全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3126篇 |
免费 | 207篇 |
国内免费 | 140篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 6篇 |
2023年 | 57篇 |
2022年 | 126篇 |
2021年 | 252篇 |
2020年 | 174篇 |
2019年 | 213篇 |
2018年 | 197篇 |
2017年 | 138篇 |
2016年 | 206篇 |
2015年 | 266篇 |
2014年 | 340篇 |
2013年 | 333篇 |
2012年 | 322篇 |
2011年 | 282篇 |
2010年 | 141篇 |
2009年 | 105篇 |
2008年 | 103篇 |
2007年 | 79篇 |
2006年 | 47篇 |
2005年 | 35篇 |
2004年 | 22篇 |
2003年 | 11篇 |
2002年 | 6篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1959年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有3473条查询结果,搜索用时 359 毫秒
11.
12.
Lingyan Jiang Peisheng Wang Xiaomin Li Runxia Lv Lin Wang Bin Yang Di Huang Lu Feng Bin Liu 《Cellular microbiology》2020,22(2)
To establish systemic infections, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) requires Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI‐2) to survive and replicate within macrophages. High expression of many SPI‐2 genes during the entire intracellular growth period within macrophages is essential, as it contributes to the formation of Salmonella‐containing vacuole and bacterial replication. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying the sustained induction of SPI‐2 within macrophages are not fully understood. Here, we revealed a time‐dependent regulation of SPI‐2 expression mediated by a novel regulator PagR (STM2345) in response to the low Mg2+ and low phosphate (Pi) signals, which ensured the high induction of SPI‐2 during the entire intramacrophage growth period. Deletion of pagR results in reduced bacterial replication in macrophages and attenuation of systemic virulence in mice. The effects of pagR on virulence are dependent on upregulating the expression of slyA, a regulator of SPI‐2. At the early (0–4 hr) and later (after 4 hr) stage post‐infection of macrophages, pagR is induced by the low Pi via PhoB/R two‐component systems and low Mg2+ via PhoP/Q systems, respectively. Collectively, our findings revealed that the PagR‐mediated regulatory mechanism contributes to the precise and sustained activation of SPI‐2 genes within macrophages, which is essential for S. Typhimurium systemic virulence. 相似文献
13.
Yu‐Guo Yang Xu‐Ping Wang Bing Liu Yuan‐Yuan Zhang Xian‐Shun Lv Jing Li Lei Wei Hua‐Jian Yu Yanyan Hu Hua‐Di Zhang 《Luminescence》2020,35(4):580-585
Dy3+‐doped Y3Al5O12 phosphors were prepared at a relatively low temperature using molten salt synthesis. The phase of the prepared Dy3+‐doped Y3Al5O12 phosphors was confirmed using X‐ray powder diffraction. Results indicated that Dy3+ doping did not change the Y3Al5O12 phase. Following excitation at 352 nm, emission spectra of the Dy3+‐doped Y3Al5O12 phosphors consisted of blue, yellow, and red emission bands. The influence of Dy3+ concentration and excitation wavelength on emission was investigated. The ratio of yellow light to blue light varied with change in Dy3+ doping concentration, due to changes in the structure around Dy3+. Emission intensities also changed when the excitation wavelength was changed. This variation is luminescence generated a system for tunable white light for Dy3+‐doped Y3Al5O12 phosphors. 相似文献
14.
Abstract Identifying the source effect on heavy metals to human health risk is essential for devising and implementing restoration policies for polluted soils. For this purpose, eight heavy metals (As, Cd, Hg, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in soil profile samples (0–10, 10–20, 20–30, and 30–40?cm) collected in the area around aluminum-plastic manufacturing facilities (APMF) were determined. An absolute principal component score multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) model supported by a health risk assessment (HRA) model was developed to determine the source apportionment of soil heavy metals and contribution rate of pollution sources to human health risk. Results showed significant accumulations of eight metals in the topsoil (0–20?cm), parent material, transportation, APMF, and agricultural practices were the four major contributing sources for heavy metals in soils, with average contribution percentages of 21.69%, 24.99%, 29.60%, and 14.25%, respectively. Carcinogenic risk factors for adults (1.23E-04) and children (1.32E-04) were found to be above the acceptable level (1E-06 to 1E-04). The health risk quantification results indicated that parent material, APMF, transportation, agricultural practices, and unidentified factors accounted for 55.76%, 14.48%, 12.09%, 10.13%, and 7.54% of the carcinogenic risk for children and adults. The adverse impacts of Cd, Zn, and Pb accumulations in soil coming from APMF activities were significant and need to receive more attention. 相似文献
15.
