胃息肉与幽门螺杆菌感染关系研究

目的探讨胃息肉与幽门螺杆菌（Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori）感染关系。方法对1218例胃息肉同时进行H．pylori检查患者进行回顾性分析,分析胃息肉患者H.pylori感染率、胃息肉部位与H.pylori感染关系、胃息肉病理类型与H.pylori感染关系。结果发现胃息肉Hpylori感染患者532例,Hpylori感染率为43．7％。男性胃息肉患者H.pylori感染率为47．5％（216／455）,女性Hpriori感染率感染率为41．4％（316／763）（P〉0．05）,年龄〈20岁、20～39岁、40—59岁和≥60岁胃息肉H.priori感染率分别为41．7％、44．7％、41．6％和47．2％（P〉0．05）;胃窦胃角息肉H.pylori感染率高于其他部位（胃体、胃底和贲门）（P〈0．05）;炎性和增生性胃息肉H.priori感染率高于胃底腺和腺瘤性息肉（P〈0．05）。结论H.pylori感染可能与部分胃息肉发生有一定关系,需要进一步深入研究胃息肉的发生机制。     

Routes to higher-carbon sugar derivatives having keto-acetylenic and -alkenic,and α,β-unsaturated aldehyde functionality

Oxidative dimerization of 7,8-dideoxy-1,2:3,4-di-O-isopropylidene-d-glycero-α-d-galacto-oct-7-ynopyranoside (1) gave a high yield of the diyne 2, readily reduced by lithium aluminum hydride to the trans,trans-diene (4). The structures of 2 and 4 were established spectroscopically and by degradation of 4 to d-glycero-d-galacto-heptitol (perscitol). A mixture of the alkyne 1 and its 7-epimer 10 was readily oxidized by dimethyl sulfoxide-acetic anhydride to the 6-ketone 11, and the 8-alkene analog was similarly prepared from the alkenes derived from 1 and 10. Likewise, oxidation of 6,7-dideoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-α-d-gluco(and β-L-ido)-hept-6-enopyranose gave the corresponding 5-ketone. The acetylenic ketone 11 gave a crystalline oxime and (2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazone, the latter being accompanied by the product of attack of the reagent at the acetylene terminus (C-8). Previous work had shown that formyl-methylenetriphenylphosphorane did not convert 1,2:3,4-di-O-isopropylidene-6-aldehydo-α-d-galacto-hexodialdo-1,5-pyranose into the corresponding C₈ unsaturated aldehyde, although the latter was obtainable via1 and 10 by an ethynylation-hydroboration sequence. The Wittig route with formylmethylenetriphenylphosphorane is shown to be satisfactory for obtaining C₇ unsaturated aldehydes from 3-O-benzyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-5-aldehydo-α-d-xylo-pentodialdo-1,4-furanose (22) and the 3-epimer of 22, respectively. These reactions provide convenient access to higher-carbon sugars and chiral dienes for synthesis of optically pure products of cyclo-addition reactions.     

Isolation and characterization of an induced chondroitinase ABC from Flavobacterium heparinum

During the investigation of alternative methods for the large scale preparation of chondroitinases AC, B and C from Flavobacterium heparinum, a new chondroitinase activity was observed. This new enzyme, like the other chondroitinases, acts as an eliminase, forming unsaturated sulfated disaccharides from dermatan and chondroitin sulfates. In contrast to the chondroitinases previously described, which are endoglycosidases, this chondroitinase ABC cleaves the glycosidic linkages in an exolytic fashion, beginning at the reducing end of the substrate molecules. The oligosaccharides formed as transient products by the action of either chondroitinases or testicular hyaluronidase upon dermatan and chondroitin sulfates are also rapidly degraded by the chondroitinase ABC, regardless of their size or the presence of delta-4,5 unsaturation in the terminal uronic acid residue. The maximum activity of the chondroitinase ABC occurs at 30 degrees C and at pH 6.0-7.5. Only 15% of the activity was observed at 37 degrees C, indicating that the enzyme is very sensitive to thermal denaturation. It is strongly inhibited by phosphate ions and is also inhibited by the unsaturated disaccharides formed.     

青海湟水流域蝶类

1995～2003年调查并整理分析青海湟水流域的蝶类,有9科52属80种,其中凤蝶科1属2种,绢蝶科1属6种,粉蝶科8属22种,斑蝶科1属1种,眼蝶科12属13种,蛱蝶科15属18种,蚬蝶科1属3种,灰蝶科9属10种,弄蝶科4属5种.以古北界为主,青藏区最为丰富.     

H2S relaxes isolated human airway smooth muscle cells via the sarcolemmal KATP channel

Here we explored the impact of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) on biophysical properties of the primary human airway smooth muscle (ASM)–the end effector of acute airway narrowing in asthma. Using magnetic twisting cytometry (MTC), we measured dynamic changes in the stiffness of isolated ASM, at the single-cell level, in response to varying doses of GYY4137 (1–10 mM). GYY4137 slowly released appreciable levels of H₂S in the range of 10–275 μM, and H₂S released was long lived. In isolated human ASM cells, GYY4137 acutely decreased stiffness (i.e. an indicator of the single-cell relaxation) in a dose-dependent fashion, and stiffness decreases were sustained in culture for 24 h. Human ASM cells showed protein expressions of cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE; a H₂S synthesizing enzyme) and ATP-sensitive potassium (K_ATP) channels. The K_ATP channel opener pinacidil effectively relaxed isolated ASM cells. In addition, pinacidil-induced ASM relaxation was completely inhibited by the treatment of cells with the K_ATP channel blocker glibenclamide. Glibenclamide also markedly attenuated GYY4137-mediated relaxation of isolated human ASM cells. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that H₂S causes the relaxation of human ASM and implicate as well the role for sarcolemmal K_ATP channels. Finally, given that ASM cells express intrinsic enzymatic machinery of generating H₂S, we suggest thereby this class of gasotransmitter can be further exploited for potential therapy against obstructive lung disease.     

