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51.
Neurotransmitter stimulation of plasma membrane receptors stimulates salivary gland fluid secretion via a complex process that is determined by coordinated temporal and spatial regulation of several Ca2+ signaling processes as well as ion flux systems. Studies over the past four decades have demonstrated that Ca2+ is a critical factor in the control of salivary gland function. Importantly, critical components of this process have now been identified, including plasma membrane receptors, calcium channels, and regulatory proteins. The key event in activation of fluid secretion is an increase in intracellular [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]i) triggered by IP3-induced release of Ca2+ from ER via the IP3R. This increase regulates the ion fluxes required to drive vectorial fluid secretion. IP3Rs determine the site of initiation and the pattern of [Ca2+]i signal in the cell. However, Ca2+ entry into the cell is required to sustain the elevation of [Ca2+]i and fluid secretion. This Ca2+ influx pathway, store-operated calcium influx pathway (SOCE), has been studied in great detail and the regulatory mechanisms as well as key molecular components have now been identified. Orai1, TRPC1, and STIM1 are critical components of SOCE and among these, Ca2+ entry via TRPC1 is a major determinant of fluid secretion. The receptor-evoked Ca2+ signal in salivary gland acinar cells is unique in that it starts at the apical pole and then rapidly increases across the cell. The basis for the polarized Ca2+ signal can be ascribed to the polarized arrangement of the Ca2+ channels, transporters, and signaling proteins. Distinct localization of these proteins in the cell suggests compartmentalization of Ca2+ signals during regulation of fluid secretion. This chapter will discuss new concepts and findings regarding the polarization and control of Ca2+ signals in the regulation of fluid secretion. 相似文献
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Four different bacterial isolates obtained from a stable bacterial consortium were capable of utilizing pentachlorophenol
(PCP) as sole carbon and energy source. The consortium was developed by continuous enrichment in the chemostat. The degradation
of PCP by bacterial strain was preceded through an oxidative route as indicated by accumulation of tetrachloro-ρ-hydroquinone
and dichlorohydroquinone as determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Among the four isolates, Pseudomonas fluorescens exhibited maximum degradation capability and enzyme production. PCP-monooxygenase enzyme was extracted from culture extract
and fractionated by DEAE-cellulose ion exchange chromatography. The molecular weight of the enzyme, purified from Pseudomonas fluorescens, determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and gel filtration chromatography was
found to be 24,000 Da.
Received: 22 July 2002 / Accepted: 23 September 2002 相似文献
54.
Irfan A. Bhat Sivanarayanan T. B. Anjali Somal Sriti Pandey Mukesh K. Bharti Bibhudatta S. K. Panda Indu B. Megha Verma Anand J. Arvind Sonwane G. Sai Kumar Amarpal Vikash Chandra G. Taru Sharma 《Journal of cellular physiology》2019,234(3):2705-2718
This study was conducted to characterize canine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs); in vivo tracking in mice, and therapeutic evaluation in canine clinical paraplegia cases. Canine BMSCs were isolated, cultured, and characterized in vitro as per International Society for Cellular Therapy criteria, and successfully differentiated to chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic lineages. To demonstrate the homing property, the pGL4.51 vector that contained luciferase reporter gene was used to transfect BMSCs. Successfully transfected cells were injected around the skin wound in mice and in vivo imaging was done at 6, 12 and 24 hr post MSCs delivery. In vivo imaging revealed that transfected BMSCs migrated and concentrated predominantly toward the center of the wound. BMSCs were further evaluated for allogenic therapeutic potential in 44 clinical cases of spinal cord injuries (SCI) and compared with conventional therapy (control). Therapeutic potential as evaluated by different body reflexes and recovery score depicted significantly better results in stem cell-treated group compared to control group. In conclusion, allogenic canine BMSCs can serve as potent therapeutic candidate in cell-based therapies, especially for diseases like SCI, where the conventional medication is not so promising. 相似文献
55.
Indu S. Sawant Pallavi N. Wadkar Yogita R. Rajguru Nileema H. Mhaske Varsha P. Salunkhe S. D. Sawant 《Biocontrol Science and Technology》2016,26(7):964-979
A study was conducted to identify bacterial antagonists for biological control of anthracnose which is one of the economically important diseases of grapes. In India, it is caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Two hundred and ninety-three bacteria were isolated from the grape ecosystem of 43 spatially distant vineyards in peninsular India. Of these, 25 bacteria substantially inhibited the radial growth of C. gloeosporioides in in vitro studies and 18 bacteria significantly reduced infections in vivo. Of these 18 bacteria, 5 and 3 bacteria also significantly reduced percent disease index (PDI) of downy and powdery mildew diseases, respectively. These bacteria were labelled as strains, DR-38, DR-39, TL-171, DRo-198, TS-204, TS-205, and DR-219, and were identified as Bacillus species based on morphological and molecular characterisation. Aqueous suspensions of all these strains applied as foliar sprays at 1×108 cfu/ml on field grown vines significantly lowered the PDI and the AUDPC (area under disease progress curve) of anthracnose when compared with the untreated control, except DRo-198. Strains TS-204 and TL-171 recorded lower PDIs and AUDPC when compared with the other five strains, and TS-204 could effectively suppress ripe rot of berries, too, in vivo. Strains TS-204 and TL-171 are identified for biocontrol of anthracnose in grapes. 相似文献
56.
Sven Ruf Mahanandeesha Siddappa Hallur Nisha K. Anchan Indu N. Swamy Karthikai Raj Murugesan Sayantani Sarkar Lokesh Kananti Narasimhulu V.P. Rama Kishore Putta Shama Shaik Devaraj Venkatapura Chandrasekar Vishal Subhash Mane Sanjay Venkatachalapathi Kadnur Juluri Suresh Ravi Kanth Bhamidipati Manvi Singh Raghunadha Reddy Burri Rajendra Kristam Herman Schreuder Sridharan Rajagopal 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2018,28(5):922-925
Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) has been linked to obesity and diabetes. We have identified a novel nicotinamide (NA) analog, compound 12 that inhibited NNMT enzymatic activity and reduced the formation of 1-methyl-nicotinamide (MNA), the primary metabolite of NA by ~80% at 2?h when dosed in mice orally at 50?mg/kg. 相似文献
57.
Indu Jose Thoompumkal Krishnan Rehna Kumaraswamy Anbarasu 《Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)》2016,15(23):3251-3267
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59.
Comparison of the immunological properties of mammalian (rodent), bird,fish, amphibian (toad), and invertebrate (crab) metallothioneins 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary Immunoassays such as rocket immunoelectrophoresis, western dot blot hybridization, and competitive ELISA analysis were used to estimate and compare homology among fishes (several species), crab, toad, chicken and rodent metallothioneins. The relative abundance of tissue-specific metallothionein in catfish was highest in liver followed by kidney and pancreas like mammalian systems. Immunologically, considerable homology exists among fish metallothioneins, although the extent of homology differs to some extent. No homology was found between fish or chicken metallothioneins. The amphibian (toad) and invertebrate (crab) metallothioneins showed only partial homology with fish metallothioneins in antigenic determinants.Abbreviations MT
Metallothionein
- PBS
Phosphate Buffered Saline
- SDS
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
- PAGE
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
- ELISA
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- ME
2-Mercaptoethanol
- BSA
Bovine Serum Albumim 相似文献
60.