Characteristics of carbohydrate metabolism in the rat liver in thiamine deficiency

Thiamine deficiency in rats induced by oxythiamine is accompanied by an increase in the free NADP+/NADPH ratio in liver tissue, which results in multifold stimulation of the metabolite flux in the oxidation branch of the pentose cycle. The increase in the intracellular concentrations of isocitrate and alpha-ketoglutarate with a simultaneous decrease of malate in the liver of vitamin-deficient rats points to the inhibition of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase responsible for the anomalous metabolism under conditions of thiamine deficiency. The decrease of the functional activity of the tricarboxylic acid cycle is concomitant with the activation of conversions in the oxidation branch of the pentose cycle, glucuronate and glycolytic pathways of carbohydrate metabolism, which is directed at eliminating the energy deficiency in rats with B1-hypovitaminosis.     

Effect of brain acid extract products in inbred mice on 3H-diazepam reception

The influence of brain acid extract products, isolated by high-performance liquid chromatography on H3-diazepam binding was investigated in synaptosomal membranes of C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. Fractions with stimulatory and inhibitory activity were isolated. Quantitative and qualitative differences in the effects and structure of ACTH-immunoreactive peptide fractions under study were established.     

Fenibut binding with bicuculline-insensitive GABA receptors in the rat brain

(+/-) Fenibut beta-phenyl-GABA) was not able to displace 3H-GABA in Na+ independent GABA binding (IC50 greater than 250 microM). Nevertheless, (+/-) fenibut and (+/-) baclofen effectively displaced 3H-GABA in Ca2+ dependent GABA binding in the presence of 50 microM (+) bicuculline. (+/-) Fenibut was less potent in this respect. It is suggested that fenibut may act via bicuculline-insensitive GABA receptors.     

The Role of the Vascular Factor in the Reorganization of Water Metabolism in Denervated Liver after Bacterial Endotoxin Poisoning

Intoxication with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) is accompanied by considerable rearrangements in the systems of blood microcirculation and water metabolism of the liver. These rearrangements are manifested as increased sinusoid area, changed total area of the cytoplasm and nuclei as well as the nucleocytoplasmic ratio in hepatocytes, increased content of total water in the organ, and changed magnetic relaxation properties (spin-lattice and spin-spin relaxation times). Preliminary parasympathetic denervation of the liver (vagotomy) changes the pattern of the organ response to bacterial endotoxin poisoning as indicated by the kinetics of studied morphological and biophysical parameters.     

Interrelations between sympathetic adrenal and opioid systems--regulatory mechanism determining cardiac resistance to stress damage]

The present paper has analyzed relationship between sympatico-adrenal and opioid systems in the pathogenesis of stress heart damage. Based on the our own results and other investigator data the authors make a conclusion that namely relationship between opioid and sympatico-adrenal systems both on the level of the brain and on the periphery determines a degree of the heart resistance to the injury action of severe stress. Myocardial protection by opioids at stress was found to be mediated by the peripheral mu-opioid receptors and was associated with decrease in an activity of sympatico-adrenal system and a inhibition of its effector part. On contrary central opioid system activation leads to an increase in stress heart damage via an increase in sympathetical influence on the myocardium.