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121.
122.
Diana M. Shih Zeneng Wang Richard Lee Yonghong Meng Nam Che Sarada Charugundla Hannah Qi Judy Wu Calvin Pan J. Mark Brown Thomas Vallim Brian J. Bennett Mark Graham Stanley L. Hazen Aldons J. Lusis 《Journal of lipid research》2015,56(1):22-37
We performed silencing and overexpression studies of flavin containing monooxygenase (FMO) 3 in hyperlipidemic mouse models to examine its effects on trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels and atherosclerosis. Knockdown of hepatic FMO3 in LDL receptor knockout mice using an antisense oligonucleotide resulted in decreased circulating TMAO levels and atherosclerosis. Surprisingly, we also observed significant decreases in hepatic lipids and in levels of plasma lipids, ketone bodies, glucose, and insulin. FMO3 overexpression in transgenic mice, on the other hand, increased hepatic and plasma lipids. Global gene expression analyses suggested that these effects of FMO3 on lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis may be mediated through the PPARα and Kruppel-like factor 15 pathways. In vivo and in vitro results were consistent with the concept that the effects were mediated directly by FMO3 rather than trimethylamine/TMAO; in particular, overexpression of FMO3 in the human hepatoma cell line, Hep3B, resulted in significantly increased glucose secretion and lipogenesis. Our results indicate a major role for FMO3 in modulating glucose and lipid homeostasis in vivo, and they suggest that pharmacologic inhibition of FMO3 to reduce TMAO levels would be confounded by metabolic interactions. 相似文献
123.
Han Xu Xubin Pan Yun Song Ying Huang Minmin Sun Shuifang Zhu 《Biodiversity and Conservation》2014,23(10):2637-2643
Alien species are brought into countries world wide on a massive scale for agricultural production, ex situ conservation, landscape aesthetics, gardens, and ecosystem restoration. Unfortunately, some of these species have escaped and adversely impacted on regional as well as global biodiversity conservation and agricultural production. To reduce such risks, it is necessary to implement specific and effective measures. Since various government departments and institutions are involved in the management of alien species, it is difficult to prevent native and agroecosystems from being invaded by invited species. We propose the establishment of a supervision and inspection continuum over intentional species introduction, similar to that which exists in some countries over unintentional species introductions. Namely, a justification of the necessity to import, a risk assessment, assurances as to provision of an adequate containment facility assessment, and a damage-limitation protocol should that need to be invoked. These requirements should be satisfied before an alien species is knowingly imported, and the necessary follow-up supervision is important post- importation. 相似文献
124.
Yang HC Lin CH Hsu CL Hung SI Wu JY Pan WH Chen YT Fann CS 《Journal of biomedical science》2006,13(4):489-498
Summary Genetic dissection of complex diseases is both important and challenging. The human major histocompatibility complex is involved in many human diseases and genetic mechanisms. This highly polymorphic chromosome region has been extensively studied in Caucasians but not as well in Asians. Thus, we compared genotypic distributions, linkage disequilibria and haplotype blocks between Caucasian and Taiwan’s Han Chinese populations. Moreover, we investigated the population admixture and phylogenetic system in Han Chinese residing in Taiwan. The results show that Taiwan’s Han Chinese differ drastically in genotypic information compared with Caucasians but are relatively homogeneous among the three major ethnic subgroups, Minnan, Hakka and Mainlanders. Differences in allele frequency (AF) between Taiwanese and Caucasians in some disease-associated loci may reveal clues to differences in disease prevalence. The results of ethnic heterogeneity imply that public databases should be used with caution in cases where the study population(s) differs from the population characterized in the database. The high homogeneity we observed among the Taiwanese subpopulations mitigates the possibility of spurious association caused by ignoring population stratification in Taiwanese disease gene association studies. These results are useful for understanding our genetic background and designing future disease gene mapping studies.Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at and is accessible for authorized users. 相似文献
125.
Dandan Liang Lixiao Zhen Tianyou Yuan Jian Huang Fangfei Deng Wuyahan Hong Zhang Lei Pan Yi Liu Erlinda The Zuoren Yu Weidong Zhu Yuzhen Zhang Li Li Luying Peng Jun Li Yi-Han Chen 《PloS one》2014,9(7)
microRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in cardiogenesis. The altered expression of miRNAs can result in cardiac malformations by inducing abnormalities in the behavior of cardiac cells. However, the role of miR-10a in the regulation of cardiomyocyte progenitor cells (CMPCs) remains undetermined. In the present study, we found that up- or down-regulation of miR-10a inhibited or promoted the proliferation of human CMPCs, respectively, without affecting their differentiation toward cardiomyocytes. miR-10a bound to GATA6 directly and reduced GATA6 expression. Over-expression of GATA6 greatly attenuated the miR-10a-mediated inhibitory effect on the proliferation of human CMPCs. Thus, our results indicate that miR-10a could effectively modulate the proliferation of human CMPCs by targeting GATA6. The finding provides novel insights into the potency of miR-10a during heart development. 相似文献
126.
