Gtl2 lacZ,an insertional mutation on mouse Chromosome 12 with parental origin-dependent phenotype

We have produced a transgenic mouse line, Gtl2 ^lacZ (Gene trap locus 2), that carries an insertional mutation with a dominant modified pattern of inheritance:heterozygous Gtl2 ^lacZ mice that inherited the transgene from the father show a proportionate dwarfism phenotype, whereas the penetrance and expressivity of the phenotype is strongly reduced in Gtl2 ^lacZ mice that inherited the transgene from the mother. On a mixed genetic background this pattern of inheritance was reversible upon transmission of the transgene through the germ line of the opposite sex. On a predominantly 129/Sv genetic background, however, transgene passage through the female germ line modified the transgene effect, such that the penetrance of the mutation was drastically reduced and the phenotype was no longer obvious after subsequent male germ line transmission. Expression of the transgene, however, was neither affected by genetic background nor by parental legacy. Gtl2 ^lacZ maps to mouse Chromosome 12 in a region that displays imprinting effects associated with maternal and paternal disomy. Our results suggest that the transgene insertion in Gtl2 ^lacZ mice affects an endogenous gene(s) required for fetal and postnatal growth and that this gene(s) is predominantly paternally expressed. Received: 30 May 1995 / Accepted: 7 August 1995     

Gathering and processing of lyme-grass (Elymus arenarius L.) in Iceland: an ethnohistorical account

Lyme-grass (Elymus arenarius L.) was harvested and processed for human consumption along the southern coast of Iceland until the beginning of this century. The origin of this exploitation is not known, but lyme-grass may have been gathered for this purpose already in the Viking Age. The system of processing lyme-grass is complex, and special implements and facilities are needed. The method is similar to traditional processing methods for cereals. Extensive research on Icelandic ethnographic observations was undertaken to establish the exact methods and sequence of operations that was involved. On the basis of this, a set of archaeological experiments was performed to test the viability of the processing techniques outlined in the written records. A model describing the harvesting and processing of lyme-grass is presented.     

动态神经网络中的同步振荡

目前有一种假设认为同一视觉对象是由一群神经元的同步振荡活动来表征的。这一神经元发放活动的时间特性,是解决视觉信息处理中“结合问题（Ｂｉｎｄｉｎｇｐｒｏｂｌｅｍ）”的可能机制。本文用我们所提出的一种简化现实性神经网络模型［１］所构造的时滞非线性振子网络［２］,模拟生物神经网络的同步振荡活动。并考虑了振子各参数的设置与振荡活动的关系,以及网络振子间耦联对同步活动的影响．     

耳蜗核神经元的简化现实性模型

采用我们以前提出的简化现实性神经网络模型［１］的一种修正形式,通过选定适当的参数,仿真了耳蜗核的类初级细胞（Ｐｒｉｍａｒｙ－ｌｉｋｅｃｅｌｌ）,梳状反应细胞（Ｃｈｏｐｐｅｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｓｅｃｅｌｌ）以及给刺激反应细胞（Ｏｎｓｅｔｒｅｓｐｏｎｓｅｃｅｌｌ）对短纯青刺激的刺激后时间直方图。并通过分析参数配置和仿真行为的对应关系,指出模型在生理学上的合理性。     

嗜热蓝藻层理鞭枝藻（Mastigocladus laminosus）藻胆体在解离过程中荧光发射光谱和光能传递的研究

研究了层理鞭枝藻藻胆体在不同浓度磷酸缓冲溶液中解离过程中荧光发射光谱的变化和光能传递。完整藻胆体的７７Ｋ荧光光谱中只有一个峰,位于６８５ｎｍ它是末端发射体（核心－膜连接多肽和别藻蓝蛋白－Ｂ）的荧光峰。部分解离藻胆体的荧光光谱的主峰位移至６５２ｎｍ：次峰位于６８５ｎｍ;６６０ｎｍ为一弱荧光发射肩。它们依次为Ｃ－藻蓝蛋白,末端发射体和别藻蓝蛋白的荧光。严重解离藻胆体的荧光主峰移６４４ｎｍ;次峰由６８５ｎｍ移至６８２ｎｍ;６６０ｎｍ荧光发射肩消失。这表明Ｃ－藻蓝蛋白所捕获的光能已不能传递给别藻蓝蛋白,但可传递给末端发射体洞时又表明Ｃ－藻蓝蛋白不仅与别藻蓝蛋白相连接而且还与末端发射体相连接。提出该藻胆体光能传递链如下：核心－膜连接多肽藻红蓝蛋白→Ｃ－藻蓝蛋白→别藻蓝蛋白别藻蓝蛋白－Ｂ     

染色体研究的进展与植物分类学(下)

染色体研究的进展与植物分类学（下）徐炳声,张芝玉,陈家宽,洪德元（中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学开放研究实验室北京１０００９３）（上海第二军医大学药学院上海２００４３３）（武汉大学生命科学学院武汉４３００７２）ＡＤＶＡＮＣＥＳＩＮＣＨＲＯＭＯＳ...     

榄香烯对急性血瘀模型大鼠血液流变性的影响

本文观察了榄香烯对急性血瘀模型大鼠血液流变性的影响。实验结果表明：榄香烯６．２５－２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ／ｄ,ｉｐ×７ｄ,可使血瘀模型鼠的高低切变率全血粘度和还原粘度、血浆粘度、血沉、红细胞聚集指数、纤维蛋白原及红细胞电泳时间等显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５、Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示榄香烯有活血化瘀作用     

中药固真方对一些与细胞增殖有关基因表达的影响

 中药固真方对一些与细胞增殖有关基因表达的影响姚明忠,顾文聪,丁卫,韩志芬,杜国光（上海中医药大学生物化学教研室,上海２０００３２）（北京医科大学生物化学与分子生物学系,北京１０００８３）中药固真方（ＶＲＦ）具有补肾益精、延缓衰老的作用［１］．能提高成...     

油麻藤凝集素的荧光光谱研究

用化学修饰、内源荧光和荧光淬灭等方法研究了油麻藤凝集素（ＭＳＬ）的溶液构象变化和微环境的构象特征。研究发现ＭＳＬ分子中总共有９个色氨酸（Ｔｒｐ）残基,它们的荧光能被丙烯酰胺淬灭,但不易为ＫＩ接近而淬灭,ＭＳＬ经Ｎ－溴代琥珀酰亚胺（ＮＢＳ）修饰后,其内源性荧光发射谱发生相应变化,结果表明ＭＳＬ分子中部分Ｔｒｐ残基埋藏于分子内部,而位于分子表面的Ｔｒｐ残基可能处于分子的疏水袋中。