全文获取类型
收费全文 | 557篇 |
免费 | 36篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 10篇 |
2021年 | 45篇 |
2020年 | 11篇 |
2019年 | 17篇 |
2018年 | 12篇 |
2017年 | 15篇 |
2016年 | 19篇 |
2015年 | 23篇 |
2014年 | 37篇 |
2013年 | 45篇 |
2012年 | 43篇 |
2011年 | 34篇 |
2010年 | 37篇 |
2009年 | 23篇 |
2008年 | 25篇 |
2007年 | 31篇 |
2006年 | 24篇 |
2005年 | 18篇 |
2004年 | 21篇 |
2003年 | 12篇 |
2002年 | 12篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 7篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有595条查询结果,搜索用时 187 毫秒
511.
Saleem Muhammad Hamzah Mfarrej Manar Fawzi Bani Alatawi Aishah Mumtaz Sahar Imran Muhammad Ashraf Muhammad Arslan Rizwan Muhammad Usman Kamal Ahmad Parvaiz Ali Shafaqat 《Journal of Plant Growth Regulation》2023,42(3):2053-2072
Journal of Plant Growth Regulation - Soil contamination with toxic heavy metals [such as arsenic (As)] is becoming a serious global problem due to rapid development of social economy. Silicon (Si),... 相似文献
512.
Adrian J. Cutler Mohammed Saleem Maxine A. Coffey Mary K. Loewen 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1989,18(1):113-127
Cereal leaf protoplasts are often extremely unstable in culture and usually lyse within 24 hours. Using the thiobarbituric acid test and the ferrous thiocyanate test we have shown that corn (Zea mays L. cv. Market Beauty) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Benito) leaf protoplasts accumulate peroxides and peroxide degradation products during culture. This increase correlated with an increase in lipoxygenase activity. On the other hand, enzymes involved in detoxification of peroxides such as catalase and peroxidase decreased during culture. The occurrence of lipid peroxidation in leaf protoplasts is likely to be a consequence of a temporary imbalance in the enzymes involved in oxygen metabolism. It has previously been shown that the lipoxygenase inhibitor n-propyl gallate stabilizes the protoplasts in culture and so peroxidation is likely to be the cause of leaf protoplast instability. Protoplasts obtained from suspension cultures are stable in culture and do not undergo lipid peroxidation. This stability is due to a decrease in lipoxygenase activity and increases in catalase and peroxidase activity after protoplast isolation.Abbreviations MDA
malonaldehyde
- 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- PVP
polyvinylpolypyrrolidone
Dedicated to Dr. Friedrich Constabel on the occasion of his 60th birthday 相似文献
513.
James Cullen Azeem Saleem Ric Swindell Paul Burt Chris Moore 《Biomedical signal processing and control》2010,5(1):32-36
As cancer therapy becomes more effective, allowing patients to live longer, the long-term morbidity of treatment assumes greater significance. Trastuzumab (Herceptin®), a monoclonal antibody that targets the epidermal growth factor, has proven efficacy in breast cancer patients but is also known to be cardiotoxic. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), a measure of cardiac function, is commonly used to evaluate patients receiving trastuzumab by Multiple Gated Acquisition (MUGA) isotope scans. In this paper, we have assessed the utility of previously published ventricular synchrony parameters in patients undergoing trastuzumab therapy. In addition, we apply Approximate Entropy (ApEn) to MUGA images, as a new measure of cardiac dysfunction and have evaluated its utility in the same patients. A significant change in LVEF (p = 0.015) and ApEn (p = 0.020) but not ventricular synchrony measures were observed over the course of treatment in these patients. The results suggest that ApEn provides a useful measure of cardiac function and synchrony. 相似文献
514.
