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Marcellene A. Gates-Hollingsworth Mark R. Perry Hongjing Chen James Needham Raymond L. Houghton Syamal Raychaudhuri Mark A. Hubbard Thomas R. Kozel 《PloS one》2015,10(5)
Inhalational anthrax is a serious biothreat. Effective antibiotic treatment of inhalational anthrax requires early diagnosis; the further the disease has progressed, the less the likelihood for cure. Current means for diagnosis such as blood culture require several days to a result and require advanced laboratory infrastructure. An alternative approach to diagnosis is detection of a Bacillus anthracis antigen that is shed into blood and can be detected by rapid immunoassay. The goal of the study was to evaluate detection of poly-γ-D-glutamic acid (PGA), the capsular antigen of B. anthracis, as a biomarker surrogate for blood culture in a rabbit model of inhalational anthrax. The mean time to a positive blood culture was 26 ± 5.7 h (mean ± standard deviation), whereas the mean time to a positive ELISA was 22 ± 4.2 h; P = 0.005 in comparison with blood culture. A lateral flow immunoassay was constructed for detection of PGA in plasma at concentrations of less than 1 ng PGA/ml. Use of the lateral flow immunoassay for detection of PGA in the rabbit model found that antigen was detected somewhat earlier than the earliest time point at which the blood culture became positive. The low cost, ease of use, and rapid time to result of the lateral flow immunoassay format make an immunoassay for PGA a viable surrogate for blood culture for detection of infection in individuals who have a likelihood of exposure to B. anthracis. 相似文献
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Baoying Guo Congxin Xie Hongjing Li Lei Shan Huanling Wang Bin Huo Yan Zhang Qing Zhou 《Conservation Genetics》2009,10(3):547-550
A total of 14 novel dinucleotide microsatellite loci were developed using genomic DNA enrichment protocol and characterized
for one Glyptosternoid catfish, Glyptosternum maculatum. Polymorphism was explored using 36 individuals from one natural population. The observed number of alleles ranged from 2
to 9. The ranges of observed and expected heterozygosity were 0.0278 to 1 and 0.4319 to 0.8498, respectively and the average
of PIC was 0.5754. In addition, successful cross-species amplification of these set of microsatellite markers in the related taxa,
Pseudechenneis sulcatus (McClelland) suggested that they would provide a useful tool for the genetic and conservation studies of Sisoridae species. 相似文献
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The unique properties of capillary electrochromatography such as high performance, high selectivity, minimum consumption of both reagents and samples, and good compatibility with mass spectrometry make this technique an attractive one for the analysis of biomolecules including peptides, proteins, carbohydrates, nucleosides and nucleotides. Irreversible adsorption between the biomolecules and the charged packing surface leads to a lack of reproducibility and serious peak tailing, so various approaches have been taken to overcome this and to improve the technique for future challenges. 相似文献
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Hongjing Yan Jianjun Li H. Fisher Raymond Xiping Huan Wenhui Guan Haiyang Hu Haitao Yang Willi McFarland Chongyi Wei 《PloS one》2016,11(4)
BackgroundHIV testing is the first point of HIV treatment entry for HIV-infected individuals and an avenue to engage persons at risk in prevention. In China, where the prevalence of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM) has been rising over the last decade, uptake of HIV testing has been low.MethodsWe examined changes in HIV testing in the preceding 12 months through two cross-sectional surveys conducted among MSM in Nanjing, Jiangsu province, China in 2008 and 2012. Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was used to recruit participants. Questionnaire interviews and venous blood were collected to measure HIV testing, risk behaviors, and prevalence of HIV, syphilis, and HSV-2.ResultsA total of 430 and 589 MSM were surveyed in 2008 and 2012, respectively, with comparable samples in each round with respect to demographic characteristics. HIV testing in the past 12 months increased significantly from 20.1% (95% CI 13.3–26.8) in 2008 to 46.0% (95% CI 39.3–51.4, p < 0.001) in 2012. HIV prevalence was stable, at 6.6% (95% CI 2.5–11.3) in 2008 and 10.1% (95% CI 6.6–13.9, p = 0.240) in 2012, as was syphilis (14.3% in 2008 vs. 9.9% in 2012, p = 0.240). HSV-2 prevalence (18.6% in 2008 vs. 10.2% in 2012, p = 0.040) and self-reported STI in the last year (24.3% in 2008 vs. 14.3% in 2012, p = 0.020) significantly decreased. Changes in reported sexual behaviors were mixed and the profiles of who did and did not test varied between 2008 and 2012.ConclusionsHIV testing uptake more than doubled among MSM in Nanjing from 2008 to 2012 –a period of massive promotion and scale up of testing programs for MSM. However, additional efforts are still needed to further increase the proportion of men being not only tested but also undergoing repeat testing if they engage in continued risk taking behavior. 相似文献
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Modulation of cellular disulfide-bond formation and the ER redox environment by feedback regulation of Ero1 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Introduction of disulfide bonds into proteins entering the secretory pathway is catalyzed by Ero1p, which generates disulfide bonds de novo, and Pdi1p, which transfers disulfides to substrate proteins. A sufficiently oxidizing environment must be maintained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to allow for disulfide formation, but a pool of reduced thiols is needed for isomerization of incorrectly paired disulfides. We have found that hyperoxidation of the ER is prevented by attenuation of Ero1p activity through noncatalytic cysteine pairs. Deregulated Ero1p mutants lacking certain cysteines show increased enzyme activity, a decreased lag phase in kinetic assays, and growth defects in vivo. We hypothesize that noncatalytic cysteine pairs in Ero1p sense the level of potential substrates in the ER and correspondingly modulate Ero1p activity as part of a homeostatic regulatory system governing the thiol-disulfide balance in the ER. 相似文献
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Yang Xin Zhao Hongjing Wang Yu Liu Juanjuan Guo Menghao Fei Dongxue Mu Mengyao Xing Mingwei 《Biological trace element research》2020,195(2):613-623
Biological Trace Element Research - Arsenic and copper, two toxic pollutants, are powerful inducers of oxidative stress. Exposure to copper and arsenic can cause intestinal injury in cockerel. This... 相似文献
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Weiming Tang Haitao Yang Tanmay Mahapatra Xiping Huan Hongjing Yan Jianjun Li Gengfeng Fu Jinkou Zhao Roger Detels 《PloS one》2013,8(11)