钝齿棒杆菌argR基因缺失株构建及其缺失对精氨酸生物合成途径相关基因转录水平的影响

[目的]钝齿棒杆菌AS 1.542中argR基因编码的蛋白ArgR在精氨酸生物合成途径中扮演负调控的角色,但其对相关基因在转录水平的影响还未见报道.因此,本课题组构建了钝齿棒杆菌argR基因缺失株,并在转录水平上比较野生株与缺失株精氨酸生物合成途径相关基因的变化.[方法]采用无痕敲除的方法构建了钝齿棒杆菌argR基因缺失株,并采用荧光定量PCR方法分析缺失株和野生株精氨酸生物合成途径相关基因在转录水平的变化.[结果]利用pK18mobsacB质粒中蔗糖致死基因sacB反向筛选标记及PCR方法成功筛选到钝齿棒杆菌argR基因缺失株;荧光定量PCR结果表明,argR基因缺失株精氨酸生物合成途径中相关基因在转录水平获得大量提高,平均约上调162.13倍.[结论]钝齿棒杆菌精氨酸生物合成途径的相关基因受负调控蛋白ArgR的显著调控,但其基因的敲除并没有引起精氨酸产量发生明显的变化.     

一养殖场中质粒介导喹诺酮类药物耐药基因qnrS的流行特性

摘要:【目的】研究质粒介导喹诺酮类药物耐药基因qnrS在一养殖场中的流行特点。【方法】分离养殖场不同来源样品中的大肠杆菌菌株,利用美国临床标准委员会(CLSI)推荐的药敏纸片法测定菌株耐药情况,通过质粒接合试验获得qnrS阳性接合子,测定qnrS对喹诺酮类药物最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值的影响及其与其它类抗生素耐药性的相关性,利用脉冲场凝胶电泳分析该场中qnrS阳性菌株遗传进化关系。【结果】环境源菌株qnrS的阳性率为29.2%,显著高于禽源菌株基因检出率(13.4%),新进的雏鸡可迅速从养殖场中获得 qnrS基因并在鸡群中流行。qnrS基因可使接合子对喹诺酮类药物MIC值不同程度升高,并且与其它五类抗生素具有相关性,不同qnrS阳性菌株间遗传关系较远,但也存在同一克隆株的流行。【讨论】qnrS基因主要通过质粒的播散等进行水平传播,同时也存在同一克隆株的流行传播。qnrS基因多样性及其水平传播方式造成了它的广泛流行,加强对耐药基因的监测及研究对减少多重耐药菌株的产生具有重要意义。     

Altuibacter lentus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from deep seawater of the South China Sea

A novel chemoheterotrophic, aerobic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped, yellow-pigmented, bacterial strain JLT2010^T was isolated from deep seawater of the South China Sea. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain JLT2010^T belongs to the family Flavobacteriaceae and is most closely related to Ulvibacter antarcticus IMCC3101^T with 95.7 % similarity. Some phenotypic characteristics such as the absence of flexirubin-type pigments, growth at 37 °C, hydrolysis of casein differentiated strain JLT2010^T from the genus Ulvibacter as well as other genera in the family Flavobacteriaceae. The DNA G+C content of the strain JLT2010^T was found to be 35.7 mol% and the major respiratory quinone was found to be MK-6. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic features, JLT2010^T is classified as a novel genus and species within the family Flavobacteriaceae, for which the name Altuibacter lentus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JLT2010^T (=JCM 18884^T = CGMCC 1.12167^T).     

A chronocoulometric aptasensor based on gold nanoparticles as a signal amplification strategy for detection of thrombin

A sensitive chronocoulometric aptasensor for the detection of thrombin has been developed based on gold nanoparticle amplification. The functional gold nanoparticles, loaded with link DNA (LDNA) and report DNA (RDNA), were immobilized on an electrode by thrombin aptamers performing as a recognition element and capture probe. LDNA was complementary to the thrombin aptamers and RDNA was noncomplementary, but could combine with [Ru(NH₃)₆]³⁺ (RuHex) cations. Electrochemical signals obtained by RuHex that bound quantitatively to the negatively charged phosphate backbone of DNA via electrostatic interactions were measured by chronocoulometry. In the presence of thrombin, the combination of thrombin and thrombin aptamers and the release of the functional gold nanoparticles could induce a significant decrease in chronocoulometric signal. The incorporation of gold nanoparticles in the chronocoulometric aptasensor significantly enhanced the sensitivity. The performance of the aptasensor was further increased by the optimization of the surface density of aptamers. Under optimum conditions, the chronocoulometric aptasensor exhibited a wide linear response range of 0.1–18.5 nM with a detection limit of 30 pM. The results demonstrated that this nanoparticle-based amplification strategy offers a simple and effective approach to detect thrombin.     

Glutamate transporter type 3 knockout leads to decreased heart rate possibly via parasympathetic mechanism

Parasympathetic tone is a dominant neural regulator for basal heart rate. Glutamate transporters (EAAT) via their glutamate uptake functions regulate glutamate neurotransmission in the central nervous system. We showed that EAAT type 3 (EAAT3) knockout mice had a slower heart rate than wild-type mice when they were anesthetized. We design this study to determine whether non-anesthetized EAAT3 knockout mice have a slower heart rate and, if so, what may be the mechanism for this effect. Young adult EAAT3 knockout mice had slower heart rates than those of their littermate wild-type mice no matter whether they were awake or anesthetized. This difference was abolished by atropine, a parasympatholytic drug. Carbamylcholine chloride, a parasympathomimetic drug, equally effectively reduced the heart rates of wild-type and EAAT3 knockout mice. Positive immunostaining for EAAT3 was found in the area of nuclei deriving fibers for vagus nerve. There was no positive staining for the EAATs in the sinoatrial node. These results suggest that EAAT3 knockout mice have a slower heart rate at rest. This effect may be caused by an increased parasympathetic tone possibly due to increased glutamate neurotransmission in the central nervous system. These findings indicate that regulation of heart rate, a vital sign, is one of the EAAT biological functions.     

