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991.
Romana?Farooq Lisa-Marie?EmersonEmail author Sue?Keoghan Marios?Adamou 《Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders》2016,8(2):113-119
There is increasing evidence suggesting a link between ADHD and criminality, including a strong association between ADHD symptoms and the likelihood of being on probation or in prison. Most studies investigating the prevalence of ADHD in prison populations have focused on adult male offenders. In the current study, 69 female prisoners were screened for both childhood and adult ADHD symptoms using the Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scale-IV. The results indicate that 41 % of the prisoners met the diagnostic criteria for ADHD in childhood and continued to meet criteria for ADHD as adults. More importantly, young female prisoners (aged 18–25) were significantly more likely to report symptoms of ADHD than older prisoners. Prisoners who reported symptoms of ADHD also reported high levels of impairment associated with these symptoms. A better understanding of the prevalence of ADHD in female prison units can highlight specific areas for intervention during rehabilitation, as well as the management of serious incidents within prison. 相似文献
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993.
Gareth S. Parry Sue Burton Bethan Cox Dan W. Forman 《European Journal of Wildlife Research》2011,57(3):485-494
The importance of the marine environment to Eurasian otters is currently poorly understood. Wales is one of the few countries
where coastal activity has been recorded and an increase in marine otter sightings could indicate remarkable developments
within Welsh populations. The trophic niche of coastal otter populations around Pembrokeshire was investigated over a 12-month
period. Marine activity was more widespread than previously thought and marine prey formed the largest component of otter
diet, although, otters also consumed freshwater and terrestrial prey throughout the year. Otter diet was very diverse compared
to other European coastal populations and a spring contraction in trophic niche width coincided with the estimated timing
of breeding activity. Seasonal variation in prey composition was predominantly due to differences in the consumption of alternate
prey types. In areas where wetlands are fragmented and populations of freshwater fish are declining, the marine environment
may become an increasingly important habitat for otters. It is necessary to define the historical importance of coastal populations
to otter conservation. Coastal areas are often subject to pressure from human activities, so the impact of disturbance needs
to be assessed. Importantly, there is no verified otter survey method for coastal areas, so the use of marine habitat is likely
to be underestimated. 相似文献
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995.
Hannah Froy Richard A. Phillips Andrew G. Wood Daniel H. Nussey Sue Lewis 《Ecology letters》2013,16(5):642-649
The processes driving age‐related variation in demographic rates are central to understanding population and evolutionary ecology. An increasing number of studies in wild vertebrates find evidence for improvements in reproductive performance traits in early adulthood, followed by senescent declines in later life. However, life history theory predicts that reproductive investment should increase with age as future survival prospects diminish, and that raised reproductive investment may have associated survival costs. These non‐mutually exclusive processes both predict an increase in breeding performance at the terminal breeding attempt. Here, we use a 30‐year study of wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans) to disentangle the processes underpinning age‐related variation in reproduction. Whilst highlighting the importance of breeding experience, we reveal senescent declines in performance are followed by a striking increase in breeding success and a key parental investment trait at the final breeding attempt. 相似文献
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The focus of the current work was to study how the geometric design of a single barbed monofilament suture effects its biomechanical behavior. Different cut angles and cut depths of barbs were prepared and tested in vitro for their tensile and tissue anchoring properties by means of a novel suture/tissue pullout test. Experiments were also performed using bovine tendon and porcine skin tissues. The experimental results revealed that since tendon tissue has a higher modulus than skin it needs a more rigid barb to penetrate and anchor the surrounding tissue. A cut angle of 150° and a cut depth of 0.18 mm are therefore recommended. On the other hand, for the softer skin tissue, a cut angle of 170° and a cut depth of 0.18 mm provides a more flexible barb that gives superior skin tissue anchoring. These findings confirm that the future development of barbed suture technology requires a detailed understanding of the biomechanical properties of the tissue in which they are to be used. This will lead to the future development of a range of tissue-specific barbed sutures. 相似文献
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The taste stimulus KCl is transduced in mudpuppy taste cellsby a voltage-sensitive K+ conductance on the apical membrane.Sour taste stimuli produce depolarizing receptor potentialsby blocking this conductance. 相似文献