Circular RNA circ‐RCCD promotes cardiomyocyte differentiation in mouse embryo development via recruiting YY1 to the promoter of MyD88

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect, affecting approximately 1% of live births. Genetic and environmental factors are leading factors to CHD, but the mechanism of CHD pathogenesis remains unclear. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are kinds of endogenous non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, especially in heart diseases. In this study, three significant differently expressed circRNA between maternal embryonic day (E) E13 and E17 was found by microarray assay. Among them, the content of circ‐RCCD increases with the development of heart and was enriched in primary cardiomyocytes of different species, which arouses our attention. Functional experiments revealed that inhibition of circ‐RCCD dramatically suppressed the formation of beating cell clusters, the fluorescence intensity of cardiac differentiation marker MF20, and the expression of the myocardial‐specific markers CTnT, Mef2c, and GATA4. Next, we found that circ‐RCCD was involved in cardiomyocyte differentiation through negative regulation of MyD88 expression. Further experiments proved that circ‐RCCD inhibited MyD88 levels by recruiting YY1 to the promoter of MyD88; circ‐RCCD inhibited nuclear translocation of YY1. These results reported that circ‐RCCD promoted cardiomyocyte differentiation by recruiting YY1 to the promoter of MyD88. And, this study provided a potential role and molecular mechanism of circ‐RCCD as a target for the treatment of CHD.     

数理统计方法优化单细胞蛋白发酵培养基研究

采用正交试验和中心组合设计相结合的数理统计方法,在２Ｌ发酵罐中对紫云英汁液培养单细胞蛋白发酵培养基进行筛选、优化,试验结果表明较优培养基为：初糖２．３％,酵母粉０．１６％,ＫＨ_２ＰＯ_４０．２％,ＭｇＳＯ_４０．０５％。酵母浓度最高达１０．４６ｇ／Ｌ,基质生长得率为０．５５ｇ菌体／ｇ基质,基质转化率为８３％。研究结果同时说明采用数理统计方法设计实验,工作量小,效率高,结果准确。     

乳酸菌微机检索软件的开发

以现有乳酸菌信息为依据,利用汉字foxbase^＋2．10进行数据处理,研制出一套乳酸菌微机检索软件。该软件的特点：检索速度快,途径灵活,增添、修改、删除、打印方便,各模块性能优良,实用性强。     

深黄被孢霉高产脂变株的选育及其发酵的研究

以深黄被孢霉（Mortierellaisabellina）AS3．3410为出发菌株,经紫外线,硫酸二乙酯和亚硝基胍复合诱变处理,选育成功高产脂深黄被抱霉M018变株,其摇瓶培养菌体油脂含量达65．6％,比出发菌株提高133％。60m³罐三级发酵培养菌体油脂含量高达79．2％,生物量达37．8g／L．气相色谱分析表明变株M018r-亚麻酸的含量比出发菌株提高了53％。连续传代试验表明M018是一稳定的变株。该变株油脂合成的最佳碳源为葡萄糖,最佳氮源为酵母膏,最佳C／N为     

Distinct basolateral amygdala excitatory inputs mediate the somatosensory and aversive-affective components of pain

Pain is a multidimensional perception that includes unpleasant somatosensory and affective experiences; however, the underlying neural circuits that mediate different components of pain remain elusive. Although hyperactivity of basolateral amygdala glutamatergic (BLA^Glu) neurons is required for the somatosensory and emotional processing of pain, the precise excitatory inputs to BLA^Glu neurons and their roles in mediating different aspects of pain are unclear. Here, we identified two discrete glutamatergic neuronal circuits in male mice: a projection from the insular cortex glutamatergic (IC^Glu) to BLA^Glu neurons, which modulates both the somatosensory and affective components of pain, and a projection from the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD^Glu) to BLA^Glu neurons, which modulates only the aversive-affective component of pain. Using whole-cell recording and fiber photometry, we found that neurons within the IC→BLA and MD→BLA pathways were activated in mice upon inflammatory pain induced by injection of complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) into their paws. Optical inhibition of the IC^Glu→BLA pathway increased the nociceptive threshold and induced behavioral place preference in CFA mice. In contrast, optical inhibition of the MD^Glu→BLA pathway did not affect the nociceptive threshold but still induced place preference in CFA mice. In normal mice, optical activation of the IC^Glu→BLA pathway decreased the nociceptive threshold and induced place aversion, while optical activation of the MD^Glu→BLA pathway only evoked aversion. Taken together, our results demonstrate that discrete IC^Glu→BLA and MD^Glu→BLA pathways are involved in modulating different components of pain, provide insights into its circuit basis, and better our understanding of pain perception.     