Optimization of environmental parameters for biodegradation of alpha and beta endosulfan in soil slurry by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Aim: To determine optimal environmental conditions for achieving biodegradation of α‐ and β‐endosulfan in soil slurries following inoculation with an endosulfan degrading strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods and Results: Parameters that were investigated included soil texture, soil slurry: water ratios, initial inoculum size, pH, incubation temperature, aeration, and the use of exogenous sources of organic and amino acids. The results showed that endosulfan degradation was most effectively achieved at an initial inoculum size of 600 μl (OD = 0·86), incubation temperature of 30°C, in aerated slurries at pH 8, in loam soil. Under these conditions, the bacterium removed more than 85% of spiked α‐ and β‐endosulfan (100 mg l?1) after 16 days. Abiotic degradation in noninoculated control medium within same incubation period was about 16%. Biodegradation of endosulfan varied in different textured soils, being more rapid in course textured soil than in fine textured soil. Increasing the soil contents in the slurry above 15% resulted in less biodegradation of endosulfan. Exogenous application of organic acids (citric acid and acetic acid) and amino acids (l ‐methionine and l ‐cystein) had stimulatory and inhibitory effects, respectively, on biodegradation of endosulfan. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that biodegradation of endosulfan by Ps. aeruginosa in soil sediments enhanced significantly under optimized environmental conditions. Significance and Impact of the Study: Endosulfan is a commonly used pesticide that can contaminate soil, wetlands and groundwater. Our study demonstrates that bioaugmentation of contaminated soils with an endosulfan degrading bacterium under optimized conditions provides an effective bioremediation strategy. 相似文献
515.
Daniel Villarreal Garry Reams Huma Samar Robert Spear Ronald H. Freeman 《Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)》2004,12(6):1006-1010
Objective: Previous investigations have demonstrated that leptin promotes natriuresis with a renal tubular effect. However, the mechanisms involved in this response are unclear. The present study was designed to examine the hypothesis that the natriuretic response to leptin in normotensive Sprague‐Dawley rats is regulated by nitric oxide (NO). Research Methods and Procedures: The hemodynamic and renal excretory effects of intravenous bolus administration of pharmacological doses of synthetic murine leptin were examined in groups of control Sprague‐Dawley rats (n = 8), Sprague‐Dawley rats treated for 4 days with the NO synthase inhibitor Nω‐nitro‐l‐arginine methyl ester (l‐NAME) (n = 8), and Sprague‐Dawley rats treated for 4 days with l‐NAME followed by acute treatment with sodium nitroprusside (n = 8). Results: In the control group (n = 8), an intravenous bolus of leptin, 400 μg/kg body weight, increased urinary sodium excretion 4‐ to 6‐fold. In the Sprague‐Dawley rats chronically administered l‐NAME (n = 8), an intravenous bolus of 400 μg/kg of leptin did not increase sodium excretion. Acute sodium nitroprusside infusion to Sprague‐Dawley rats chronically treated with l‐NAME (n = 8) was associated with partial restoration of the sodium excretory response to leptin administration. Discussion: Collectively, these results are interpreted to suggest that the natriuretic and diuretic responses to leptin observed in the Sprague‐Dawley rat require a functional NO system. 相似文献
516.
Saleem M Brim H Hussain S Arshad M Leigh MB Zia-ul-Hassan 《Biotechnology advances》2008,26(2):151-161
The display of heterologous proteins on the microbial cell surface by means of recombinant DNA biotechnologies has emerged as a novel approach for bioremediation of contaminated sites. Both bacteria and yeasts have been investigated for this purpose. Cell surface expression of specific proteins allows the engineered microorganisms to transport, bio-accumulate and/or detoxify heavy metals as well as to degrade xenobiotics. These otherwise would not be taken up and transformed by the microbial cell. This review focuses on the application of cell surface displays for the enhanced bio-accumulation of heavy metals by metal binding proteins. It also reviews the biodegradation of xenobiotics by enzymes/proteins expressed on microbial cell surfaces. 相似文献
517.
