生氰化合物的结构及在植物中的分布

一、引言在几个世纪以前,人们就发现杏、桃和扁桃等植物能产生这样一些化合物,它们经水解后可释放出氢氰酸(HCN)。生物体这种产生氢氰酸的能力称为生氰作用(cyano-genesis)。Robinson早在1930年就对当时在高等植物生氰现象的研究工作进行了回顾。近来的研究发现,不仅植物具有生氰作用,细菌、真菌、千足虫及蛾类也具有生氰能力。     

甲型肝炎病毒对理化因子的稳定性

用放射免疫成斑法研究了甲型肝炎病毒FM-175株的理化稳定性和灭活条件,证明甲型肝炎病毒理化稳定性与其它肠道病毒相似,具有广范围的pH(2～10)稳定性;Mg~(++)和Ca可增强其热稳定性,不能抵抗冷冻干燥,但对热的抵抗力明显高于普通肠道病毒,可被紫外线迅速杀灭,也可被多种消毒剂如3～8％的甲醛液,50～90％的乙醇,2％的石炭酸及400ppm的有效氯等杀灭,但可抵抗0.1％甲醛液,2～5％的来苏儿及200ppm的有效氯1小时以上,本研究工作为甲型肝炎病毒的理化性状、保存及消毒条件等提供了实验数据。     

用氨基酸自动分析仪测定牛磺酸

<正> 牛磺酸抗癫痫、降低血压,抗心律失常及脑发育和渗透压调节中的作用,最近令人关注。牛黄、全蝎、原蚕子等抗癫痫的中药中都含有牛磺酸,过去测定牛磺酸的含量多用薄层层析法,较为麻烦、费时,而且分析精度、准确性也较低。我们用日立835型氨     

安徽省黄山啮齿类区系研究

黄山是我国著名的风景区之一,为国内外游览胜地。黄山由于它山深林密、地势复杂,虽蕴藏着丰富的动植物资源,但过去一直对它缺乏全面调查。盛和林等虽均报道过一些黄山     

颈动脉窦区注入枸橼酸钠抑制家兔呼吸的机制

向颈总动脉头端注入枸橼酸钠能使大多数家兔发生呼气性呼吸暂停和呼吸频率变慢。此呼吸抑制效应可被地卡因麻醉颈动脉窦区所消除。切断窦神经不能阻断枸橼酸钠对呼吸的抑制。切断迷走神经窦支则使半数以上家兔的呼吸抑制减弱或消失,而在结状神经节上方切断迷走神经能阻断大多数家兔的呼吸抑制。结果提示,迷走神经窦支是颈动脉窦区感受器传入通路之一,向颈动脉窦区注入枸橼酸钠对呼吸的抑制主要是通过迷走神经传入引起的。     

柚子的组织培养

植物名称:柚(Citrus grandis)。材料类别:沙田柚的成熟果仁在培养基上形成无菌苗后,将无菌苗的苗端、幼茎切成小段进行培养。培养条件:培养无菌苗用N_6和0.5MS基本培养基,附加KT 1mg/l(单位下同),NAA0.5、LH500,肌醇100,蔗糖 2％,琼脂0.55％。培养温度为28±2℃,每天光照8小时,光照度为1000lx。     

Frameshift Suppression in SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE VI. Complete Genetic Map of Twenty-Five Suppressor Genes

Five previously unmapped frameshift suppressor genes have been located on the yeast genetic map. In addition, we have further characterized the map positions of two suppressors whose approximate locations were determined in an earlier study. These results represent the completion of genetic mapping studies on all 25 of the known frameshift suppressor genes in yeast.—The approximate location of each suppressor gene was initially determined through the use of a set of mapping strains containing 61 signal markers distributed throughout the yeast genome. Standard meiotic linkage was assayed in crosses between strains carrying the suppressors and the mapping strains. Subsequent to these approximate linkage determinations, each suppressor gene was more precisely located in multi-point crosses. The implications of these mapping results for the genomic distribution of frameshift suppressor genes, which include both glycine and proline tRNA genes, are discussed.     

NO(2) Sensor which uses immobilized nitrite oxidizing bacteria

A biosensor consisting of immobilized nitrite oxidizing bacteria and an oxygen electrode has been developed for the amperometric determination of NO(2) (nitrogen dioxide) gas. The response time for the determination of NO(2) was within 3 min. A linear relationship was observed between the current decrease and the NO(2) concentration below 255 ppm. The minimum concentration for the determination of NO(2) was 0.51 ppm. The current decrease was reproducible within +/-4% of the relative error. The selectivity of the microbial sensor for NO(2) was satisfactory. The current output of the sensor was almost constant for more than 24 days and 400 assays.     

Water Relations, Diurnal Acidity Changes, and Productivity of a Cultivated Cactus, Opuntia ficus-indica

Physiological responses of the Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plant Opuntia ficus-indica (Cactaceae) were studied on a commercial plantation in central Chile. Young cladodes (flattened stems) and flower buds exhibited daytime stomatal opening, whereas mature cladodes and fruit exhibited the nocturnal stomatal opening characteristic of CAM plants. Severe water stress suppressed the nocturnal stomatal opening by mature cladodes, but their high water vapor conductance occurring near dawn was not affected. Nocturnal acidity increases were not as sensitive to water stress as was the nocturnal stomatal opening. The magnitude of the nocturnal acidity increases depended on the total daily photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), being 90% PAR-saturated at 27 moles per square meter per day for a mean nighttime air temperature of 5°C and at 20 moles per square meter per day for 18°C. Inasmuch as the PAR received on unshaded vertical surfaces averaged about 21 moles per square meter per day, nocturnal acidity increases by the cladodes were on the verge of being PAR-limited in the field. The net assimilation rate, which was positive throughout the year, annually averaged 3.4 grams per square meter per day for 1.0- and 2.0-year-old plants. Plants that were 5.4 years old had 7.2 square meters of cladode surface area (both sides) and an annual dry weight productivity of 13 megagrams (metric tons) per hectare per year when their ground cover was 32%. This substantial productivity for a CAM plant was accompanied by the highest nocturnal acidity increase so far observed in the field, 0.78 mole H⁺ per square meter.