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101.
Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1b Core Protein Does Not Exert Immunomodulatory Effects on Virus-Induced Cellular Immunity 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
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Zhang-Xu Liu Hiroshi Nishida Jian-Wen He Michael M. C. Lai Ni Feng Gunther Dennert 《Journal of virology》2002,76(3):990-997
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein is among the most conserved proteins in HCV and is known to induce sensitization of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Therefore, it is a prime candidate for a component of a potential HCV vaccine. The HCV core protein has, however, been reported to exert multiple effects on cell functions, raising questions as to its suitability for this purpose. This question was investigated here with mice into which replication-deficient adenoviruses expressing core protein of an HCV genotype 1b isolate were injected. We show that induction of cytokines in response to the infection, infiltration of lymphocytes into the infected liver, priming of virus-specific CTL, and liver injury are not modulated by expression of the core protein in the liver. Moreover, no changes in the sensitivity to tumor necrosis factor alpha- or Fas-mediated liver injury are demonstrable. A similar lack of demonstrable effects of the core protein on immune functions has also been obtained using transgenic mice expressing another HCV genotype 1b core protein. It is concluded that the HCV core protein of genotype 1b has no modulatory effects on induction of virus-specific immune responses and may therefore be a suitable component of an HCV vaccine. 相似文献
102.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Fusion Protein Mediates Inhibition of Mitogen-Induced T-Cell Proliferation by Contact
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Jrg Schlender Gunther Walliser Jens Fricke Karl-Klaus Conzelmann 《Journal of virology》2002,76(3):1163-1170
Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) are major pathogens in infants and calves, respectively. Experimental BRSV infection of calves and lambs is associated with lymphopenia and a reduction in responsiveness of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) to mitogens ex vivo. In this report, we show that in vitro mitogen-induced proliferation of PBLs is inhibited after contact with RSV-infected and UV-inactivated cells or with cells expressing RSV envelope proteins on the cell surface. The protein responsible was identified as the RSV fusion protein (F), as cells infected with a recombinant RSV expressing F as the single envelope protein or cells transfected with a plasmid encoding F were able to induce this effect. Thus, direct contact with RSV F is necessary and sufficient to inhibit proliferation of PBLs. Interestingly, F derived from HRSV was more efficient in inhibiting human PBL proliferation, while F from BRSV was more efficient in inhibiting bovine PBLs. Since various T-cell activation markers were upregulated after presenter cell contact, T lymphocytes are viable and may still be activated by mitogen. However, a significant fraction of PBLs were delayed or defective in G0/G1 to S-phase transit. 相似文献
103.
Butyrate reversibly arrests the proliferation of normal and Rous sarcoma virus-infected chicken heart mesenchymal cells 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Sodium butyrate at 5 X 10(-3) M reversibly arrests the proliferation of both normal and RSV-infected chicken heart mesenchymal cells. This finding suggests that butyrate acts by causing non-specific inhibition of cell proliferation, rather then by specifically suppressing the neoplastic phenotype or by inducing recovery of cells from the neoplastic state. 相似文献
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106.
Chris Bowler Hanns Frohnmeyer Eberhard Schäfer Gunther Neuhaus Nam-Hai Chua 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》1997,19(4):475-483
The phytochromes are the best studied plant photoreceptors, controlling a wide variety of responses at both whole plant and
single cell levels. Three signal transduction pathways, dependent on cGMP and/or calcium, have been found to be utilized by
phytochrome to control the expression of genes required for chloroplast development (e.g., CAB and FNR) and anthocyanin biosynthesis (e.g., CHS). In particular, cGMP is a second messenger positively regulating CHS gene expression whilst calcium and calmodulin act as negative regulators. In addition to phytochrome regulation of CHS we have begun to examine the signal transduction pathways utilized by UV photoreceptors. In contrast to phytochrome-mediated
responses, results indicate a role for calcium and calmodulin as positive regulators of CHS gene expression in UV light. 相似文献
107.
Howard A. Bern Robert Gunther Donald W. Johnson Richard S. Nishioka 《Acta zoologica》1973,54(1):15-19
- 1 Urotensin II (bladder-contracting activity) is present in the caudal spinal cords of teleosts, elasmobranchs, holosteans, and chondrosteans, in order of decreasing activity. It is questionably present in holocephalans and probably absent from lungfishes.
- 2 Cyclostomes and tailed amphibians show no evidence for any specific caudal urotensin II.
- 3 The pharmacological evidence parallels the cytological evidence for the occurrence of a caudal neurosecretory system.
108.
109.
Characterisation of a novel gene family of putative cyclic nucleotide- and calmodulin-regulated ion channels in Arabidopsis thaliana 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Claudia Köhler Thomas Merkle Gunther Neuhaus 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》1999,18(1):97-104
In plants, cyclic GMP is involved in signal transduction in response to light and gibberellic acid. For cyclic AMP, a potential role during the plant cell cycle was recently reported. However, cellular targets for cyclic nucleotides in plants are largely unknown. Here we report on the identification and characterisation of a new gene family in Arabidopsis, which share features with cyclic nucleotide-gated channels from animals and inward-rectifying K+ channels from plants. The identified gene family comprises six members (Arabidopsis thaliana cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, AtCNGC1–6) with significant homology among the deduced proteins. Hydrophobicity analysis predicted six membrane-spanning domains flanked by hydrophilic amino and carboxy termini. A putative cyclic nucleotide binding domain (CNBD) which contains several residues that are invariant in other CNBDs was located in the carboxy terminus. This domain overlaps with a predicted calmodulin (CaM) binding site, suggesting interaction between cyclic nucleotide and CaM regulation. We demonstrated interaction of the carboxy termini of AtCNGC1 and AtCNGC2 with CaM in yeast, indicating that the CaM binding sites are functional. Furthermore, it was shown that both AtCNGC1 and AtCNGC2 can partly complement the K+-uptake-deficient yeast mutant CY162. Therefore, we propose that the identified genes constitute a family of plant cyclic nucleotide- and CaM-regulated ion channels. 相似文献
110.
Yong Jiang Albert Wilhelm Schulthess Bernd Rodemann Jie Ling Jörg Plieske Sonja Kollers Erhard Ebmeyer Viktor Korzun Odile Argillier Gunther Stiewe Martin W. Ganal Marion S. Röder Jochen C. Reif 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2017,130(3):471-482