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71.
Hussein YR Bandyopadhyay S Semaan A Ahmed Q Albashiti B Jazaerly T Nahleh Z Ali-Fehmi R 《Translational oncology》2011,4(6):321-327
INTRODUCTION: Glucose transporter 1 (Glut-1) is a facilitative glucose transporter expressed in many cancers including breast cancer. Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is a high-risk disease associated with poor prognosis and lacks the benefit of targeted therapy. The aim of this study was to characterize the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of Glut-1 in patients with BLBC compared with non-BLBC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We identified 523 cases of invasive breast carcinoma from our database. The clinicopathologic findings and the biologic markers including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2) status were reviewed. IHC stains for cytokeratin 5/6 (CK5/6), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), p53, and Glut-1 were performed on tissue microarray using standard procedures. BLBC was defined as ER-,PR-, Her2-, and CK5/6+ and/or EGFR+. RESULTS: Of informative cases, 14.7% were categorized as BLBC versus 85.3% as non-BLBC. Glut-1 was expressed in 42 (76.4%) of 55 BLBCs, whereas only 55 (23.8%) of 231 non-BLBCs showed immunostaining for Glut-1 (P < .001). Overall, Glut-1 expression was significantly associated with high histologic grade, ER negativity, PR negativity, CK5/6 positivity, EGFR expression, and high p53 expression (P < .001). However, there was no correlation between Glut-1 immunostaining and patient's outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that Glut-1 is significantly associated with BLBC and might be a potential therapeutic target for this aggressive subgroup of breast cancer, and this warrants further investigations. 相似文献
72.
Keiser J Sayed H el-Ghanam M Sabry H Anani S el-Wakeel A Hatz C Utzinger J el-Din SS el-Maadawy W Botros S 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2011,5(9):e1285
Background
Fascioliasis is an emerging zoonotic disease of considerable veterinary and public health importance. Triclabendazole is the only available drug for treatment. Laboratory studies have documented promising fasciocidal properties of the artemisinins (e.g., artemether).Methodology
We carried out two exploratory phase-2 trials to assess the efficacy and safety of oral artemether administered at (i) 6×80 mg over 3 consecutive days, and (ii) 3×200 mg within 24 h in 36 Fasciola-infected individuals in Egypt. Efficacy was determined by cure rate (CR) and egg reduction rate (ERR) based on multiple Kato-Katz thick smears before and after drug administration. Patients who remained Fasciola-positive following artemether dosing were treated with single 10 mg/kg oral triclabendazole. In case of treatment failure, triclabendazole was re-administered at 20 mg/kg in two divided doses.Principal Findings
CRs achieved with 6×80 mg and 3×200 mg artemether were 35% and 6%, respectively. The corresponding ERRs were 63% and nil, respectively. Artemether was well tolerated. A high efficacy was observed with triclabendazole administered at 10 mg/kg (16 patients; CR: 67%, ERR: 94%) and 20 mg/kg (4 patients; CR: 75%, ERR: 96%).Conclusions/Significance
Artemether, administered at malaria treatment regimens, shows no or only little effect against fascioliasis, and hence does not represent an alternative to triclabendazole. The role of artemether and other artemisinin derivatives as partner drug in combination chemotherapy remains to be elucidated. 相似文献73.
Role of fine needle aspirate mapping and touch imprint preparations in the evaluation of azoospermia
Hussein MR Bedaiwy MM Ezat A Ibraheem AF Nayel M 《Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology / the International Academy of Cytology [and] American Society of Cytology》2005,27(2):67-70
OBJECTIVE: To assess the utility of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and touch imprint cytology (TIC) in the evaluation of azoospermia. STUDY DESIGN: FNAC, TIC and open testicular biopsy (OTB) were used to evaluate 31 azoospermic men. RESULTS: OTB revealed normal spermatogenesis (10), spermatogenic arrest (12), Sertoli cell only syndrome (SCO) (7) and unsatisfactory cases (2). Cytologic examinations (TIC vs. FNAC) revealed normal spermatogenesis (11 vs. 9), spermatogenic arrest (13 vs. 7), SCO (2 vs. 1) and unsatisfactory cases (5 vs. 5). Sensitivity and specificity of TIC and FNAC were 98% vs. 83% and 100% vs. 93%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Testicular FNAC is a reliable and simple method for the evaluation of azoospermia. 相似文献
74.