Lei Lv Yang Liu Helen L. Osmond Andrew Cockburn Loeske E. B. Kruuk 《Global Change Biology》2020,26(2):443-457
Climate warming has been shown to affect the timing of the onset of breeding of many bird species across the world. However, for multi‐brooded species, climate may also affect the timing of the end of the breeding season, and hence also its duration, and these effects may have consequences for fitness. We used 28 years of field data to investigate the links between climate, timing of breeding, and breeding success in a cooperatively breeding passerine, the superb fairy‐wren (Malurus cyaneus). This multi‐brooded species from southeastern Australia has a long breeding season and high variation in phenology between individuals. By applying a “sliding window” approach, we found that higher minimum temperatures in early spring resulted in an earlier start and a longer duration of breeding, whereas less rainfall and more heatwaves (days > 29°C) in late summer resulted in an earlier end and a shorter duration of breeding. Using a hurdle model analysis, we found that earlier start dates did not predict whether or not females produced any young in a season. However, for successful females who produced at least one young, earlier start dates were associated with higher numbers of young produced in a season. Earlier end dates were associated with a higher probability of producing at least one young, presumably because unsuccessful females kept trying when others had ceased. Despite larger scale trends in climate, climate variables in the windows relevant to this species’ phenology did not change across years, and there were no temporal trends in phenology during our study period. Our results illustrate a scenario in which higher temperatures advanced both start and end dates of individuals’ breeding seasons, but did not generate an overall temporal shift in breeding times. They also suggest that the complexity of selection pressures on breeding phenology in multi‐brooded species may have been underestimated. 相似文献
16.
Zhengyun Zou Qiuxiang Ou Yu Ren Qing Lv Lanqun Qin Lianjun Zhao Shu Su Xue Wu Hua Bao Ao Wang Dongqin Zhu Xiaonan Wang Yang W. Shao Baorui Liu 《Pigment cell & melanoma research》2020,33(4):601-611
The incidence of melanoma is rising globally including China. Comparing to Caucasians, the incidence of non‐cutaneous melanomas is significantly higher in Chinese. Herein, we performed genomic profiling of 89 Chinese surgically resected primary melanomas, including acral (n = 54), cutaneous (n = 22), and mucosal (n = 13), by hybrid capture‐based next‐generation sequencing. We show that mucosal melanomas tended to harbor more pathogenic mutations than other types of melanoma, though the biological significance of this finding remains uncertain. Chromosomal arm‐level alterations including 6q, 9p, and 10p/q loss were highly recurrent in all subtypes, but mucosal melanoma was significantly associated with increased genomic instability. Importantly, 7p gain significantly correlated with unfavorable clinical outcomes in non‐cutaneous melanomas, representing an intriguing prognostic biomarker of those subtypes. Furthermore, focal amplification of 4q12 (KIT, KDR, and PDGFRα) and RAD51 deletion were more abundant in mucosal melanoma, while NOTCH2 amplification was enriched in acral melanoma. Additionally, cutaneous melanomas had higher mutation load than acral melanomas, while mucosal melanomas did not differ from other subtypes in mutation burden. Together, our data revealed important features of acral and mucosal melanomas in Chinese including distinctive driver mutation pattern and increased genomic instability. These findings highlight the possibilities of combination therapies in the clinical management of melanoma. 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
Qundan Lv Jie Qiu Jie Liu Zheng Li Wenting Zhang Qin Wang Jie Fang Junjie Pan Zhengdao Chen Wenliang Cheng Michael S. Barker Xuehui Huang Xin Wei Kejun Cheng 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2020,103(5):1910-1923
Chimonanthus salicifolius, a member of the Calycanthaceae of magnoliids, is one of the most famous medicinal plants in Eastern China. Here, we report a chromosome‐level genome assembly of C. salicifolius, comprising 820.1 Mb of genomic sequence with a contig N50 of 2.3 Mb and containing 36 651 annotated protein‐coding genes. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that magnoliids were sister to the eudicots. Two rounds of ancient whole‐genome duplication were inferred in the C. salicifolious genome. One is shared by Calycanthaceae after its divergence with Lauraceae, and the other is in the ancestry of Magnoliales and Laurales. Notably, long genes with > 20 kb in length were much more prevalent in the magnoliid genomes compared with other angiosperms, which could be caused by the length expansion of introns inserted by transposon elements. Homologous genes within the flavonoid pathway for C. salicifolius were identified, and correlation of the gene expression and the contents of flavonoid metabolites revealed potential critical genes involved in flavonoids biosynthesis. This study not only provides an additional whole‐genome sequence from the magnoliids, but also opens the door to functional genomic research and molecular breeding of C. salicifolius. 相似文献
20.