全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2168篇 |
免费 | 88篇 |
专业分类
2256篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 11篇 |
2022年 | 38篇 |
2021年 | 48篇 |
2020年 | 27篇 |
2019年 | 51篇 |
2018年 | 57篇 |
2017年 | 36篇 |
2016年 | 87篇 |
2015年 | 120篇 |
2014年 | 126篇 |
2013年 | 157篇 |
2012年 | 222篇 |
2011年 | 211篇 |
2010年 | 132篇 |
2009年 | 106篇 |
2008年 | 163篇 |
2007年 | 147篇 |
2006年 | 88篇 |
2005年 | 95篇 |
2004年 | 80篇 |
2003年 | 65篇 |
2002年 | 42篇 |
2001年 | 28篇 |
2000年 | 29篇 |
1999年 | 25篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 3篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2256条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Jeon SJ Fujiwara S Takagi M Tanaka T Imanaka T 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2002,295(2):508-514
The Tk-ptp gene encoding a protein tyrosine phosphatase from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakaraensis KOD1 was cloned and biochemical characteristics of the recombinant protein (Tk-PTP) were examined. A series of mutants, D63A (replacing Asp-63 with Ala), C93S, C93A, R99K, and R99M, were also constructed and analyzed. Two unique features were found. First, the Tk-PTP showed the phosphatase activity not only toward phosphotyrosine but also toward phosphoserine. Second, the conserved Asp-63, which corresponds to a critical residue among other known PTPs, was not essential for catalysis. Cys-93 and Arg-99 residues played a crucial role in substrate binding and catalysis. To know a specific substrate for Tk-PTP, C93S mutant was used to trap substrate proteins from cell extract of KOD1. Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase subunit beta-chain, one of the gene products of RNA terminal phosphate cyclase operon and phosphomannomutase, was identified, suggesting that they functioned for phosphate donation. 相似文献
92.
Neutrophil chemotaxis in linear and complex gradients of interleukin-8 formed in a microfabricated device 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Li Jeon N Baskaran H Dertinger SK Whitesides GM Van de Water L Toner M 《Nature biotechnology》2002,20(8):826-830
Although a wealth of knowledge about chemotaxis has accumulated in the past 40 years, these studies have been hampered by the inability of researchers to generate simple linear gradients instantaneously and to maintain them at steady state. Here we describe a device microfabricated by soft lithography and consisting of a network of microfluidic channels that can generate spatially and temporally controlled gradients of chemotactic factors. When human neutrophils are positioned within a microchannel, their migration in simple and complex interleukin-8 (IL-8) gradients can be tested. The cells exhibit strong directional migration toward increasing concentrations of IL-8 in linear gradients. Neutrophil migration halts abruptly when cells encounter a sudden drop in the chemoattractant concentration to zero ("cliff" gradient). When neutrophils are challenged with a gradual increase and decrease in chemoattractant ("hill" gradient), however, the cells traverse the crest of maximum concentration and migrate further before reversing direction. The technique described in this paper provides a robust method to investigate migratory cells under a variety of conditions not accessible to study by earlier techniques. 相似文献
93.
We recently reported on the distribution and effects of eye enucleation on the immunoreactivity of calretinin in the superficial layers of the hamster superior colliculus (SC). In the present study, we describe the types of labeled cells and compare this labeling to that of GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. An almost complete depletion of calretinin-immunoreactive (IR) fibers in the superficial layers of the contralateral SC was found following unilateral enucleation. On the contralateral SC, many calretinin-IR cells were newly appeared. The majority of the newly-appeared cells had small- to medium-sized round, oval, or vertical fusiform cell bodies. Two-color immunofluorescence revealed that none of these newly-appeared cells were labeled with an antibody to GABA. The present results show that the calretinin-IR cells are unique in the superficial hamster SC when compared to most of the other brain areas, where many calretinin-IR cells are GABAergic interneurons. 相似文献
94.