本实验用fura-2 荧光技术研究离体鼠心缺氧期间心肌细胞内游离钙浓度(Ca^2+)增加的机制。实验结果为:(1)Krebs-Henseleit(K-H)液缺氧灌流离体鼠心脏引起(Ca^2+)先慢后快地增国(2)无钙液氧灌流,仍能引起(Ca蓿玻黾印#ǎ常┖ǎǎ保薄粒保埃蓿担恚铮欤蹋┑模耍纫喝毖豕嗔鳎ǎ茫幔蓿玻┑谋浠嗨莆薷埔喝毖豕嗔鳎伊秸咭鸬模ǎ茫幔蓿玻┰黾樱飨缘陀? 相似文献
127.
Dexing Ma Chunli Ma Long Pan Guangxing Li Jinghong Yang Jiehua Hong Haofan Cai Xiaofeng Ren 《Experimental parasitology》2011,(1):208-214
Eimeria acervulina 3-1E antigen gene and mature chicken interleukin 15 (mChIL-15) gene were cloned into expression vector pcDNA3.1(+) in different forms, produced DNA vaccine pcDNA3.1-3-1E, and pcDNA3.1-3-1E-linker-mChIL-15 co-expressing E. acervulina 3-1E gene and mChIL-15 gene, respectively. The expression of objective gene in vitro was detected by indirect fluorescent antibody technique and immunohistochemistry. The two DNA vaccines were administered by intramuscular leg injection. An animal challenge experiment was carried out to evaluate the immune protective efficacy of the vaccines. The results indicated that DNA vaccines were successfully constructed and the expression of objective gene could be detected in vitro. The animal experimental results showed that both DNA vaccines could provide partial protection against homologous challenge in chickens. The chimeric DNA vaccine, pcDNA3.1-3-1E-linker-mChIL-15, could significantly increase oocyst decrease ratio, reduce the average lesion score in the duodenum, improve body weight gain, and increase anti-coccidial index (ACI) compared to the DNA vaccine pcDNA3.1-3-1E. Taken together, these results demonstrate ChIL-15 enhance the immunogenicity of 3-1E DNA vaccine, and co-expression of cytokine and optimized surface antigen of Eimeria may be a promising method to enhance immunogenicity of DNA vaccines in poultry. 相似文献
128.
Xu J Zheng HJ Liu L Pan ZC Prior P Tang B Xu JS Zhang H Tian Q Zhang LQ Feng J 《Journal of bacteriology》2011,193(16):4261-4262
Ralstonia solanacearum strain Po82, a phylotype IIB/sequevar 4 strain, was found to be pathogenic to both solanaceous plants and banana. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Po82 and its comparison with seven published R. solanacearum genomes. 相似文献
129.
Chi Zhang Hanqin Tian Shufen Pan Mingliang Liu Graeme Lockaby Erik B. Schilling John Stanturf 《Ecosystems》2008,11(8):1211-1222
Forest regrowth after cropland abandonment and urban sprawl are two counteracting processes that have influenced carbon (C)
sequestration in the southeastern United States in recent decades. In this study, we examined patterns of land-use/land-cover
change and their effect on ecosystem C storage in three west Georgia counties (Muscogee, Harris, and Meriwether) that form
a rural–urban gradient. Using time series Landsat imagery data including MSS for 1974, TM for 1983 and 1991, and ETM for 2002,
we estimate that from 1974 to 2002, urban land use in the area has increased more than 380% (that is, 184 km2). Most newly urbanized land (63%) has been converted from forestland. Conversely, cropland and pasture area has decreased
by over 59% (that is, 380 km2). Most of the cropland area was converted to forest. As a result, the net change in forest area was small over the past 29
years. Based on Landsat imagery and agricultural census records, we reconstructed an annual gridded data set of land-cover
change for the three counties for the period 1850 to 2002. These data sets were then used as input to the Terrestrial Ecosystem
Model (TEM) to simulate land-use effects on C fluxes and storage for the study area. Simulated results suggest that C uptake
by forest regrowth (approximately 23.0 g C m−2 y−1) was slightly greater than the amount of C released due to deforestation (approximately 18.4 g C m−2 y−1), thus making the three counties a weak C sink. However, the relative importance of different deforestation processes in
this area changed significantly through time. Although agricultural deforestation was generally the most important C-release
process, the amount of C release attributable to urbanization has increased over time. Since 1990, urbanization has accounted
for 29% of total C loss from the study area. We conclude that balancing urban development and forest protection is critically
important for C management and policy making in the southeastern United States. 相似文献
130.