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排序方式: 共有265条查询结果,搜索用时 187 毫秒
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Beate Henrichfreise rea Schiefer Tanja Schneider Edith Nzukou Christina Poellinger Theo-Julian Hoffmann Kelly L. Johnston Katja Moelleken Imke Wiedemann Kenneth Pfarr Achim Hoerauf Hans Georg Sahl 《Molecular microbiology》2009,73(5):913-923
Cell division and cell wall biosynthesis in prokaryotes are driven by partially overlapping multiprotein machineries whose activities are tightly controlled and co-ordinated. So far, a number of protein components have been identified and acknowledged as essential for both fundamental cellular processes. Genes for enzymes of both machineries have been found in the genomes of the cell wall-less genera Chlamydia and Wolbachia , raising questions as to the functionality of the lipid II biosynthesis pathway and reasons for its conservation. We provide evidence on three levels that the lipid II biosynthesis pathway is indeed functional and essential in both genera: (i) fosfomycin, an inhibitor of MurA, catalysing the initial reaction in lipid II biosynthesis, has a detrimental effect on growth of Wolbachia cells; (ii) isolated cytoplasmic membranes from Wolbachia synthesize lipid II ex vivo ; and (iii) recombinant MraY and MurG from Chlamydia and Wolbachia exhibit in vitro activity, synthesizing lipid I and lipid II respectively. We discuss the hypothesis that the necessity for maintaining lipid II biosynthesis in cell wall-lacking bacteria reflects an essential role of the precursor in prokaryotic cell division. Our results also indicate that the lipid II pathway may be exploited as an antibacterial target for chlamydial and filarial infections. 相似文献
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264.
A combined data set of nuclear SSU rDNA, LSU rDNA, and mitochondrial SSU rDNA sequences was analyzed in order to examine the
relationships of the major clades of euascomycetes. Partial sequences of 14 ascomycetes were determined and aligned with the
corresponding sequences of 16 other ascomycetes retrieved from Genbank. The alignment was analyzed using maximum parsimony
(MP) and a Bayesian analysis with Markov chain Monte Carlo (B/MCMC). The classification based on single-gene studies is supported,
but the confidence is enhanced in the concatenated analysis. The monophyly of the superclass Leotiomyceta, which includes
all euascomycetes with inoperculate asci, is strongly supported. The polyphyly of ascolocularous fungi is supported. The group
is divided into two groups: the Dothideomycetes basal to all other Leotiomyceta and the Chaetothyriomycetes as sister-group
to Eurotiomycetes. The Lecanoromycetes appear as a monophyletic group with strong support and form a sister-group to the Chaetothyriomycetes/Eurotiomycetes
clade, but this lacks support. The Leotiomycetes and Sordariomycetes form a strongly supported sister-group. Alternative topologies
are tested using parametric bootstrapping; a basal position of the Eurotiomycetes and Leotiomycetes in the Leotiomyceta cannot
be rejected, while such a position can be rejected for Chaetothyriomycetes, Lecanoromycetes and Sordariomycetes. The character
evolution with regard to ascoma type, ascus type and ascoma-ontogeny is examined using MP and maximum likelihood (ML). While
it appears most likely that the ancestor of the inoperculate ascomycetes had apothecia and an ascohymenial ascoma-ontogeny
using MP methods, the ML approach shows that there is some uncertainty at the current state of knowledge. The improvement
of confidence of the combined data set in comparison with single-gene studies makes us confident that analyses with additional
data sets will further improve the confidence and eventually uncover the branching order of euascomycetes. 相似文献
265.
Gilda Grard Joseph N. Fair Deanna Lee Elizabeth Slikas Imke Steffen Jean-Jacques Muyembe Taylor Sittler Narayanan Veeraraghavan J. Graham Ruby Chunlin Wang Maria Makuwa Prime Mulembakani Robert B. Tesh Jonna Mazet Anne W. Rimoin Travis Taylor Bradley S. Schneider Graham Simmons Eric Delwart Nathan D. Wolfe Charles Y. Chiu Eric M. Leroy 《PLoS pathogens》2016,12(3)