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61.
Gender and estrous cycle influences on behavioral and neurochemical alterations in adult rats neonatally administered ketamine
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Vládia Célia Moreira Borella Mary V. Seeman Rafaela Carneiro Cordeiro Júnia Vieira dos Santos Marcos Romário Matos de Souza Ethel Nunes de Sousa Fernandes Aline Santos Monte Silvânia Maria Mendes Vasconcelos John P. Quinn David F. de Lucena André F. Carvalho Danielle Macêdo 《Developmental neurobiology》2016,76(5):519-532
Neonatal N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor blockade in rodents triggers schizophrenia (SCZ)‐like alterations during adult life. SCZ is influenced by gender in age of onset, premorbid functioning, and course. Estrogen, the hormone potentially driving the gender differences in SCZ, is known to present neuroprotective effects such as regulate oxidative pathways and the expression of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Thus, the aim of this study was to verify if differences in gender and/or estrous cycle phase during adulthood would influence the development of behavioral and neurochemical alterations in animals neonatally administered ketamine. The results showed that ketamine‐treated male (KT‐male) and female‐in‐diestrus (KTF‐diestrus, the low estrogen phase) presented significant deficits in prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex and spatial working memory, two behavioral SCZ endophenotypes. On the contrary, female ketamine‐treated rats during proestrus (KTF‐proestrus, the high estradiol phase) had no behavioral alterations. This correlated with an oxidative imbalance in the hippocampus (HC) of both male and KTF‐diestrus female rats, that is, decreased levels of GSH and increased levels of lipid peroxidation and nitrite. Similarly, BDNF was decreased in the KTF‐diestrus rats while no alterations were observed in KTF‐proestrus and male animals. The changes in the HC were in contrast to those in the prefrontal cortex in which only increased levels of nitrite in all groups studied were observed. Thus, there is a gender difference in the adult rat HC in response to ketamine neonatal administration, which is based on the estrous cycle. This is discussed in relation to neuropsychiatric conditions and in particular SCZ. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 76: 519–532, 2016 相似文献
62.
Relation between Aeromonas and faecal coliforms in fresh waters 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Rosa M. Araujo Rosa M. Arribas Francisco Lucena Ramon Pares 《Journal of applied microbiology》1989,67(2):213-217
A possible correlation between the presence of mesophilic aeromonads and the number of faecal coliforms present in three fresh-water habitats subject to differing levels of faecal pollution was investigated. Concentration of Aeromonas spp. between 102 –109 cfu/100 ml and faecal coliforms of between 9–107 cfu/100 ml were found in the waters. In water free from faecal pollution there was no correlation but in polluted waters there was a significant relationship between the numbers of aeromonads, faecal coliform and the concentration of organic matter measured by biological oxygen demand. 相似文献
63.
Blanch AR Galofré B Lucena F Terradillos A Vilanova X Ribas F 《Journal of applied microbiology》2007,103(3):711-721
AIMS: To compare the bacterial coliforms detected from occurrences in three zones of a water distribution system supplied by two separate water sources. METHODS AND RESULTS: Conventional and standardized protocols for identifying enterobacterial populations were applied. Additional tests to confirm isolates were included. Analyses of diversity and population similarity were performed using the Phene Plate System, a miniaturized biochemical phenotyping method. Isolates were identified by the API 20E system in tandem with biochemical phenotyping. A total of 16 576 samples were taken from the water distribution system, with 1416 isolates analysed. A low number of coliform occurrences were observed (2%). Escherichia coli was not detected in either water origin or in Zone 2 samples; however, in Zones 1 and 3 a low number of cases of E. coli were recorded. The percentages of E. coli depended on the identification criteria. Eight biochemical profiles for coliform populations were defined according to the results of the confirmative tests. There was a high diversity among these populations in the three zones studied, although no significant variations in their composition (associated with occurrences in the different zones) were observed. Klebsiella oxytoca was the most commonly detected species irrespective of zone, although seven other enterobacterial genera were also found. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of the enzymatic activity of beta-glucuronidase or application of the criteria established in the norm ISO 9308-1, in tandem with thermotolerance was needed to evaluate the occurrence of E. coli in the distribution systems. Detected occurrences of bacterial coliforms could be associated with re-growth patterns for specific sampling points in the distribution system. Seasonal differences, independent of the studied zones, were observed. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Biochemical phenotyping of bacterial coliforms was shown to be a useful method on the characterization of occurrences in water distribution systems. 相似文献
64.