Nejatizadeh A Kumar R Stobdan T Goyal AK Sikdar S Gupta M Javed S Pasha MA 《Free radical biology & medicine》2008,44(11):1912-1918
Nitric oxide (NO), a potent vasodilator, plays a pivotal role in blood pressure regulation. Endothelial NO synthase gene (NOS3) polymorphisms influence NO levels. Here, we investigated the role of the – 922A/G, – 786T/C, 4b/4a, and 894G/T polymorphisms of the NOS3 and NOx levels in 800 consecutive unrelated subjects comprising 455 patients of essential hypertension and 345 controls. The polymorphisms were investigated independently and as haplotypes. Plasma NOx levels (nitrate and nitrite) were estimated by the Griess method. Genotype frequencies for the –786T/C, 4b/4a, and 894G/T polymorphisms differed significantly (P < 0.001) between patients and controls and were associated with an increased risk of hypertension (OR = 2.0, OR = 3.8, OR = 1.6, respectively). The 4-locus haplotypes ATaG (H1), ATaT (H2), and GCaG (H3) were significantly associated with essential hypertension and served as susceptible haplotypes (P ≤ 0.0001). On the other hand, haplotypes ATbG (H4) and GTbG (H5) were negatively associated with hypertension and served as protective haplotypes (P < 0.0001). NOx levels were significantly lower in patients than controls (P < 0.0001). The individual polymorphisms showed marginal association with NOx level; however, the susceptible haplotype H2 associated significantly with lower NOx levels in patients (P < 0.001) and conversely the haplotype H4 with higher NOx levels in controls (P < 0.001). In conclusion, the 4b/4a and likely – 786T/C polymorphisms were identified as the determinants modifying the risk of hypertension. This study identifies the NOS3 variants and haplotypes as genetic risk factors and as useful markers of increased susceptibility to the risk of essential hypertension. 相似文献
518.
Cleverley RM Saleem M Kean J Ford RC Derrick JP Prince SM 《Molecular membrane biology》2008,25(8):625-630
A method to rapidly assess the oligomeric composition of multimeric proteins is notably absent from reported schemes for high throughput production and crystallization of membrane proteins. In this report we have investigated the suitability of PFO-PAGE electrophoresis for this purpose and present examples where it proves highly informative in selecting conditions favouring the functional oligomeric state of the target protein. Features such as the ability to analyze several samples in parallel, including crude membrane extracts, suggest it will be highly adaptable to high throughput analysis of membrane proteins. 相似文献
519.
A large number of the human microRNAs target lentiviruses, retroviruses, and endogenous retroviruses
Hakim ST Alsayari M McLean DC Saleem S Addanki KC Aggarwal M Mahalingam K Bagasra O 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2008,369(2):357-362
Retroelements (including transposons, retrotransposons, retroviruses, and lentiviruses) make up a significant portion of eukaryotic genomes. Given their ability to mutate genes these mobile elements always present a threat to the integrity of the host genomes. Recent studies have revealed complex molecular mechanisms that silence the mutagenic ability of these RE as well strategically express the pieces of the incorporated RE that are utilized to silence human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) or invading exogenous retroviruses (IERV). We have hypothesized that small endogenous RNA originally evolved to quell “foreign” IERV-genes and subsequently emerged into elaborate silencing systems that include RNA interference, miRNA-based gene regulation and other gene silencing mechanisms. Here, we present evidence that the replication of complex RE are most likely silenced or regulated by homologous miRNA that are found as a part of the cellular repertoire. We analyzed Homo sapiens miRNAs for possible target genetic sequences in selected HERVs and IERV found in humans and other large primates. We identified several miRNAs that have >80% sequence homology with human HERVs; -L, -W, and -K, and IERV like SIVcpz, HTLV-1, and HTLV-2. We found an inverse correlation between the numbers and relative degree of homology of miRNAs to the relative replication capacity of a specific RE. Therefore, larger numbers of miRNAs with greater degree of homology are found against the least active RE and the least numbers of miRNAs with smaller degree of homology are found against the most active RE (i.e. HERV-K). Implications of these observations in RE disease and therapy are discussed. 相似文献
520.
Saleem RA Knoblach B Mast FD Smith JJ Boyle J Dobson CM Long-O'Donnell R Rachubinski RA Aitchison JD 《The Journal of cell biology》2008,181(2):281-292
Reversible phosphorylation is the most common posttranslational modification used in the regulation of cellular processes. This study of phosphatases and kinases required for peroxisome biogenesis is the first genome-wide analysis of phosphorylation events controlling organelle biogenesis. We evaluate signaling molecule deletion strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for presence of a green fluorescent protein chimera of peroxisomal thiolase, formation of peroxisomes, and peroxisome functionality. We find that distinct signaling networks involving glucose-mediated gene repression, derepression, oleate-mediated induction, and peroxisome formation promote stages of the biogenesis pathway. Additionally, separate classes of signaling proteins are responsible for the regulation of peroxisome number and size. These signaling networks specify the requirements of early and late events of peroxisome biogenesis. Among the numerous signaling proteins involved, Pho85p is exceptional, with functional involvements in both gene expression and peroxisome formation. Our study represents the first global study of signaling networks regulating the biogenesis of an organelle. 相似文献