全文获取类型
收费全文 | 488篇 |
免费 | 52篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 24篇 |
2021年 | 39篇 |
2020年 | 34篇 |
2019年 | 58篇 |
2018年 | 30篇 |
2017年 | 20篇 |
2016年 | 24篇 |
2015年 | 25篇 |
2014年 | 37篇 |
2013年 | 45篇 |
2012年 | 29篇 |
2011年 | 35篇 |
2010年 | 13篇 |
2009年 | 15篇 |
2008年 | 12篇 |
2007年 | 11篇 |
2006年 | 14篇 |
2005年 | 11篇 |
2004年 | 15篇 |
2003年 | 3篇 |
2002年 | 4篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1951年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有542条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
We designed a behavioural paradigm for vibro-tactile detection to characterise the sampling time and performance in the rat whisker sensory system. Rats initiated a trial by nose-poking into an aperture where their whiskers came into contact with two meshes. A continuous nose-poke for a random duration triggered stimulus presentation. Stimuli were a sequence of discrete Gaussian deflections of the mesh that increased in amplitude over time – across 5 conditions, time to maximum amplitude varied from 0.5 to 8 seconds. Rats indicated the detected stimulus by choosing between two reward spouts. Two rats completed more than 500 trials per condition. Rats'' stimulus sampling duration increased and performance dropped with increasing task difficulty. For all conditions the median reaction time was longer for correct trials than incorrect trials. Higher rates of increment in stimulus amplitude resulted in faster rise in performance as a function of stimulus sampling duration. Rats'' behaviour indicated a dynamic stimulus sampling whereby nose-poke was maintained until a stimulus was correctly identified or the rat experienced a false alarm. The perception was then manifested in behaviour after a motor delay. We thus modelled the results with 3 parameters: signal detection, false alarm, and motor delay. The model captured the main features of the data and produced parameter estimates that were biologically plausible and highly similar across the two rats. 相似文献
102.
103.
Hamid Alinejad-Rokny Rassa Ghavami Modegh Hamid R. Rabiee Ehsan Ramezani Sarbandi Narges Rezaie Kin Tung Tam Alistair R. R. Forrest 《PLoS computational biology》2022,18(6)
Hi-C is a genome-wide chromosome conformation capture technology that detects interactions between pairs of genomic regions and exploits higher order chromatin structures. Conceptually Hi-C data counts interaction frequencies between every position in the genome and every other position. Biologically functional interactions are expected to occur more frequently than transient background and artefactual interactions. To identify biologically relevant interactions, several background models that take biases such as distance, GC content and mappability into account have been proposed. Here we introduce MaxHiC, a background correction tool that deals with these complex biases and robustly identifies statistically significant interactions in both Hi-C and capture Hi-C experiments. MaxHiC uses a negative binomial distribution model and a maximum likelihood technique to correct biases in both Hi-C and capture Hi-C libraries. We systematically benchmark MaxHiC against major Hi-C background correction tools including Hi-C significant interaction callers (SIC) and Hi-C loop callers using published Hi-C, capture Hi-C, and Micro-C datasets. Our results demonstrate that 1) Interacting regions identified by MaxHiC have significantly greater levels of overlap with known regulatory features (e.g. active chromatin histone marks, CTCF binding sites, DNase sensitivity) and also disease-associated genome-wide association SNPs than those identified by currently existing models, 2) the pairs of interacting regions are more likely to be linked by eQTL pairs and 3) more likely to link known regulatory features including known functional enhancer-promoter pairs validated by CRISPRi than any of the existing methods. We also demonstrate that interactions between different genomic region types have distinct distance distributions only revealed by MaxHiC. MaxHiC is publicly available as a python package for the analysis of Hi-C, capture Hi-C and Micro-C data. 相似文献
104.