Guillaume Lesage Jesse Shapiro Charles A Specht Anne-Marie Sdicu Patrice Ménard Shamiza Hussein Amy Hin Yan Tong Charles Boone Howard Bussey 《BMC genetics》2005,6(1):1-16
Background
The identification of disease-associated genes using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has been increasingly reported. In particular, the Affymetrix Mapping 10 K SNP microarray platform uses one PCR primer to amplify the DNA samples and determine the genotype of more than 10,000 SNPs in the human genome. This provides the opportunity for large scale, rapid and cost-effective genotyping assays for linkage analysis. However, the analysis of such datasets is nontrivial because of the large number of markers, and visualizing the linkage scores in the context of genome maps remains less automated using the current linkage analysis software packages. For example, the haplotyping results are commonly represented in the text format.Results
Here we report the development of a novel software tool called CompareLinkage for automated formatting of the Affymetrix Mapping 10 K genotype data into the "Linkage" format and the subsequent analysis with multi-point linkage software programs such as Merlin and Allegro. The new software has the ability to visualize the results for all these programs in dChip in the context of genome annotations and cytoband information. In addition we implemented a variant of the Lander-Green algorithm in the dChipLinkage module of dChip software (V1.3) to perform parametric linkage analysis and haplotyping of SNP array data. These functions are integrated with the existing modules of dChip to visualize SNP genotype data together with LOD score curves. We have analyzed three families with recessive and dominant diseases using the new software programs and the comparison results are presented and discussed.Conclusions
The CompareLinkage and dChipLinkage software packages are freely available. They provide the visualization tools for high-density oligonucleotide SNP array data, as well as the automated functions for formatting SNP array data for the linkage analysis programs Merlin and Allegro and calling these programs for linkage analysis. The results can be visualized in dChip in the context of genes and cytobands. In addition, a variant of the Lander-Green algorithm is provided that allows parametric linkage analysis and haplotyping. 相似文献75.
Sabry A Sheashaa H El-Husseini A Mahmoud K Eldahshan KF George SK Abdel-Khalek E El-Shafey EM Abo-Zenah H 《Cytokine》2006,35(3-4):148-153
BACKGROUND: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by a wide variety of autoantibodies, some of which are pathogenic. In recent years it has become more evident that the polyclonal B cell activation in SLE is T-cell dependent. The stimulation of the autoantibody producing B cells is likely mediated by the TH2 subtype of T cells producing IL-4, IL-5, IL-6 and IL- 10, whereas the TH1 subtype secreting IL-2 and IFN-gamma predominates in cell-mediated immune response. Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-alpha) is both a proinflammatory and an immunoregulatory cytokine. TNF-alpha has differential effects on B cells, on T cells and on dendritic cells as well as on the process of programmed cell death. Understanding how the immune system integrates the pleiotropic properties of TNF-alpha is a challenge, particularly so in diseases like SLE. Meanwhile the role of IL-6 in the pathogenesis of SLE is controversial. Objective: To investigate whether serum levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 is higher in Egyptian patients with SLE than healthy control volunteers and its correlation with the clinical activity in patients with different activity scores as measured by Systemic Lupus Erythmatosus Disease Activity Index (SLEADI). Methods: Sixty individuals (40 patients with Systemic lupus Erythmatosus and 20 healthy control volunteers) were the subject of this study, they were subjected to thorough clinical examination, laboratory investigations, their clinical disease activity was scored according to SLEDAI, and serum sampling was obtained for TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels assay. Renal biopsy was carried out and examined by light microscopy by a pathologist blinded with the clinical activity. Results: The mean level of TNF-alpha was (766.95+/-357.82Pg/ml) for patients with active disease while it was (314.01+/-100.87Pg/ml) for those with inactive disease and (172.7+/-39.19Pg/ml) for the healthy control group. The difference was statistically significant (P=.002). The mean level of IL-6 was (135.4+/-54.23Pg/ml) for patients with active disease while it was (47.33+/-18.61Pg/ml) for those with inactive disease and (21.15+/-10.99Pg/ml) for the healthy control group. The difference was statistically significant (P=.002). A significant correlations between TNF-alpha and IL-6 serum levels and the SLEDAI score was observed (r=.743 and .772, respectively). Conclusion: Serum TNF-alpha and IL-6 are sensitive markers of SLE disease activity. They may be useful independent markers for prediction of SLE disease activity and to differentiate normal subjects from those having SLE. Possible therapeutic implications in the treatment of SLE in the future deserve wide scale trials. 相似文献
76.