Moraes CS Lucena SA Moreira BH Brazil RP Gontijo NF Genta FA 《Journal of insect physiology》2012,58(8):1136-1145
The sandfly Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz and Neiva, 1912) is the main vector of American Visceral Leishmaniasis. In spite of its medical importance and several studies concerning adult digestive physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology, very few studies have been carried out to elucidate the digestion in sandfly larvae. Even the breeding sites and food sources of these animals in the field are largely uncharacterized. In this paper, we describe and characterize several carbohydrases from the gut of L. longipalpis larvae, and show that they are probably not acquired from food. The enzyme profile of this insect is consistent with the digestion of fungal and bacterial cells, which were proved to be ingested by larvae under laboratory conditions. In this respect, sandfly larvae might have a detritivore habit in nature, being able to exploit microorganisms usually encountered in the detritus as a food source. 相似文献
65.
Teresa Lucena María A. Ruvira David R. Arahal M. Carmen Macián María J. Pujalte 《Systematic and applied microbiology》2012,35(7):427-431
Two new Vibrio species, Vibrio aestivus and Vibrio quintilis, are described after a polyphasic characterization of strains M22T, M61 and M62T, isolated from seawater collected off a beach on the East coast of Spain (Valencia). All three strains are Gram negative, mesophilic, slightly halophilic, fermentative rods. V. aestivus (M22T = CECT 7558T = CAIM 1861T = KCTC 23860T and M61 = CECT 7559 = CAIM 1862 = KCTC 23861) is oxidase positive, reduces nitrates to nitrites, is negative for Voges Proskauer, arginine dihydrolase and indole and non hydrolytic on most substrates tested. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of M22T and M61 are most similar to Vibrio marisflavi (97.1–97.2%) but phylogenetic analysis using NJ, MP and ML methods display Vibrio stylophorae (96.2% similarity) as sibling species. The three species form a deep clade in the genus Vibrio. Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) values, determined as a measure of overall genomic resemblance, confirmed that strains M22T and M61 are members of the same species, different to V. marisflavi CECT 7928T.V. quintilis (M62T = CECT 7734T = CAIM 1863T = KCTC 23833T) is aerogenic, arginine dihydrolase and Voges Proskauer positive, oxidase negative and unable to reduce nitrate, traits shared by most species in the Gazogenes clade. It is unpigmented and does not grow on TCBS Agar. 16S rRNA gene similarities to its nearest species, Vibrio aerogenes and Vibrio mangrovi, are 97.6% and 96.0% respectively. Strain M62T and V. aerogenes CECT 7868T display ANI values well below the 95% boundary for genomic species. 相似文献
66.
Aims: To determine relative to faecal coliforms (FC) and sulfite-reducing clostridia (SRC), the environmental persistence of natural populations of Bifidobacterium spp. enumerated by culturing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR).
Methods and Results: Dialysis tubing containing river supplemented with overnight cultures of Bifidobacterium adolescentis (BA) and Bifidobacterium dentium (BD) or urban wastewater were suspended in a river for up to 10 days. At intervals, the contents of each dialysis tube were assayed using q-PCR assays for BA and BD, and selective culture media for FC, SRC, total bifidobacteria (TB), sorbitol-fermenting bifidobacteria (SFB) and cultivable BA. Mean summer T90 values were 251 h for SRC, 92 h for FC, 48 h for BA and BD by q-PCR, and 9 h for TB.
Conclusions: Bifidobacterium spp. was the population with the lowest persistence, showing seasonal differences in T90 when measured by culture techniques or by q-PCR. This difference in relative persistence is because of a longer persistence of molecular targets than cultivable cells.
Significance and Impact of the Study: The persistence of a viable bifidobacteria cells is shorter, but the longest persistence of molecular targets. This factor could be used for origin the faecal pollution in water for the development of microbial source tracking (MST). 相似文献
Methods and Results: Dialysis tubing containing river supplemented with overnight cultures of Bifidobacterium adolescentis (BA) and Bifidobacterium dentium (BD) or urban wastewater were suspended in a river for up to 10 days. At intervals, the contents of each dialysis tube were assayed using q-PCR assays for BA and BD, and selective culture media for FC, SRC, total bifidobacteria (TB), sorbitol-fermenting bifidobacteria (SFB) and cultivable BA. Mean summer T
Conclusions: Bifidobacterium spp. was the population with the lowest persistence, showing seasonal differences in T
Significance and Impact of the Study: The persistence of a viable bifidobacteria cells is shorter, but the longest persistence of molecular targets. This factor could be used for origin the faecal pollution in water for the development of microbial source tracking (MST). 相似文献
67.
