全文获取类型
收费全文 | 616篇 |
免费 | 62篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 13篇 |
2020年 | 10篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 16篇 |
2017年 | 16篇 |
2016年 | 16篇 |
2015年 | 34篇 |
2014年 | 36篇 |
2013年 | 31篇 |
2012年 | 62篇 |
2011年 | 53篇 |
2010年 | 27篇 |
2009年 | 25篇 |
2008年 | 40篇 |
2007年 | 39篇 |
2006年 | 21篇 |
2005年 | 30篇 |
2004年 | 40篇 |
2003年 | 32篇 |
2002年 | 27篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 7篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 11篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 3篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有678条查询结果,搜索用时 16 毫秒
11.
Lina Abu-Tair Sarit Doron Mahmud Mahamid Johnny Amer Rifaat Safadi 《Mitochondrion》2013,13(5):473-480
We investigated leptin effects on lymphocyte interactions with hepatic-stellate-cells (HSCs). Leptin showed pro-fibrotic effects on HSCs with oxidative status imbalance.In co-cultures, leptin activates HSCs and consequently adhered HCV-lymphocytes more than healthy ones. Leptin also increased healthy and HCV lymphocyte proliferations; increased their reactive-oxygen-species; decreased antioxidants (reduced-glutathione) levels while inhibited apoptosis only of HCV-lymphocytes. The leptin-treated HCV-lymphocytes activated HSCs, increase interleukin-4 while decreased their apoptosis.Leptin-receptor-deficient (db–db)-HSCs did not adhere lymphocytes. db/db-lymphocytes however showed fewer adherences to HSCs when compared to WT-counterparts.This study presents immune and oxidative modulatory effects of leptin on lymphocytes and their consequent interaction with HSCs. 相似文献
12.
Itai Kloog Abraham Haim Richard G. Stevens Micha Barchana 《Chronobiology international》2013,30(1):65-81
Recent studies of shift‐working women have reported that excessive exposure to light at night (LAN) may be a risk factor for breast cancer. However, no studies have yet attempted to examine the co‐distribution of LAN and breast cancer incidence on a population level with the goal to assess the coherence of these earlier findings with population trends. Coherence is one of Hill's “criteria” (actually, viewpoints) for an inference of causality. Nighttime satellite images were used to estimate LAN levels in 147 communities in Israel. Multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between LAN and breast cancer incidence rates and, as a test of the specificity of our method, lung cancer incidence rates in women across localities under the prediction of a link with breast cancer but not lung cancer. After adjusting for several variables available on a population level, such as ethnic makeup, birth rate, population density, and local income level, a strong positive association between LAN intensity and breast cancer rate was revealed (p<0.05), and this association strengthened (p<0.01) when only statistically significant factors were filtered out by stepwise regression analysis. Concurrently, no association was found between LAN intensity and lung cancer rate. These results provide coherence of the previously reported case‐control and cohort studies with the co‐distribution of LAN and breast cancer on a population basis. The analysis yielded an estimated 73% higher breast cancer incidence in the highest LAN exposed communities compared to the lowest LAN exposed communities. 相似文献
13.
14.
Yoav Gazit Sagi Gavriel Ruti Akiva Doron Timar 《Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata》2013,147(2):120-125
GF‐120, a fruit fly bait designed to attract and kill adult fruit flies, was tested in the laboratory and outdoors to determine effects of pre‐treatment diet and bait aging on mortality of Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Two spinosad‐based compounds, GF‐120 and Tracer® Ultra, had generated two distinctive dose–mortality responds, with LC80, LC90, and LC99 values of 2.4, 2.8, and 4.1 p.p.m., and 255, 479, and 1 143 p.p.m., respectively. The residues of GF‐120 drops, after feeding to the flies, generated 14.3% mortality. The droplet size of the baited spray plays an important role. The toxicity of large drops lasted more than that of small droplets. In the field, exposure to the sun further deteriorates the compound, which lost 50% of its toxicity within 6 days. Disappearance of the compound in the field, due to consumption by various insects, also played a role as 50% of the GF‐120 drops disappeared within 7 days. As mortality was directly related to the amount of insecticide eaten, the effect of GF‐120 depended on the feeding status of the flies: well‐fed flies were almost unaffected compared with starved ones. 相似文献
15.
Kim M Handley Nathan C VerBerkmoes Carl I Steefel Kenneth H Williams Itai Sharon Christopher S Miller Kyle R Frischkorn Karuna Chourey Brian C Thomas Manesh B Shah Philip E Long Robert L Hettich Jillian F Banfield 《The ISME journal》2013,7(4):800-816
Stimulation of subsurface microorganisms to induce reductive immobilization of metals is
a promising approach for bioremediation, yet the overall microbial community response is
typically poorly understood. Here we used proteogenomics to test the hypothesis that
excess input of acetate activates complex community functioning and syntrophic
interactions among autotrophs and heterotrophs. A flow-through sediment column was
incubated in a groundwater well of an acetate-amended aquifer and recovered during
microbial sulfate reduction. De novo reconstruction of community sequences
yielded near-complete genomes of Desulfobacter (Deltaproteobacteria),
Sulfurovum- and Sulfurimonas-like Epsilonproteobacteria and
Bacteroidetes. Partial genomes were obtained for Clostridiales
(Firmicutes) and Desulfuromonadales-like Deltaproteobacteria.
The majority of proteins identified by mass spectrometry corresponded to
Desulfobacter-like species, and demonstrate the role of this organism in
sulfate reduction (Dsr and APS), nitrogen fixation and acetate oxidation to CO2
during amendment. Results indicate less abundant Desulfuromonadales, and possibly
Bacteroidetes, also actively contributed to CO2 production via the
tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Proteomic data indicate that sulfide was partially
re-oxidized by Epsilonproteobacteria through nitrate-dependent sulfide oxidation
(using Nap, Nir, Nos, SQR and Sox), with CO2 fixed using the reverse TCA cycle.
