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991.
Hervé Chneiweiss François Hirsch Lluis Montoliu Albrecht M. Müller Solveig Fenet Marion Abecassis Jennifer Merchant Bernard Baertschi Mylène Botbol-Baum James A. Houghton Mihalis Kritikos Janet Mifsud Ewa Bartnik Johannes Rath Christiane Druml Bärbel Friedrich Ana Sofia Carvalho Dirk Lanzerath Agnès Saint-Raymond 《Transgenic research》2017,26(5):709-713
In this consensus paper resulting from a meeting that involved representatives from more than 20 European partners, we recommend the foundation of an expert group (European Steering Committee) to assess the potential benefits and draw-backs of genome editing (off-targets, mosaicisms, etc.), and to design risk matrices and scenarios for a responsible use of this promising technology. In addition, this European steering committee will contribute in promoting an open debate on societal aspects prior to a translation into national and international legislation. 相似文献
992.
Trypanosoma cruzi has many molecules that need metallic elements to work, allowing cell invasion and the establishment of infection, causing Chagas disease. Nonetheless, knowledge regarding how the parasites address metals and maintain homeostasis is lacking. To study this relationship, zinc, cadmium and mercury were chosen. Epimastigote, trypomastigote and intracellular forms of T. cruzi were incubated with these metals for different times and at different concentrations. In general, epimastigotes were the most sensitive and trypomastigotes the most resistant to metals. ZnCl2 induced low toxic effects to all parasite forms. Although the parasites were very sensitive to the toxic effects of CdCl2 and HgCl2, pretreatment with ZnCl2 decreased the death rate. The trypomastigotes pretreated with CdCl2 were unable to infect the host cells, and the treated intracellular forms were damaged after 2 h of incubation, when the toxic effects were poorly reverted. New insights on metal toxicity mechanisms are provided, helping to understand how metallic ions influence the parasite’s biochemical and physiological processes. 相似文献
993.
994.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of a chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) and linseed (Linum usitatissimum) saliva substitute in the relief of xerostomia in elders 下载免费PDF全文
995.
Diego Grasel Barbosa Rubian Diego Andrade Manoella de Oliveira Santos Raísa Carvalho Da Silva Thaís Silva Beltrame Érico Pereira Gomes Felden 《Chronobiology international》2017,34(7):895-902
The objective of the present study was to verify the agreement between objective and subjective measures of sleep in people with and without visual impairment. Thirty-seven subjects with visual impairment participated in the study (19 blind without light perception and 18 low-vision), as well as 34 subjects with normal vision, with paired age and gender characteristics. For the subjective sleep evaluation, we used the Sleep Quality Index—PSQI and for the objective evaluation we used the ActiGraph GT3X+. Among the three analyzed groups, the blind was the only ones who presented differences between subjective and objective sleep duration (p = 0.021). Furthermore, the concordance between subjective and objective sleep duration (ICC = 0.388; p = 0.108) was not observed in blind subjects, and a greater variability of differences in sleep duration between the two methods was observed by the Bland Altman scatter plot. We concluded that the sleep duration obtained by PSQI did not show agreement for the objective sleep duration in blind subjects without light perception. 相似文献
996.
Daniel Ruivo Marques Ana Allen Gomes Lee Di Milia Maria Helena Pinto de Azevedo 《Chronobiology international》2017,34(3):403-410
Morningness is a trait-like variable which has been extensively studied within chronobiology. Despite the number of existing measures to assess morningness, there is a need for brief instruments that are psychometrically sound to be used in applied settings. Accordingly, the modified version of the Preferences Scale (PS-6) comprises six items and was reported to have adequate reliability and satisfactory validity indicators. In this article, the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the PS-6 are reported. A total of 700 students attending medical school were recruited, and this sample was randomly divided into two groups. In the first group (n = 352), we assessed the internal consistency calculations and conducted a principal component analysis of the posited structure. In the second group (n = 348), we conducted a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using structural equation modeling. Overall, the results indicated that the PS-6 has adequate reliability (α = .75) and is constituted by two components: (I) preferred cognitive activities timings and (II) preferred sleeping–eating timings, respectively. In conclusion, the Portuguese version of the PS seems suitable for use in research and applied settings such as shift work schedules management. However, the applicability of the PS-6 in other samples and further validity indicators should be both investigated. The use of actigraphy and biological measures should also be collected to enhance the robustness of the PS-6. 相似文献
997.
