Growth promoting effect of a transgenic <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bacillus mucilaginosus</Emphasis> on tobacco planting

In this study, we have investigated the plant growth promoting effect of Bacillus mucilaginosus strain D₄B₁, a rhizosphere soil organism, and its transgenic strain NKTS-3 on tobacco planting. The transgenic strain contains a phytase expression cassette that can express high active phytase extracellularly and hydrolyze phytate in the soil to liberate inorganic phosphorus for the growth of tobacco plants. Greenhouse study and field experiments showed that both wild-type B. mucilaginosus and the transgenic strain could promote tobacco plant growth. Moreover, the transgenic strain promoted tobacco plant growth (235% more than control in pot experiments and 125% more than control in field experiments) was higher than the wild-type B. mucilaginosus (183% more than control in pot experiments and 108% more than control in field experiments). In addition, the inoculation with transgenic rhizobacteria could significantly improve root acquisition of phosphorus and increase the phosphorus content of the plant.     

由不同细胞核背景引起的小麦细胞质雄性不育系(CMS)叶绿体蛋白质组的变化(简报)

叶绿体和线粒体是高等植物细胞内2种重要的细胞器。由于细胞质雄性不育(CMS)被认为是一种由线粒体基因编码的性状,因此,近10多年来,国内外研究者对线粒体基因组结构与功能、由线粒体基因编码的与CMS相关蛋白的研究积累了大量的资料。与线粒体相比,叶绿体与CMS关系的研究相对滞后。虽然一些研究者在核不育水稻中,观     

一氧化氮参与调节盐胁迫诱导的玉米幼苗脱落酸积累

以三叶一心期的玉米幼苗为实验材料,研究了盐胁迫下玉米幼苗根尖和叶片中一氧化氮（NO）和脱落酸（ABA）积累之间的关系。结果表明,盐胁迫下玉米幼苗NO和ABA的含量均增加,用NO供体硝普钠（Sodium nitroprusside,SNP）处理时,ABA含量亦增加,且累积的时间较盐胁迫下早。用NO合成的抑制剂L-NAME （Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride）和NaN,处理时,可减弱盐胁迫诱导的ABA含量的增加,用NO清除剂cPTIO处理时,这种盐胁迫诱导的ABA增加减少。推测盐胁迫下产生的NO参与调节ABA的积累及逆境下植物的防御反应。     

福州地区桑白蚧发生动态和药剂防治试验

桑白蚧在福州地区一年发生4代．以雌成虫在寄主枝干上越冬．越冬代(第4代)一雌虫产卵量多的达278粒．少的36粒,平均171粒,比第2代产卵量多2．6倍．比第3代多4．5倍．药剂防治试验结果,在2龄幼蚧高峰期,用25％扑虱灵可温性粉剂1500倍液,40％氧化乐果乳油800-1000倍液和95%机油乳剂50—100倍液喷雾．防治效果可达90％左右．用25％扑虱是可湿性粉剂1000-1500倍液．喷酒幼蚕触杀试验和喷洒桑叶喂蚕胃毒试验结果．对幼蚕安全．用扑虱灵防治桑树上的桑白蚧,对养蚕业无不良影响。     

巴戟天挥发性成分研究

目的：研究巴戟天中的挥发性成分。方法：利用水蒸气蒸馏法提取巴戟天（Radix morindae offtcinalis）挥发油,用GC—MS进行测定,结合计算机检索技术对分离的化合物进行结构鉴定,应用色谱峰面积归一化法计算各成分的相对百分含量。结果：鉴定出34个化学成分,其中相对百分含量大于2％的分别确定为L-龙脑（Bomeol L）29．28％,α-姜烯（Alpha—Zingiberene）4．88％,2-甲基-6-对甲基苯基-2-庚烯（Ar-Cureumene）4．49％,1-己醇（1-Hexanol）3．40％,β-倍半水芹烯（beta—sesquiphellandrene）3．34％,2-戊基呋喃（2-Amylfuran）3．32％,正壬醛（n—nonanal）2．17％,樟脑（L—camphor）2．07％,β-没药烯（bete—Bisabolene）2．06％。结论：34个挥发性成分均为首次从该植物中得到。     

