Effect of sulfalene and furosemide on benzylpenicillin kinetics in rats with aseptic inflammation

The effect of sulfalen and furosemide on benzylpenicillin kinetics in blood serum, intact tissues and aseptic inflammation foci was studied on rats. It was shown that under the action of sulfalen and furosemide protein binding of benzylpenicillin lowered by 30 per cent. The changes in the antibiotic kinetics after combined use with sulfalen and furosemide were of the same type: markedly increased concentrations in blood serum and tissues and retarded elimination.     

Antigenic polysaccharides of bacteria of the genus Shigella. The structure of the polysaccharide chain of Shigella boydii type 14

A specific acidic polysaccharide has been isolated from the Shigella boydii type 14 antigenic lipopolysaccharide after mild hydrolysis followed by chromatography on Sephadex G-50. The polysaccharide consists of the D-glucuronic acid, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose and D-galactose residues in the ratio 1:1:3. From the results of methylation analysis and partial acid hydrolysis, the structure of the repeating unit of the specific polysaccharide was deduced as follows: (-6DGalp alpha 1-4DGlcAp beta 1-6DGalp beta 1-4DGalp beta 1-4DGlcNAcp beta 1-)n. The 13C NMR spectra of native and carboxyl-reduced polysaccharides, as well as of oligosaccharides produced by partial acid hydrolysis fully confirmed the proposed structure. The approach was suggested to determine the type of substitution of uronic acid moieties in polysaccharide chain by use of chromato-mass-spectrometry of acetylated methyl esters of partially methylated aldonic acids. Serological characteristics of Sh. boydii LPS type 14 and its modified derivatives are discussed.     

Immunologic and physico-chemical properties of hyperimmune antibodies with different affinities

By immune chromatography fractions with various reaction rates of antigen precipitation and neutralization of toxin "in vivo" have been isolated from a common pool of antibodies. Antibodies of higher pI possessed an elevated relation of basis amino acid residues to unsubstituted dicarboxylic residues as well as greater affinity. The data suggest an important role of ion interaction and a general scheme of antigen and antibody molecules structure for immune reactions.     

Enzymatic hydrolysis of mycelial waste from the production of tetracycline

The process of enzymatic hydrolysis of the mycelial waste from the manufacture of tetracycline with using Streptomyces aureofaciens was studied. For the enzymatic hydrolysis, neutral and alkaline proteinases were used. It was shown that alkaline proteinase (protosubtilin G10X) provided the most efficient hydrolysis. Optimal conditions for the hydrolysis were determined: a temperature of 42 degrees C, hydrolysis time of 4 to 6 hours and enzyme concentrations of 1.25 to 2.20 mg/ml at a mycecial waste concentration of 12.5 mg/ml. The time course of changes in amino acid and amine nitrogen levels during enzymatic hydrolysis was investigated. It was demonstrated that the hydrolysis efficiency depended on the mode of enzyme addition. The highest efficiency was observed with fractional feeding of the enzyme.     

Comparison of DNA complexation with antitumor therapeutic cis-DDP and binuclear bivalent platinum compound containing pyrazine

Conformational properties of DNA molecule upon its complexation with binuclear compounds of bivalent platinum in the cis configuration containing pyrazine ligand were studied by circular dichroism, viscometry, and dynamic birefringence. Comparison with active antitumor therapeutic cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (cis-DDP) was made. Experimental data indicates that interaction of these compounds with DNA results in the formation of coordination bond of platinum with nitrogen bases. The structure of the complex depends on the ratio of platinum and DNA concentrations in initial solution. The study of DNA protonation in complex with the binuclear coordination compound showed that the binding of platinum with DNA bases occurs at the N7 atom of guanine. It was observed a competition between the studied compound and cis-DDP for binding site on DNA. The macromolecule binds stronger to the binuclear platinum compound as compared with cis-DDP.     

Genetic differentiation of pedunculate oak Quercus robur L. in the European part of Russia based on RAPD markers

Using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers (RAPD), genetic variation and differentiation in four populations of pedunculate oak Quercus robur L. were examined. The populations occupy a large part of the Quercus robur range in the European Russia (Voronezh and Novgorod oblasts; Republics of Mordovia and Bashkortostan). With each of six random primers (A02, A09, A17, B01, B08, B11), 96 DNA samples were analyzed by PCR. In all, 48 putative polymorphic RAPD loci were detected. We failed to reveal population-specific DNA fragments for any primer although the frequencies of 14 fragments were significantly different among populations. The oak populations studied exhibited high variability: 73-90% of genes were polymorphic and the effective allele number was about 1.4. The total genetic variation varied from 0.202 (Vor) to 0.245 (Nov), which corresponded to the estimates for populations of this species from Central and Western Europe. The populations examined showed low among-population differentiation (GST = 0.098); gene flow Nem was 4.61. The proportion of among-population variation of the RAPD loci studied accounted for 7% of the total variability; more than 93% of the total variability was explained by individual and within--population variation.