Esther Zumaquero Marién Cobo Gema Lucena Esther J. Pavón Ana Martín Pilar Navarro 《Experimental cell research》2010,316(16):2692-3478
Exosome vesicles of endocytic origin are involved in communication between tumor and immune cells. In addition, membrane rafts (MR) may support the sorting of proteins associated with exosomes. CD38 is found at the plasma membrane and in recycling endosomes, which are both redistributed toward the immunological synapse (IS) upon T cell antigen receptor (TCR) engagement. The data of this study provide evidence that CD38 is expressed on the surface of secreted exosomes derived from lymphoblastoid B cells. Exosomic CD38 is associated with the signaling molecules CD81, Hsc-70 and Lyn. Likewise, in MR, CD38 is associated with CD81, CD19, Lyn, Gαi-2, Hsc-70 and actin. Therefore, a high degree of overlap in the pattern of signaling proteins associated with CD38 in exosomes and MR exists. Exosomic and MR CD38, by virtue of these interactions, have signaling potential. Indeed, CD38 is enzymatically active in both exosomes and MR, and CD38 ligation induces Akt/PKB and Erk activation, which is accompanied by increased translocation of CD38 into MR. In conclusion, the present study indicates that CD38 localizes to MR, where it promotes cell signaling, and it is exported out of the cells through the exosome-mediated exocytic pathway, where it may act as an intercellular messenger. 相似文献
68.
Occurrence of bacterial indicators and bacteriophages infecting enteric bacteria in groundwater in different geographical areas 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lucena F Ribas F Duran AE Skraber S Gantzer C Campos C Morón A Calderón E Jofre J 《Journal of applied microbiology》2006,101(1):96-102
AIMS: The aim of this research was to determine the suitability of coliphages (bacteriophages) for assessing the microbial quality of groundwater. METHODS AND RESULTS: The number of several bacterial indicators (faecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, enterococci and spores of sulfite-reducing clostridia) and bacteriophages (somatic coliphages, F-specific RNA bacteriophages and bacteriophages infecting Bacteroides fragilis) were determined in groundwater of aquifers in various geographical areas. Results show that the relative abundance, determined as percentages of positive detections, of the bacterial indicators and bacteriophages varies depending on the aquifer. CONCLUSIONS: A single bacterial indicator may not be enough to assess microbiological quality in certain aquifers. One bacterial indicator and a bacteriophage parameter provide more information than two bacterial indicators. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Coliphages (CPH) provide different information from that provided by bacterial indicators on the microbial quality of groundwater in different geographical areas. Easy, fast and inexpensive methods for the detection of CPH are feasible in both industrialized and developing countries. 相似文献
69.
A method based on the treatment of sludge with beef extract recovered, with similar efficiency, the three groups of bacteriophages studied from different kinds of sludges. The three groups of bacteriophages were found in high numbers in the different sludge types, the highest value being that of somatic coliphages in primary sludge of a biological treatment plant (1.1 x 10(5) pfu g-1) and the lowest being that of Bacteroides fragilis phages (110 pfu g-1) in de-watered, anaerobically, mesophilically-digested sludge. All phages studied accumulated in the sludges. In primary and activated sludges, all three types accumulated similarly but in lime-treated sludge and de-watered, anaerobically, mesophilically-digested sludge, the relative proportion of F-specific bacteriophages decreased significantly with respect to somatic coliphages and bacteriophages infecting B. fragilis. All phages survived successfully in stored sludge, depending on the temperature, and again, F-specific bacteriophages survived less successfully than the others. 相似文献
70.
Fontella FU Vendite DA Tabajara AS Porciúncula LO da Silva Torres IL Jardim FM Martini L Souza DO Netto CA Dalmaz C 《Neurochemical research》2004,29(9):1703-1709
Glutamatergic mechanisms are thought to be involved in stress-induced changes of brain function, especially in the hippocampus. We hypothesized that alterations caused by the hormonal changes associated with chronic and acute stress may affect glutamate uptake and release from hippocampal synaptosomes in Wistar rats. It was found that [3H]glutamate uptake and release by hippocampal nerve endings, when measured 24 h after 1 h of acute restraint, presented no significant difference. The exposure to repeated restraint stress for 40 days increased neuronal presynaptic [3H]glutamate uptake as well as basal and K+-stimulated glutamate release when measured 24 h after the last stress session. Chronic treatment also caused a significant decrease in [3H]glutamate binding to hippocampal membranes. We suggest that changes in the glutamatergic system are likely to take part in the mechanisms involved in nervous system plasticity following repeated stress exposure. 相似文献