Structural Mechanism of CCM3 Heterodimerization with GCKIII Kinases

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Highlights? Crystal structure of CCM3-MST4 heterodimeric complex ? Structural mechanism driving CCM3-GCKIII heterodimerization ? Conformational changes required for CCM3-GCKIII heterodimerization ? Synergistic effects of CCM3-MST4 complex on cell proliferation and migration     

猪VHL基因克隆及敲低克隆胚胎的构建

通过在细胞和胚胎水平对猪Von Hippel-Lindau(VHL)基因进行了基因敲低研究,以便为建立VHL疾病模型猪奠定基础.研究首先通过 3'RACE和5'RACE克隆得到猪VHL基因cDNA全长序列(2 725 bp),Real-time PCR结果表明VHL基因广泛表达于猪的各种组织器官,其中在肾上腺、肝脏、胰腺、心脏和睾丸等组织器官高量表达.进一步在猪iPS细胞中对5条干扰片段进行筛选,获得2条高效的干扰片段,干扰效率分别达到72％(P=0.0012)和64％ (P＜ 0.01).以稳定干扰VHL基因的猪胎儿成纤维细胞为核供体,构建克隆胚胎,结果表明,克隆胚胎的发育能力与对照组相比没有明显差异,而且在克隆囊胚中VHL基因的干扰效率达到71％ (P＜ 0.01).综上所述,文中获得了猪VHL基因全长序列并获得该基因稳定敲低的猪细胞和胚胎,从而为VHL疾病模型猪的构建奠定了良好的基础.     

pEGFP-N1-mediated BmK CT expression suppresses the migration of glioma

Gliomas can diffuse into the normal brain and this invasion of glioma cells involves modification of receptor-mediated adhesive properties of tumor cells, degradation and remodeling of extracellular matrix by tumor-secreted metalloproteinase (MMPs) such as MMP-2, consequently creating an intercellular space for invasion of glioma cells. BmK CT, one of the key toxins in scorpion Buthus martensii Karsch venom, is a novel blocker of the chloride ion channel and MMP-2. In this report, a recombinant plasmid pEGFP-N1-BmK CT was constructed and characterized by in vitro studies. The results showed that pEGFP-N1 mediated BmK CT expression displayed a high activity in suppressing cell migration via MMP-2. The potential therapeutic effect of pEGFP-N1 mediated BmK CT against rat glioma C6 cells was assessed and its potential mechanism was elucidated. It represented an approach for developing a novel therapeutic agent—recombinant plasmid pEGFP-N1-BmK CT as an efficient and powerful adjuvant.     

吐鲁番市胃食管反流病发生相关危险因素分析（附280例报道）

目的：探讨280例胃食管反流病（GERD）的分布特点及危险因素。方法：对临床诊断和胃镜确诊的280例GERD患者进行临床和风险因子相关性分析。结果：不论汉族还是维族,男性患者比例均明显高于女性;汉族患者高发年龄段早于维族患者（z=-2．939,P=0．003,）;汉族和维族患者占反流性食管炎和Barrett食管比例分别为42．4％、81_3％及56．5％、18．8％,其中汉族患者Barrett食管比例较高（X2=14．358,P=0．000）;肥胖、习惯性便秘、重体力活动者、饮食习惯不良在维族患者中的比例较高（P〈0．001）。结论：GERD与性别、年龄密切相关,男性多于女性,汉族患者发病年龄高峰旱于维族患者;汉族患者Barrett食管发生比例高于维族患者;肥胖、习惯性便秘、重体力活动、饮食习惯不良可能是GERD尤其是维族人群GERD的危险因素。     

Folate receptor-mediated boron-10 containing carbon nanoparticles as potential delivery vehicles for boron neutron capture therapy of nonfunctional pituitary adenomas

Invasive nonfunctional pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) are difficult to completely resect and often develop tumor recurrence after initial surgery. Currently, no medications are clinically effective in the control of NFPA. Although radiation therapy and radiosurgery are useful to prevent tumor regrowth, they are frequently withheld because of severe complications. Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a binary radiotherapy that selectively and maximally damages tumor cells without harming the surrounding normal tissue. Folate receptor (FR)-targeted boron-10 containing carbon nanoparticles is a novel boron delivery agent that can be selectively taken up by FR-expressing cells via FR-mediated endocytosis. In this study, FR-targeted boron-10 containing carbon nanoparticles were selectively taken up by NFPAs cells expressing FR but not other types of non-FR expressing pituitary adenomas. After incubation with boron-10 containing carbon nanoparticles and following irradiation with thermal neutrons, the cell viability of NFPAs was significantly decreased, while apoptotic cells were simultaneously increased. However, cells administered the same dose of FR-targeted boron-10 containing carbon nanoparticles without neutron irradiation or received the same neutron irradiation alone did not show significant decrease in cell viability or increase in apoptotic cells. The expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated and the expression of Bax was up-regulated in NFPAs after treatment with FR-mediated BNCT. In conclusion, FR-targeted boron-10 containing carbon nanoparticles may be an ideal delivery system of boron to NFPAs cells for BNCT. Furthermore, our study also provides a novel insight into therapeutic strategies for invasive NFPA refractory to conventional therapy, while exploring these new applications of BNCT for tumors, especially benign tumors.