全文获取类型
收费全文 | 13242篇 |
免费 | 851篇 |
国内免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
14101篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 23篇 |
2023年 | 53篇 |
2022年 | 171篇 |
2021年 | 253篇 |
2020年 | 148篇 |
2019年 | 223篇 |
2018年 | 337篇 |
2017年 | 268篇 |
2016年 | 478篇 |
2015年 | 669篇 |
2014年 | 795篇 |
2013年 | 874篇 |
2012年 | 1161篇 |
2011年 | 1137篇 |
2010年 | 713篇 |
2009年 | 573篇 |
2008年 | 868篇 |
2007年 | 745篇 |
2006年 | 686篇 |
2005年 | 612篇 |
2004年 | 628篇 |
2003年 | 501篇 |
2002年 | 404篇 |
2001年 | 363篇 |
2000年 | 341篇 |
1999年 | 230篇 |
1998年 | 92篇 |
1997年 | 82篇 |
1996年 | 52篇 |
1995年 | 52篇 |
1994年 | 40篇 |
1993年 | 30篇 |
1992年 | 83篇 |
1991年 | 56篇 |
1990年 | 44篇 |
1989年 | 48篇 |
1988年 | 28篇 |
1987年 | 28篇 |
1986年 | 24篇 |
1985年 | 23篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 15篇 |
1982年 | 13篇 |
1981年 | 12篇 |
1980年 | 12篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 15篇 |
1975年 | 14篇 |
1974年 | 11篇 |
1972年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
61.
62.
Weiwei Gong Xiaolin Wei Yujia Liang Guanyang Zou Ruying Hu Simin Deng Zhitong Zhang Jing Pan Bernard C. K. Choi Min Yu 《PloS one》2016,11(11)
Zhejiang province, China, has implemented a population based, real-time surveillance system that tracks acute cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) events since 2001. This study aimed to describe the system and report CVD incidence, mortality and case-fatality between urban and rural areas in Zhejiang in 2012. The surveillance system employs a stratified random sampling method covering all permanent residents of 30 counties/districts in Zhejiang. Acute CVD events such as coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke were defined, registered and reviewed based on the adapted MONICA (Monitoring Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease) definitions. Data were collected from health facilities, vital registries, supplementary surveys, and additional investigations, and were checked for data quality before input in the system. We calculated the rates and compared them by gender, age and region. In 2012, the incidence, mortality and case-fatality of total acute CVD events were 367.0 (CHD 59.1, stroke 307.9), 127.1 (CHD 43.3, stroke 83.8) per 100,000 and 34.6% (CHD 73.2%, stroke 27.2%), respectively. Compared with rural areas, urban areas reported higher incidence and mortality but lower case-fatality rates for CHD (P<0.001), while lower incidence but higher mortality and case-fatality rates for stroke (P<0.001). We found significant differences on CHD and stroke epidemics between urban and rural areas in Zhejiang. Special attentions need to be given to stroke control, especially in rural areas. 相似文献
63.
Deformations of particular setae of adhesive toe pad of the tokay gecko were investigated by atomic-force microscopy. The effective elastic modulus of the investigated setae varying within 0.34–19 GPa, a pronounced hysteresis was observed during reversible bending of setae. The hysteresis-related energy losses may be as high as 98% of the total bending work. The pronounced viscous features of the setae contradict the hypothesis of dynamic self-cleaning of the gecko adhesive cover, according to which the setae are considered as absolutely elastic cantilever beams. 相似文献
64.
Hunhee Lim Donghun Kim Min‐Jae Choi Edward H. Sargent Yeon Sik Jung Jin Young Kim 《Liver Transplantation》2019,9(48)
Quantum‐dot (QD) photovoltaics (PVs) offer promise as energy‐conversion devices; however, their open‐circuit‐voltage (VOC) deficit is excessively large. Previous work has identified factors related to the QD active layer that contribute to VOC loss, including sub‐bandgap trap states and polydispersity in QD films. This work focuses instead on layer interfaces, and reveals a critical source of VOC loss: electron leakage at the QD/hole‐transport layer (HTL) interface. Although large‐bandgap organic materials in HTL are potentially suited to minimizing leakage current, dipoles that form at an organic/metal interface impede control over optimal band alignments. To overcome the challenge, a bilayer HTL configuration, which consists of semiconducting alpha‐sexithiophene (α‐6T) and metallic poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiphene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), is introduced. The introduction of the PEDOT:PSS layer between α‐6T and Au electrode suppresses the formation of undesired interfacial dipoles and a Schottky barrier for holes, and the bilayer HTL provides a high electron barrier of 1.35 eV. Using bilayer HTLs enhances the VOC by 74 mV without compromising the JSC compared to conventional MoO3 control devices, leading to a best power conversion efficiency of 9.2% (>40% improvement relative to relevant controls). Wider applicability of the bilayer strategy is demonstrated by a similar structure based on shallow lowest‐unoccupied‐molecular‐orbital (LUMO) levels. 相似文献
65.