77.
78.
doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2010.00431.x A clinico‐demographic analysis of maxillofacial trauma in the elderly Introduction: The elderly represent an increasing proportion of society. Management of maxillofacial trauma in this population may be complicated by coexisting medical conditions, requiring multi‐disciplinary care. Methods: This retrospective audit assesses the incidence and pattern of maxillofacial trauma in elderly patients (≥60 years) presented to the Merseyside Regional Maxillofacial Unit. Over the time period of 2003, 2004 and 2005, 7905 trauma patients presented to the accident and emergency department, of whom 757 were elderly (10%). Results: Results indicated that the male to female ratio was 1:1.4. The commonest cause of injury was a fall (83%) followed by an assault (6%); the majority of falls occurring in the home. Conclusion: Management of maxillofacial injuries in this population should focus on targeted prevention programmes, which address known risk factors for falling. We believe that this is a public health issue. Members of the maxillofacial team should be aware of common risk factors of falls in elderly. Better collaboration with the Medicine for Elderly team should be considered at an early stage on managing these patients. 相似文献
79.
Asleh R Nakhoul FM Miller-Lotan R Awad H Farbstein D Levy NS Nakhoul N Iancu TC Manov I Laue M Traber MG Lebold KM Levy AP 《Free radical biology & medicine》2012,53(4):779-786
The haptoglobin (Hp) genotype is a major determinant of progression of nephropathy in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). The major function of the Hp protein is to bind and modulate the fate of extracorpuscular hemoglobin and its iron cargo. We have previously demonstrated an interaction between the Hp genotype and the DM on the accumulation of iron in renal proximal tubule cells. The primary objective of this study was to determine the intracellular localization of this iron in the proximal tubule cell and to assess its potential toxicity. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated a marked accumulation of electron-dense deposits in the lysosomes of proximal tubules cells in Hp 2-2 DM mice. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy were used to perform elemental analysis of these deposits and demonstrated that these deposits were iron rich. These deposits were associated with lysosomal membrane lipid peroxidation and loss of lysosomal membrane integrity. Vitamin E administration to Hp 2-2 DM mice resulted in a significant decrease in both intralysosomal iron-induced oxidation and lysosomal destabilization. Iron-induced renal tubular injury may play a major role in the development of diabetic nephropathy and may be a target for slowing the progression of renal disease. 相似文献
80.
Lujan HL Janbaih H Feng HZ Jin JP DiCarlo SE 《American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology》2012,302(12):R1384-R1400
In the United States alone, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) has invested several hundred million dollars in pursuit of myocardial infarct-sparing therapies. However, due largely to methodological limitations, this investment has not produced any notable clinical application or cardioprotective therapy. Among the major methodological limitations is the reliance on animal models that do not mimic the clinical situation. In this context, the limited use of conscious animal models is of major concern. In fact, whenever possible, studies of cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology should be conducted in conscious, complex models to avoid the complications associated with the use of anesthesia and surgical trauma. The mouse has significant advantages over other experimental models for the investigation of infarct-sparing therapies. The mouse is inexpensive, has a high throughput, and presents the ability of one to create genetically modified models. However, successful infarct-sparing therapies in anesthetized mice or isolated mouse hearts may not be successful in more complex models, including conscious mice. Accordingly, a conscious mouse model of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion has the potential to be of major importance for advancing the concepts and methods that drive the development of infarct-sparing therapies. Therefore, we describe, for the first time, the use of an intact, conscious, and unrestrained mouse model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion and infarction. The conscious mouse model permits occlusion and reperfusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery in an intact, complex model free of the confounding influences of anesthetics and surgical trauma. This methodology may be adopted for advancing the concepts and ideas that drive cardiovascular research. 相似文献