Samuel de Carvalho Andrade Nilza Maria Martinelli Guilherme D. Rossi Daniel J. Andrade 《Journal of Insect Behavior》2017,30(3):300-307
The giant cicada, Quesada gigas (Olivier) (Hemiptera: Cicadidae), is an important coffee pest and information about the behavior and reproduction of this species, e.g. emergence, senescence and ovarian maturation status, can be valuable to understand giant cicada ecology and to improve the use of a sound trap as a control method. A great number of Q. gigas adult males and females was captured using a sound trap and a protandrous type of emergence possibly associated with chorus centers formation was observed. All giant cicadas collected until 14–15 days after the beginning of male emergence (DAME) had immature ovaries at two different years of evaluation. On the other hand, the majority of cicadas collected from 20 until 48 DAME had mature ovaries with visible chorionated oocytes. Despite the use of the sound trap to collect insects for ecological studies, we believe that next generations of Q. gigas can be reduced by using this sound trap to hinder the formation of giant cicada chorus centers, to reduce male availability to copulate with females and to reduce the number of females to oviposit in coffee plants. 相似文献
998.
Luis V. Portela Andressa W. Brochier Clarissa B. Haas Afonso Kopczynski de Carvalho Jussania A. Gnoato Eduardo R. Zimmer Eduardo Kalinine Luc Pellerin Alexandre P. Muller 《Molecular neurobiology》2017,54(8):5807-5814
Hyperpalatable diets (HP) impair brain metabolism, and regular physical exercise has an apparent opposite effect. Here, we combined a prior long-term exposure to HP diet followed by physical exercise and evaluated the impact on some neuroenergetic components and on cognitive performance. We assessed the extracellular lactate concentration, expression of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), and mitochondrial function in the hippocampus. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed 4 months with HP or a control diet. Subsequently, they were divided in the following groups: control diet sedentary (CDS), control diet exercise (CDE), HP diet sedentary (HPS), and HP diet exercise (HPE) (n = 15 per group) and were engaged for an additional 30-day period of voluntary exercise and HP diet. Relative to the control situation, exercise increased MCT1, MCT4, and PDH protein levels, while the HP diet increased MCT1 and MCT4 protein levels. The production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the mitochondrial membrane potential (??m) stimulated by succinate in hippocampal homogenates were not significantly different between groups. ADP phosphorylation and the maximal respiratory rate induced by FCCP showed similar responses between groups, implying a normal mitochondrial function. Also, extracellular brain lactate levels were increased in the HPE group compared to other groups soon after performing the Y-maze task. However, such enhanced lactate levels were not associated with improved memory performance. In summary, hippocampal protein expression levels of MCT1 and 4 were increased by physical exercise and HP diet, whereas PDH was only increased by exercise. These observations indicate that a hippocampal metabolic reprogramming takes place in response to these environmental factors. 相似文献
999.
Plant defense against leaf herbivory based on metal accumulation: examples from a tropical high altitude ecosystem 下载免费PDF全文
Sérvio P. Ribeiro Vinícius Londe Amauri P. Bueno Juliana S. Barbosa Tatiana L. Corrêa Tatiana Soeltl Márcia Maia Victor D. Pinto Grazieli de França Dueli Hildeberto Caldas de Sousa Alessandra R. Kozovits Hermínio A. Nalini Jr. 《Plant Species Biology》2017,32(2):147-155
Species that evolved in high‐altitude grasslands, where soils are dystrophic and metal rich, developed adaptations for these extreme conditions, such as metal accumulation and sclerophyllous leaves, and these adaptations may secondarily affect insect herbivory activity. The present study investigates the hypothesis that costs related to accumulation of certain metals may be evolutionarily compensated for by decreasing leaf herbivory in some plant species from rupestrian fields. Studies were conducted in different locations at the Ferriferous Quadrangle, a metal‐rich region in south‐east Brazil, with four species adapted to high‐altitude grasslands: Eremanthus erythropappus, Eremanthus incanus, Lychnophora ericoides and Byrsonima variabilis. Sample design varied according to population sizes and spatial distribution of individuals. We found that concentrations of manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) significantly reduced the herbivory in the leaves of E. erythroppapus and E. incanus, whereas aluminum (Al) reduced herbivory in L. ericoides, and Mn affected negatively the herbivory in B. variabilis. These results support the hypothesis that metal‐accumulating plants, as a response to the harsh environment in which they evolved, are protected against foliar damage caused by insect herbivores in rupestrian fields. 相似文献
1000.
Figueiredo Douglas B. Carvalho Eneas Santos Mauricio P. Kraschowetz Stefanie Zanardo Rafaela T. Campani Gilson Silva Gabriel G. Sargo Cíntia R. Horta Antonio Carlos L. de C. Giordano Roberto Miyaji Eliane N. Zangirolami Teresa C. Cabrera-Crespo Joaquin Gonçalves Viviane Maimoni 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2017,101(6):2305-2317
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - Streptococcus pneumoniae is the main cause of pneumonia, meningitis, and other conditions that kill thousands of children every year worldwide. The... 相似文献