correlation of 10-year risk with CAVI (p = 0.0242; r = 0.4494). Study results suggested that simultaneous determination of CAVI and 10-year risk might prove justified. They are not contradictory, the more so, these two parameters showed a significant positive correlation. This test panel yields comprehensible, implying all the possible consequences and highly motivating information that may stimulate the person for lifestyle modification. 相似文献
995.
Rakovac M Smoljanović T Bojanić I Hannafin JA Hren D Thomas P 《Collegium antropologicum》2011,35(1):127-131
The aim of this study was to determine whether elite international junior rowers in 2007 were heavier and taller than those evaluated in 1997, and to compare this change among finalists and non-finalists, and sweep rowers and scullers. Body weight and height data obtained by a questionnaire from a total of 398 rowers (42% female, 58% male) at the Junior World Rowing Championships in Beijing, People's Republic of China, in 2007 (65.9% of all competitors), were compared with data from 603 rowers measured at the Junior World Rowing Championships in Hazewinkel, Belgium in 1997 (36.5% female, 63.5% male, representing 90% and 89% of all competitors, respectively, by gender). Male and female rowers in 2007 were significantly taller compared to those in 1997 (1.0 cm, p = 0.009 and 2.1 cm, p < 0.001, respectively; one-sample t-test). No statistically significant difference was found for body mass. The finalists and sweep rowers were taller and heavier compared to nonfinalists and scullers at both Championships respectively. The heights of elite level junior rowers increased significantly over the decade. The finalists at World Junior Rowing Championships were again taller and heavier compared to the nonfinalists. 相似文献
996.
The intention of this study was to investigate the influence of surgery onto the appearance of the hip joint periarticular calcification in different groups of patients who suffered the acetabular fracture. A series of 103 patients with the acetabular fracture was analysed in a retrospective case-control study during a seven-year period. The patients were divided into two groups. The case group was comprised of 21 patients who were operated on due to the posterior acetabular wall fracture, while the control group was formed from 82 patients who underwent conservative treatment and who suffered complex acetabular fracture. To obtain the results, the rate and grade of the hip joint post-injury periarticular calcification formation were observed and analysed. They were considerably lower in patients from the case group who were operated on, compared to patients from the control group where the hip joint arthrosis was more common. In conclusion, considering the results of this paper, the rate and grade of the hip joint osteodegenerative changes may be highly decreased by surgery in patients who sustained the acetabular fracture. 相似文献
997.
Kirin I Jurisić D Mokrović H Salem O Zamolo G Kovacević M 《Collegium antropologicum》2011,35(3):933-935
This report describes a case of a 29-year old patient with congenital pseudoarthrosis of the distal tibia previously treated unsuccessfully by a conventional surgical method. Tibial congenital pseudoarthrosis is a rare disease characterized by segmental osseous weakness resulting in deformation of the bone and spontaneous fractures which progresses to a tibial nonunion. In our case we used intramedullary stabilization with bone grafting and six month after operation congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia healed. 相似文献
998.
Viljetić B Degmecić IV Krajina V Bogdanović T Mojsović-Cuić A Dikić D Vajn K Schnaar RL Heffer M 《Collegium antropologicum》2011,35(Z1):121-126
Gangliosides are major cell-surface determinants in the central nervous system (CNS) of vertebrates, found both in neuronal and glial cell membranes. Together with cholesterol and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) - anchored proteins, gangliosides are involved in organization of plasma membrane microdomains. Based on biochemical studies, frog brain was previously described as having low quantities of gangliosides and their distribution pattern in specific brain regions was unknown. Using highly specific monoclonal antibodies generated against four major brain gangliosides (GM1, GD1a, GD1b and GT1b), we examined the distribution of these molecules in CNS of four different species of frogs (Rana esculenta, Rana temporaria, Bufo bufo and Bufo viridis). We also studied the distribution of myelin- associated glycoprotein (MAG), an inhibitor of axonal regeneration, which is a ligand for gangliosides GD1a and GT1b. Our results show that ganglioside GDla is expressed in neurons of olfactory bulb in all studied animals. In the brain of Rana sp., GD1a is expressed in the entire olfactory pathway, from olfactory bulbs to amygdala, while in Bufo sp. GD1a is restricted to the main olfactory bulb. Furthermore, we found that most of myelinated pathways in frogs express MAG, but do not express GD1a, which could be one of the reasons for better axon regeneration of neural pathways after CNS injury in amphibians in comparison to mammals. 相似文献
999.
1000.