We infer that high acetate concentrations, aimed at stimulating anaerobic heterotrophy,
led to the co-enrichment of, and carbon fixation in Epsilonproteobacteria.
Results give an insight into ecosystem behavior following addition of simple organic
carbon to the subsurface, and demonstrate a range of biological processes and community
interactions were stimulated. 相似文献
16.
17.
Identification of novel Xanthomonas euvesicatoria type III effector proteins by a machine‐learning approach
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Molecular Plant Pathology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Doron Teper David Burstein Dor Salomon Michael Gershovitz Tal Pupko Guido Sessa 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2016,17(3):398-411
The Gram‐negative bacterium Xanthomonas euvesicatoria (Xcv) is the causal agent of bacterial spot disease in pepper and tomato. Xcv pathogenicity depends on a type III secretion (T3S) system that delivers effector proteins into host cells to suppress plant immunity and promote disease. The pool of known Xcv effectors includes approximately 30 proteins, most identified in the 85‐10 strain by various experimental and computational techniques. To identify additional Xcv 85‐10 effectors, we applied a genome‐wide machine‐learning approach, in which all open reading frames (ORFs) were scored according to their propensity to encode effectors. Scoring was based on a large set of features, including genomic organization, taxonomic dispersion, hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (hrp)‐dependent expression, 5′ regulatory sequences, amino acid composition bias and GC content. Thirty‐six predicted effectors were tested for translocation into plant cells using the hypersensitive response (HR)‐inducing domain of AvrBs2 as a reporter. Seven proteins (XopAU, XopAV, XopAW, XopAP, XopAX, XopAK and XopAD) harboured a functional translocation signal and their translocation relied on the HrpF translocon, indicating that they are bona fide T3S effectors. Remarkably, four belong to novel effector families. Inactivation of the xopAP gene reduced the severity of disease symptoms in infected plants. A decrease in cell death and chlorophyll content was observed in pepper leaves inoculated with the xopAP mutant when compared with the wild‐type strain. However, populations of the xopAP mutant in infected leaves were similar in size to those of wild‐type bacteria, suggesting that the reduction in virulence was not caused by impaired bacterial growth. 相似文献
18.
Yoshikazu Furusawa Shinji Yamada Shunsuke Itai Takuro Nakamura Miyuki Yanaka Masato Sano Hiroyuki Harada Masato Fukui Mika K. Kaneko Yukinari Kato 《Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports》2019
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against human, mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, cat, and bovine podoplanin (PDPN), a lymphatic endothelial cell marker, have been established in our previous studies. However, mAbs against horse PDPN (horPDPN), which are useful for immunohistochemical analysis, remain to be developed. In the present study, mice were immunized with horPDPN-overexpressing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells (CHO/horPDPN), and hybridomas producing mAbs against horPDPN were screened using flow cytometry. One of the mAbs, PMab-219 (IgG2a, kappa), specifically detected CHO/horPDPN cells via flow cytometry and recognized horPDPN protein using Western blotting. Furthermore, PMab-219 strongly stained CHO/horPDPN via immunohistochemistry. These findings suggest that PMab-219 is useful for investigating the function of horPDPN. 相似文献
19.
Yukinari Kato Yoshikazu Furusawa Shinji Yamada Shunsuke Itai Junko Takei Masato Sano Mika K. Kaneko 《Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports》2019
Podoplanin (PDPN) is known as a lymphatic endothelial cell marker. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against human, mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, cat, bovine, pig, and horse PDPN have been established in our previous studies. However, mAbs against alpaca PDPN (aPDPN), required for immunohistochemical analysis, remain to be developed. In the present study, we employed the Cell-Based Immunization and Screening (CBIS) method for producing anti-aPDPN mAbs. We immunized mice with aPDPN-overexpressing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells (CHO/aPDPN), and hybridomas producing mAbs against aPDPN were screened using flow cytometry. One of the mAbs, PMab-225 (IgG2b, kappa), specifically detected CHO/aPDPN cells via flow cytometry and recognized the aPDPN protein on Western blotting. Further, PMab-225 strongly stained lung type I alveolar cells, colon lymphatic endothelial cells, and kidney podocytes via immunohistochemistry. These findings demonstrate that PMab-225 antibody is useful to investigate the function of aPDPN via different techniques. 相似文献
20.
Yoshikazu Furusawa Shinji Yamada Shunsuke Itai Takuro Nakamura Junko Takei Masato Sano Hiroyuki Harada Masato Fukui Mika K. Kaneko Yukinari Kato 《Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports》2019
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against not only human, mouse, and rat but also rabbit, dog, cat, bovine, pig, and horse podoplanins (PDPNs) have been established in our previous studies. PDPN is used as a lymphatic endothelial cell marker in pathological diagnoses. However, mAbs against Tasmanian devil PDPN (tasPDPN), which are useful for immunohistochemical analysis, remain to be developed. Herein, mice were immunized with tasPDPN-overexpressing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 (CHO/tasPDPN) cells, and hybridomas producing mAbs against tasPDPN were screened using flow cytometry. One of the mAbs, PMab-233 (IgG1, kappa), specifically detected CHO/tasPDPN cells by flow cytometry and recognized tasPDPN protein by western blotting. Furthermore, PMab-233 strongly detected CHO/tasPDPN cells by immunohistochemistry. These findings suggest that PMab-233 may be useful as a lymphatic endothelial cell marker of the Tasmanian devil. 相似文献