Friend or Foe? Implication of the autophagy-lysosome pathway in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19

There is increasing amount of evidence indicating the close interplays between the replication cycle of SARS-CoV-2 and the autophagy-lysosome pathway in the host cells. While autophagy machinery is known to either assist or inhibit the viral replication process, the reciprocal effects of the SARS-CoV-2 on the autophagy-lysosome pathway have also been increasingly appreciated. More importantly, despite the disappointing results from the clinical trials of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in treatment of COVID-19, there is still ongoing effort in discovering new therapeutics targeting the autophagy-lysosome pathway. In this review, we provide an update-to-date summary of the interplays between the autophagy-lysosome pathway in the host cells and the pathogen SARS-CoV-2 at the molecular level, to highlight the prognostic value of autophagy markers in COVID-19 patients and to discuss the potential of developing novel therapeutic strategies for COVID-19 by targeting the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Thus, understanding the nature of such interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and the autophagy-lysosome pathway in the host cells is expected to provide novel strategies in battling against this global pandemic.     

盐增强培养对弗氏链霉菌产新霉素的影响

目的:弗氏链霉菌(Streptomyces fradiae)作为氨基糖苷类抗生素新霉素的主要生产菌株,其新霉素B具有抗菌活性强、抗癌、抗HIV等作用,提高新霉素B的效价具有重要意义.方法:在满足微生物正常生长所需盐离子的条件下,通过盐增强培养的方式向培养基中添加不同种类、浓度无机盐来改变细胞壁附近的理化特性、渗透压以及...     

基于生态网络效用的城市碳代谢空间分析——以杭州为例

城市碳排放占全球碳排放总量的78%,通过模拟生物代谢来剖析城市碳代谢机理从而控制城市碳排放是缓解全球气候变暖危机的关键。为研究杭州城市化过程中土地利用变化对城市碳代谢的综合作用,以4个时间段(1995—2000,2000—2005,2005—2010,2010—2015)为例,建立了一个"碳流"模型来分析城市生态系统中自然和人工分室在城市碳代谢正负"碳流"产生中的作用,之后利用生态网络效用方法分析"碳流"产生的生态关系及其空间分布,同时利用互惠指数M综合评价土地利用变化对城市碳代谢的综合作用。结果显示(1)净"碳流"在研究期间持续呈现负值且在2000—2005年间达到峰值,负"碳流"主要源自耕地与工业用地之间的转换,正"碳流"主要源自工业用地与城市用地之间的转换。(2)1995—2000年互惠指数(M)呈现先增加后减少再增加的变化趋势,M平均值小于1,说明土地利用变化对城市碳代谢的综合作用是消极的。(3)竞争关系集聚在高负碳代谢密度分室,互惠共生关系主要集聚在高正碳代谢密度分室。(4)从1995—2000至2010—2015,以每5年为时间间隔,生态关系分布空间变化如下:掠夺限制生态关系呈现向西北、西南和南部方向蔓延—西北方向移动—东南方向移动的变化趋势,竞争生态关系呈现东南方向移动—南部和西北部方向蔓延—零星分布的变化趋势,互惠共生生态关系呈现向东南方向移动—暂时不存在—零星分布的变化趋势。研究结果为低碳城市发展提供了理论依据。