Comparative experimental study of cyclacillin and ampicillin]

Cyclacillin was compared with ampicillin by its bacteriostatic efficiency in vitro, chemotherapeutic efficiency in experimental infections of mice and rats and pharmacokinetic characteristics. It was found that cyclacillin was not superior to ampicillin by its antibacterial action. By a number of characteristics it was even significantly inferior. The pharmacokinetic advantages of cyclacillin were not considered significant.     

Cell differentiation of the head ectoderm in mouse embryos in vitro

Cell differentiation has been studied in the explants of head ectoderm of 8, 9 and 10 day old mouse (CBA) embryos and of head epidermis of 13 day old embryos. Pieces of ectoderm were taken from the temporal region. It was established by indirect immunofluorescence that within 10, 15 and 20 days of cultivation spheroids with keratins or crystallins in some groups of fibres formed in the head ectoderm explants from 9 and 10 day old embryos. When cultivating the regions of head epidermis from 13 day old embryos, spheroids formed with keratin only in their cells. The data obtained suggest that there appear to be two clones of cells determined to the synthesis of keratins or crystallins in the head ectoderm of early mouse embryos. During embryogenesis, the number of cells determined to the synthesis of keratins appears to increase in the regions not related to the eye area. At the same time, the clone of cells determined to the synthesis of crystallins appears to be eliminated.     

The clinical efficacy of ticarcillin/clavulanate in severe pneumonia]

Efficacy of ticarcillin/clavulanate was studied in the treatment of 11 patients with severe community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia in an open controlled trial. The drug was administered in a dose of 3.1 g every 4 or 6 hours depending on the infection severity. When pneumonia was due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, amikacin was additionally used. The positive clinical effect of ticarcillin/clavulanate was stated in 73 per cent of the patients. The pathogen eradication was stated in all the patients. However, in 2 cases superinfection due to P.aeruginosa developed. Mild adverse effects were observed in 2 cases. It is concluded that ticarcillin/clavulanate is highly efficient in the treatment of patients with severe or complicated pneumonia. In cases with ventilator-associated pneumonia it is advisable to use ticarcillin/clavulanate in combination with an aminoglycoside.