Maryam Rahimi Amir-Hassan Zarnani Homa Mohseni-Kouchesfehani Haleh Soltanghoraei Mohammad-Mehdi Akhondi Somaieh Kazemnejad 《Molecular biotechnology》2014,56(12):1151-1162
In recent years, menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs) have been introduced as easily accessible and refreshing stem cell source without ethical considerations in the field of regenerative medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro cardiac differentiation capacity of MenSCs compared to bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) under two protocols using 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-aza) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Our data revealed that differentiated MenSCs and BMSCs acquired some features of cardiomyocytes; however, degree of differentiation was dependent on the protocol. In a similar manner with BMSCs, differentiated MenSCs showed upper levels of mRNA/protein of late-stage cardiac markers under 5-aza stimulation and continuous treatment with bFGF (protocol 2) compared to those induced by 5-aza alone (protocol 1) evidencing the key role of bFGF in cardiac development of stem cells. Compared to corresponding undifferentiated cells differentiated MenSCs under protocol 2 showed remarkable expression of connexin-43 and TNNT2 at both gene and protein levels, whereas developed BMSCs under the same condition only expressed connextin-43 at the higher level. Superiority of protocol 2 over protocol 1 was confirmed by assessment of LDH and cTnI production by differentiated cells. Based on the accumulative data, our study provided convincing evidence that MenSCs have relatively higher capability to be differentiated toward cardiomyocyte compared with BMSCs. Furthermore, usage of bFGF and 5-aza to induce in vitro cardiac differentiation of MenSCs is highly recommended. 相似文献
105.
Jabbarzadeh E Jiang T Deng M Nair LS Khan YM Laurencin CT 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》2007,98(5):1094-1102
Bone tissue engineering offers promising alternatives to repair and restore tissues. Our laboratory has employed poly(lactide-co-glycolide) PLAGA microspheres to develop a three dimensional (3-D) porous bioresorbable scaffold with a biomimetic pore structure. Osseous healing and integration with the surrounding tissue depends in part on new blood vessel formation within the porous structure. Since endothelial cells play a key role in angiogenesis (formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature), the purpose of this study was to better understand human endothelial cell attachment, viability, growth, and phenotypic expression on sintered PLAGA microsphere scaffold. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination showed cells attaching to the surface of microspheres and bridging the pores between the microspheres. Cell proliferation studies indicated that cell number increased during early stages and reached a plateau between days 10 and 14. Immunofluorescent staining for actin showed that cells were proliferating three dimensionally through the scaffolds while staining for PECAM-1 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule) displayed typical localization at cell-cell contacts. Gene expression analysis showed that endothelial cells grown on PLAGA scaffolds maintained their normal characteristic phenotype. The cell proliferation and phenotypic expression were independent of scaffold pore architecture. These results demonstrate that PLAGA sintered microsphere scaffolds can support the growth and biological functions of human endothelial cells. The insights from this study should aid future studies aimed at enhancing angiogenesis in three dimensional tissue engineered scaffolds. 相似文献
106.
107.
Ghulam Murtaza Shahid Mehmood Shahid Rasul Imran Murtaza Ehsan Ullah Khan 《Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy》2018,23(3):189-198
Aim
The aim of study was to evaluate the dosimetric effect of collimator-rotation on VMAT plan quality, when using limited aperture multileaf collimator of Elekta Beam Modulator? providing a maximum aperture of 21 cm × 16 cm.Background
The increased use of VMAT technique to deliver IMRT from conventional to very specialized treatments present a challenge in plan optimization. In this study VMAT plans were optimized for prostate and head and neck cancers using Elekta Beam-ModulatorTM, whereas previous studies were reported for conventional Linac aperture.Materials and methods
VMAT plans for nine of each prostate and head-and-neck cancer patients were produced using the 6 MV photon beam for Elekta-SynergyS® Linac using Pinnacle3 treatment planning system. Single arc, dual arc and two combined independent-single arcs were optimized for collimator angles (C) 0°, 90° and 0°–90° (0°–90°; i.e. the first-arc was assigned C0° and second-arc was assigned C90°). A treatment plan comparison was performed among C0°, C90° and C(0°–90°) for single-arc dual-arc and two independent-single-arcs VMAT techniques to evaluate the influence of extreme collimator rotations (C0° and 90°) on VMAT plan quality. Plan evaluation criteria included the target coverage, conformity index, homogeneity index and doses to organs at risk. A ‘two-sided student t-test’ (p ≤ 0.05) was used to determine if there was a significant difference in dose volume indices of plans.Results
For both prostate and head-and-neck, plan quality at collimator angles C0° and C(0°–90°) was clinically acceptable for all VMAT-techniques, except SA for head-and-neck. Poorer target coverage, higher normal tissue doses and significant p-values were observed for collimator angle 90° when compared with C0° and C(0°–90°).Conclusions
A collimator rotation of 0° provided significantly better target coverage and sparing of organs-at-risk than a collimator rotation of 90° for all VMAT techniques. 相似文献108.
Diminished circulating concentration of interleukin‐35 in Helicobacter pylori‐infected patients with peptic ulcer: Its association with FOXP3 gene polymorphism,bacterial virulence factor CagA,and gender of patients
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Helicobacter》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
109.
110.