The role of protein arginine methyltransferase 7 in human developmentally arrested embryos cultured in vitro

Human embryos of in vitro fertilization (IVF) are often susceptible to developmental arrest,which greatly reduces the efficiency of IVF treatment.In recent year...     

围封10年对荒漠草原群落物种多样性与优势种空间分布格局的影响

围封是修复退化草原生态系统的主要措施之一,科学与优化围封方式是目前草地资源管理中急需解决的科学问题。以内蒙古围栏封育10年和未围封的荒漠草原为研究对象,分析围封和未围封对内蒙古荒漠草原群落物种多样性和优势种空间分布格局的影响,旨在为荒漠草原的恢复与重建提供科学依据。结果显示:(1)围封10年显著提高了荒漠草原的植被盖度、密度、高度和地上生物量;(2)围封10年对Margalef多样性指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson丰富度指数和Pielou均匀度指数无显著影响,但围封均低于未围封样地;(3)围封10年对优势种短花针茅(Stipa breviflora)及糙隐子草(Cleistogenes squarrosa)的空间分布格局有较为显著的影响,与未围封相比围封后糙隐子草的分布格局变得单一,短花针茅分布格局变得多样。总体看来,围封10年后,荒漠草原群落物种组成、物种优势度和优势种的空间分布格局均发生一定程度变化,反映出围封后草地生态系统中植物适应其生存环境的策略,围封方式应根据立地条件,科学制定围封年限以达到较好的生态恢复效果。     

内蒙古大青山华北落叶松人工林乔木层碳密度年增量与气象因子的关系

以内蒙古大青山华北落叶松人工林为研究对象,通过树木年轮法和异速生长方程法,计算华北落叶松人工林生物量、碳密度及其年增量的年际变化,并分析碳密度年增量与气温、降水、湿度等气象因子的关系。研究发现：华北落叶松人工林碳密度随着林龄增加的变化曲线可用逻辑斯谛生长方程拟合,在1979—2016年,碳密度由1.05 t/hm~2增加到76.83 t/hm~2。华北落叶松人工林碳密度年增量存在显著的年际差异,总体上呈波动性的“慢-快-慢”趋势,碳密度年增量最高达到3.72 t hm^-2 a^-1,多年平均为2.05 t hm^-2 a^-1。华北落叶松人工林碳密度年增量与上年6月和当年6—8月的降水量显著正相关,与上年11月降水显著负相关;与上年11—12月、当年2月和12月的温度和大气相对湿度分别呈正、负相关;与上年7月、9月及当年8—9月的温度保持显著或极显著正相关。研究表明,温度、湿度和降水主要通过生长季的长短和土壤可利用水分及冬季的雪害冻害影响华北落叶松人工林的碳汇潜力,在未来该地区升温增湿的气候变化趋势下华北...     

Excessive processing and acetylation of OPA1 aggravate age-related hearing loss via the dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics

The pathogenesis of age-related hearing loss (ARHL) remains unclear. OPA1 is the sole fusion protein currently known to be situated in the inner mitochondrial membrane, which is pivotal for maintaining normal mitochondrial function. While it has already been demonstrated that mutations in OPA1 may lead to hereditary deafness, its involvement in the occurrence and development of ARHL has not been previously explored. In our study, we constructed D-gal-induced senescent HEI-OC1 cells and the cochlea of C57BL/6J mice with a mutated SUMOylation site of SIRT3 using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. We found enhanced L-OPA1 processing mediated by activated OMA1, and increased OPA1 acetylation resulting from reductions in SIRT3 levels in senescent HEI-OC1 cells. Consequently, the fusion function of OPA1 was inhibited, leading to mitochondrial fission and pyroptosis in hair cells, ultimately exacerbating the aging process of hair cells. Our results suggest that the dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics in cochlear hair cells in aged mice can be ameliorated by activating the SIRT3/OPA1 signaling. This has the potential to alleviate the senescence of cochlear hair cells and reduce hearing loss in mice. Our study highlights the significant roles played by the quantities of long and short chains and the acetylation activity of OPA1 in the occurrence and development of ARHL. This finding offers new perspectives and potential targets for the prevention and treatment of ARHL.     

Aging in the dermis: Fibroblast senescence and its significance

Skin aging is characterized by changes in its structural, cellular, and molecular components in both the epidermis and dermis. Dermal aging is distinguished by reduced dermal thickness, increased wrinkles, and a sagging appearance. Due to intrinsic or extrinsic factors, accumulation of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) triggers a series of aging events, including imbalanced extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis, accumulation of senescent fibroblasts, loss of cell identity, and chronic inflammation mediated by senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). These events are regulated by signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Senescent fibroblasts can induce and accelerate age-related dysfunction of other skin cells and may even cause systemic inflammation. In this review, we summarize the role of dermal fibroblasts in cutaneous aging and inflammation. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms by which dermal fibroblasts influence cutaneous aging and inflammation are also discussed.     

Three new red neutral and ionic iridium(III) complexes based on the same main ligand and auxiliary ligand but with different counterions for solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes

Three new neutral and ionic phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes were successfully prepared using 1-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)isoquinoline as the main ligand, while the auxiliary ligand was 2-(2-1H-imidazolyl)pyridine. Three complexes (Ir1, Ir2, Ir3) showed red emission, peaking at 610, 609, and 615 nm, respectively, and they exhibited good solubility and excellent photophysical properties in different solvents, which is suitable to prepare organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by solution method. Among the three OLEDs prepared by iridium(III) complexes using the solution method, the device based on Ir2 possessed better electroluminescent properties, and its maximum brightness, current efficiency (CE), power efficiency (PE), and the maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) were 507.2 cd m⁻², 0.14 cd A⁻¹, 0.06 lm W⁻¹, and 0.14%. respectively, proving that the three complexes have a certain of potential for OLEDs applications and are expected to expand the applications of iridium(III) complexes for OLEDs.