Allosteric regulation of the light-harvesting system of photosystem II

Non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence (NPQ) is symptomatic of the regulation of energy dissipation by the light-harvesting antenna of photosystem II (PS II). The kinetics of NPQ in both leaves and isolated chloroplasts are determined by the transthylakoid delta pH and the de-epoxidation state of the xanthophyll cycle. In order to understand the mechanism and regulation of NPQ we have adopted the approaches commonly used in the study of enzyme-catalysed reactions. Steady-state measurements suggest allosteric regulation of NPQ, involving control by the xanthophyll cycle carotenoids of a protonation-dependent conformational change that transforms the PS II antenna from an unquenched to a quenched state. The features of this model were confirmed using isolated light-harvesting proteins. Analysis of the rate of induction of quenching both in vitro and in vivo indicated a bimolecular second-order reaction; it is suggested that quenching arises from the reaction between two fluorescent domains, possibly within a single protein subunit. A universal model for this transition is presented based on simple thermodynamic principles governing reaction kinetics.     

马来酸氟伏沙明片联合氨磺必利治疗精神分裂症患者的疗效及安全性分析

目的:分析马来酸氟伏沙明片联合氨磺必利治疗精神分裂症患者的临床疗效及安全性。方法:选择我院2014年2月~2018年2月收治的182例精神分裂症患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组99例和研究组83例。对照组采用氨磺必利治疗,研究组在对照组基础上联合马来酸氟伏沙明片治疗。比较两组临床疗效,治疗前后血脂代谢、总胆汁酸(TBA)水平,阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)评分,生活质量,及不良发生情况。结果:治疗后,研究组总有效率为91.57%,显著高于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗前后空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白-C(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白-C(HLD-C)、总胆汁酸(TBA)水平比较均无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组治疗后PANSS评分均较治疗前显著下降,生活质量评分较治疗前均明显上升,且研究组PANSS评分显著低于对照组,而生活质量评分明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗过程中,两组均有体重增加、口渴及便秘发生,两组不良反应发生情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:马来酸氟伏沙明片联合氨磺必利治疗能够提高精神分裂症患者疗效,对机体糖脂代谢及肝功能影响较小,有良好的用药安全性。     

中国肩花蝽属雌性交配管的形态研究

半翅目花蝽科（Anthocoridae） 昆虫的种类鉴定通常是以雄性外生殖器特征为主, 雌虫的种类鉴定一直是研究中的难点。本文研究了中国肩花蝽属 Tetraphleps 已知5个种雌虫的交配管,包括黑色肩花蝽T. aterrimus (Sahlberg)、斑翅肩花蝽T. galchanoides Ghauri、毛肩花蝽T. pilosulus Bu et Zheng、直长肩花蝽T. parallelus Bu et Zheng和玉龙肩花蝽T. yulongensis Bu et Zheng。发现交配管的构造在种内变异小、特征稳定,而在种间差别明显,可作为该属雌虫种类鉴定的可靠依据。     

Screening and identification of a microsatellite marker associated with sex in Wami tilapia, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Oreochromis urolepis hornorum</Emphasis>

In this study, primer pairs of 15 microsatellite markers associated with sex determination of tilapia were selected and amplified in Wami tilapia, Oreochromis urolepis hornorum. While one marker, UNH168, on linkage group 3 (LG3) was associated (P < 0.001) with the phenotypic sex in the experimental population, nine genotypes were detected in both sexes. Only 99-bp allele was detected in the female samples, while 141, 149 and 157-bp alleles were present in both male and female samples. UNH168 was localized by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on the long arm of the largest tilapia chromosome pair (chromosome 1, equivalent to LG3). This sex-linked microsatellite marker could potentially be used for marker-assisted selection in tilapia breeding programmes to produce monosex male tilapia.     

Cerebral Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Activity and γ-Aminobutyric Acid Concentrations in Mice Susceptible or Resistant to Audiogenic Seizures

Abstract: DBA/2 mice between 21 and 28 days of age are highly susceptible to sound-induced seizures. Drug studies suggest a possible deficit of γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated neurotransmission may be involved. We have measured the whole brain GABA concentration and glutamic acid decar-boxylase activity in DBA/2 mice at various ages before, during, and after the period of maximal susceptibility to audiogenic seizures. Corresponding determinations were carried out on age-matched TO mice, a strain much less susceptible to audiogenic seizures than DBA/2 mice at all ages. No significant differences in GABA concentration or glutamic acid decarboxylase activity were found between strains at any age. The susceptibility of DBA/2 mice to audiogenic seizures does not result from a gross inability to synthesise or store GABA.