A comparison of allozyme variation, restriction fragment length polymorphisms in the mitochondrial DNA and partial sequences of the ND II gene (496 bp) was made among two lacustrine populations of the piscivorous chub (Opsariichthys uncirostris uncirostris) in Japan, four fluvial populations in Korea, one lacustrine population in Russia and one specimen from the Amur River (O. u. amurensis). All analyses indicate that the Japanese populations of piscivorous chub are separable from the Asian mainland populations of Korea and Russia. The latter populations were further divided into the Korean and Russian fish. Although opinions are divided on the phylogenetic position of the population in Lake Mikata, Japan, which shows unique morphological traits intermediate between those of the population in Lake Biwa and the mainland populations, the current analysis indicates a closer relationship to the population in Lake Biwa. 相似文献
95.
A complete sequence of the pGA1611 binary vector 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sung?-Ryul?Kim Sichul?Lee Hong?-Gyu?Kang Jong?-Seong?Jeon Kyung?-Me?Kim Gynheung?AnEmail author 《Journal of Plant Biology》2003,46(3):211-214
We report the nucleotide sequence of the binary vector pGA1611, which is used for the transformation of foreign DNA into rice.
This vector is 13,476 bp long. The 5577- bp T- DNA region consists of a 1987- bp ubiquitine promoter region, 45 bp for the
multiple cloning site, a 253- bpnos terminator region, and the 2045- bpCaMV35S- hph- T7 chimaeric gene. The vector backbone (7004 bp) carriesoriT,traJ,trfA,tetA,tetR, andoriV. An 892- bp RB region and the 489- bp LB region are also present The T- DNA possesses 15 unique sites, six of which are at
the multiple cloning site. This information will be valuable for cloning foreign DNA and modifying the vector. 相似文献
96.
97.
Functional expression of recombinant tumstatin in stably transformed Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Recombinant tumstatin was expressed in stably transformed Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells and secreted into the medium with a molecular size of 29 kDa. Recombinant endostatin was also purified to homogeneity using a simple one-step Ni2+ affinity fractionation. Purified recombinant tumstatin inhibited endothelial cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. The concentration at half-maximum inhibition for recombinant tumstatin was approx. 0.7 g ml–1. A maximum production of 4.6 g recombinant tumstatin (107 cells)–1 was obtained in a T-flask culture of S2 cells, 7 d after induction with 0.5 mM CuSO4. 相似文献
98.
Extracts of Phellinus linteus grown on germinated brown rice suppress liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Extracts of Phellinus linteus (EPB), grown on germinated brown rice, protected rats from liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Peroxidation products in the liver were decreased to 10% by EPB. Catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were significantly decreased to 55% and 39% by CCl4 administration, but EPB blocked this effect, resulting in enzyme activities at control levels. Expression of cytochromeP450 2E1 (CYP2E1) protein was significantly decreased to 88% in CCl4-treated rats but remained at control levels when EPB was also administered. EPB did not affect the altered fatty acid composition induced by CCl4. The hepatoprotective effect of EPB may be mediated by EPB's prevention of CCl4-induced CYP2E1 degradation. 相似文献
99.
100.
Jeon JY Harber VJ Steadward RD 《American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism》2003,284(3):E634-E640
We studied plasma leptin levels in six people with high-lesion spinal cord injury [SCI; body mass index (BMI) 25.9 +/- 1.5 kg/m(2), age 37 +/- 3.0 yr] and six able-bodied (AB) controls (BMI 29.1 +/- 1.9 kg/m(2), age 35 +/- 3.5 yr) before and after 12, 24, and 36 h of fasting. The plasma leptin levels significantly decreased during 36 h fasting by 48.8 +/- 4.5% (pre: 11.3 +/- 2.3, post: 6.2 +/- 1.5 ng/ml) and 38.6 +/- 7.9% (pre: 7.6 +/- 5.0, post: 4.2 +/- 1.0 ng/ml) in SCI and AB, respectively. Plasma leptin started to decrease at 24 h of fasting in the SCI group, whereas plasma leptin started to decrease at 12 h of fasting in the AB group. The current study demonstrated that plasma leptin decreased with fasting in both SCI and AB groups, with the leptin decrease being delayed in the SCI group. The delayed leptin response to fasting in the SCI group may be because of increased fat mass (%body fat, SCI: 33.8 +/- 3.0, AB: 24.1 +/- 2.9) and sympathetic nervous system dysfunction. 相似文献