硝酸镧提高黑麦草种子活力和幼苗生物量的生理效应

研究了不同浓度硝酸镧对黑麦草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响及其生理生化变化。结果表明,低浓度硝酸镧（1000mg·L^-1）处理能够提高黑麦草种子的活力和萌发种子的淀粉酶、蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性及IAA、GA和CTK含量;促进幼苗光合速率提高和干物质积累,这可能与硝酸镧提高幼苗叶片叶绿素含量和叶绿体希尔反应活力,促进光合电子传递和磷酸化反应及激活Rubisco羧化活性、PEP羧化酶活性有密切关系,其中以30mg．L^-1浓度处理的效果最佳;高浓度硝酸镧（70-100mg·L-1）处理则降低种子活力和抑制幼苗生长。而10-100mg．L-1硝酸镧对种子的萌发率、ABA含量和Rubisco的加氧活性影响不大。由此可见,低浓度硝酸镧可通过参与萌发和光合过程的调控提高黑麦草种子的活力,促进幼苗生长。     

植物硫氧还蛋白系统

硫氧还蛋白是一类催化二硫键氧化还原的小蛋白,它通过调控细胞中氧化还原状态发挥重要的作用。在植物中,硫氧还蛋白系统尤为复杂,参与了植物的新陈代谢、转录翻译调控、信号传导以及植物的抗逆反应等。本文主要通过对植物硫氧还蛋白分类、活性位点、结构以及3种硫氧还蛋白系统研究现状进行概述,并对植物的硫氧还蛋白及系统进行了展望,从而较为全面地综述了植物的硫氧还蛋白系统,为进一步了解硫氧还蛋白在植物体内的作用机制奠定基础,也为今后的相关研究提供参考。     

江西省中华秋沙鸭越冬种群现状调查与胁迫因素分析

于2009年2月对江西省五大水系:赣江、抚河、信江、饶河和修水的越冬中华秋沙鸭种群展开专项调查,分析了江西省越冬中华秋沙鸭种群的数量、性比、空间分布格局、生境特征及其胁迫因素.主要采用样线法在五大水系的主要河道展开同步调查,调查样线总长度400 km.结果发现,江西省越冬中华秋沙鸭有26个生活群255只个体,雌雄性比为119:117,其生活群雌雄性比也多接近1:1.江西省五大水系中,除赣江外,在其他4个水系均发现有中华秋沙鸭越冬群体.除了在曾有中华秋沙鸭越冬记录的婺源、贵溪、弋阳、浮梁、修水发现其越冬群体外,还首次在江西省境内的宜黄、武宁和龙虎山地区发现有较大的中华秋沙鸭越冬群体,而且龙虎山泸溪河段分布有本次调查中个体数量最大的有53只个体的群体.人类采砂活动、水质污染、非法捕鱼和家禽饲养是目前影响该种群生存的主要胁迫因素.     

The significance of CD14+ monocytes in peripheral blood stem cells for the treatment of rat liver cirrhosis

Background aimsCirculating monocytes have been exploited as an important progenitor cell resource for hepatocytes in vitro and are instrumental in the removal of fibrosis. We investigated the significance of monocytes in peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) for the treatment of liver cirrhosis.MethodsRat CD14⁺ monocytes in PBSC were mobilized with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and harvested by magnetic cell sorting (MACS). Female rats with carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced liver cirrhosis were injected CM-DiI-labeled monocytes, CD14^? cells (1 × 10⁷ cells/rat) or saline via the portal vein.ResultsRat CD14⁺ and CD11b⁺ monocytes in PBSC were partly positive for CD34, CD45, CD44, Oct3/4 and Sox2, suggesting monocytes with progenitor capacity. Compared with CD14^? cell-infused and saline-injected rats, rats undergoing monocyte transplantation showed a gradually increased serum albumin level and decreased portal vein pressure, resulting in a significantly improved survival rate. Meanwhile, monocyte transplantation apparently attenuated liver fibrosis by analysis for fibronectin, α2-(1)-procollagen, α-smooth muscle aorta (SMA) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. Transplanted monocytes mainly clustered in periportal areas of liver, in which 1.8% cells expressed hepatocyte marker albumin and CK18. The expression level of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), TGF-α, extracellular matrix (EGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) increased, while monocyte transplantation enhanced hepatocyte proliferation. On the other hand, the activities and expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) increased while tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 expression significantly reduced in monocyte-transplanted livers. Some transplanted monocytes expressed MMP-9 and -13.ConclusionsThe data suggest that CD14⁺ monocytes in PBSC contribute to hepatocyte regeneration and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling in rat liver cirrhosis much more than CD14^? cells, and might offer a therapeutic alternative for patients with liver cirrhosis.