66.
Mutational and epigenetic driver events profoundly alter intercellular communication pathways in cancer. This effect includes deregulated release, molecular composition, and biological activity of extracellular vesicles (EVs), membranous cellular fragments ranging from a few microns to less than 100 nm in diameter and filled with bioactive molecular cargo (proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids). While EVs are usually classified on the basis of their physical properties and biogenetic mechanisms, recent analyses of their proteome suggest a larger than expected molecular diversity, a notion that is also supported by multicolour nano‐flow cytometry and other emerging technology platforms designed to analyze single EVs. Both protein composition and EV diversity are markedly altered by oncogenic transformation, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and differentiation of cancer stem cells. Interestingly, only a subset of EVs released from mutant cells may carry oncogenic proteins (e.g., EGFRvIII), hence, these EVs are often referred to as “oncosomes”. Indeed, oncogenic transformation alters the repertoire of EV‐associated proteins, increases the presence of pro‐invasive cargo, and alters the composition of distinct EV populations. Molecular profiling of single EVs may reveal a more intricate effect of transforming events on the architecture of EV populations in cancer and shed new light on their biological role and diagnostic utility. 相似文献
67.
Choi Wook Jin Chae A. Na Song Kyung Guen Park Joonhong Lee Byung Chan 《Bioprocess and biosystems engineering》2019,42(7):1225-1234
Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering - This study compared the performance of microalga growth, nutrient removal, algal organic matter, and energy storage products in mixotrophic,... 相似文献
68.
Isolation and characterization of Aspergillus sp. for the production of extracellular polysaccharides by response surface methodology 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian Soundharrajan Ilavenil Paul Agastian Ki Choon Choi 《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2019,26(3):449-454
In this study, Aspergillus sp. was isolated for the production of extracellular polysaccharide. The process parameters were initially optimized by traditional methods. The cheap substrate, wheat bran was used for the production of extracellular polysaccharide in solid state fermentation. Supplementation of (1%, w/w) maltose, gelatin enhanced EPS production (5.36?mg/g). The salts such as, Cu2+ (4.9?mg/g), Ca2+ (3.5?mg/g), Zn2+ (2.9?mg/g), Mn2+ (3.4?mg/g) and Mg2+ (1.8?mg/g) stimulated EPS production. In two level full factorial experimental designs, the EPS yield varied from 3.18 to 11.65?mg/g wheat bran substrate with various combinations of the components supplemented with wheat bran substrate. Among these selected factors in central composite design, maltose significantly influenced on extracellular polysaccharide production. 相似文献
69.
Ho Shin Kim Van-Hai Hoang Mannkyu Hong Kyung Chul Kim Jihyae Ann Cong-Truong Nguyen Ji Hae Seo Hoon Choi Jun Yong Kim Kyu-Won Kim Woong Sub Byun Sangkook Lee Seungbeom Lee Young-Ger Suh Jie Chen Hyun-Ju Park Tae-Min Cho Ji Young Kim Jeewoo Lee 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2019,27(7):1370-1381
On the basis of deguelin, a series of the B,C-ring truncated surrogates with N-substituted amide linkers were investigated as HSP90 inhibitors. The structure activity relationship of the template was studied by incorporating various substitutions on the nitrogen of the amide linker and examining their HIF-1α inhibition. Among them, compound 57 showed potent HIF-1α inhibition and cytotoxicity in triple-negative breast cancer lines in a dose-dependent manner. Compound 57 downregulated expression and phosphorylation of major client proteins of HSP90 including AKT, ERK and STAT3, indicating that its antitumor activity was derived from the inhibition of HSP90 function. The molecular modeling of 57 demonstrated that 57 bound well to the C-terminal ATP-binding pocket in the open conformation of the hHSP90 homodimer with hydrogen bonding and pi-cation interactions. Overall, compound 57 is a potential antitumor agent for triple-negative breast cancer as a HSP90 C-terminal inhibitor. 相似文献