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961.
962.
New methods of analysing genetic data provide powerful tools for quantifying dispersal patterns and reconstructing population
histories. Here we examine the population structure of the bumblebee Bombus hortorum in a model island system, the Western Isles of Scotland, using microsatellite markers. Following declines in other species,
B. hortorum is the only remaining long-tongued bumblebee species found in much of Europe, and thus it is of particular ecological importance.
Our data suggest that populations of B. hortorum in western Scotland exist as distinct genetic clusters occupying groups of nearby islands. Population structuring was higher
than for other bumblebee species which have previously been studied in this same island group (Fst = 0.16). Populations showed significant isolation by distance. This relationship was greatly improved by using circuit theory
to allow dispersal rates to differ over different landscape features; as we would predict, sea appears to provide far higher
resistance to dispersal than land. Incorporating bathymetry data improved the fit of the model further; populations separated
by shallow seas are more genetically similar than those separated by deeper seas. We argue that this probably reflects events
following the last ice age when the islands were first colonized by this bee species (8,500–5,000 ybp), when the sea levels
were lower and islands separated by shallow channels would have been joined. In the absence of significant gene flow these
genetic clusters appear to have since diverged over the following 5,000 years and arguably may now represent locally adapted
races, some occurring on single islands. 相似文献
963.
964.
R D Gavriliaka N A Semina L I Fiks S V Shabalina N V Tsvetkova 《Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii》1985,(1):45-48
ELISA is used for detecting the soluble staphylococcal antigen in patients with purulent septic infections. The optimum conditions for the assay have been established: the dose of staphylococcal gamma globulin for plate sensitization should be 5.0-10.0 micrograms/ml, the pH of the buffer solution 9.6-10.0, the time and temperature of incubation 18-20 hours at 4 degrees C or 5 hours at 37 degrees C. The possibility of using plates manufactured in the USSR has been shown. The sensitivity of the above diagnostic test system is 0.005 microgram/ml. 相似文献
965.
966.
967.
Theodore Page Charles Sherwood James D. Connor Thomas Tarnowski 《Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences》1996,675(2):342
A fast, simple, and cost-effective HPLC method for the quantitation of the antiviral drug ganciclovir is described. The serum samples are extracted with perchloric acid and neutralized with potassium phosphate buffer, and urine samples are diluted with distilled water. A reversed-phase column with isocratic elution by 15 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 2.5) containing 0.25% acetonitrile is used to separate ganciclovir; quantitation is by UV absorbance at 254 nm. Total turnaround time is 22 min; more than 3000 samples can be run on a single column without loss of peak quality. The limit of quantitation is 0.05 μg/ml. Recoveries varied from 91 to 10% with coefficients of variation ranging from 0.387 to 7.95%. 相似文献
968.
The cortical response in Xenopus laevis ova 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
D P Wolf 《Developmental biology》1974,40(1):102-115
A dependence on extracellular calcium has been demonstrated for fertilization and the cortical response to pricking in Xenopus ova. Neither event occurred in calcium-free solutions or in the presence of divalent cation chelating agents. The calcium-sensitive phase of the cortical response to pricking in dejellied eggs was restricted to the 5–10 sec immediately following the activation stimulus; the initial phase of activation was not calcium dependent. In contrast, the cortical response in dejellied Xenopus ova exposed to the chemical activating agents, urethan or methyl urethan, was independent of extracellular calcium. Experimental evidence was presented for the involvement of a direct, nonpropagated cortical reaction in response to urethan stimulation as opposed to a propagated reaction in response to pricking. A cortical response in dejellied eggs was not induced spontaneously by high concentrations of potassium, and the prick response was unaffected by inhibitors of energy transfer processes. Molecular mechanisms operative in the initiation and propagation of the cortical response in animal eggs have been discussed. 相似文献
969.
Summary A child with cri-du-chat syndrome, 46,XY,5p-, was born to a mother who had two normal children and two abortuses. The mother was shown to carry a balanced translocation. Giemsa and fluorescent banding demonstrate the exact location of the translocated segment. The deleted short arm of chromosome number 5 was shown to be attached to the long arm of chromosome number 11.
We are indeed indebted to Dr. G. R. Hennigar for facilities and Dr. C. D. Barnett for financial assistance. 相似文献
Zusammenfassung Ein Kind mit Cri-du-chat Syndrom und Karyotyp 46,XY,5p- wurde von einer Mutter geboren, die zuvor zwei gesunde Kinder und zwei Aborte gehabt hatte. Bei der Mutter wurde eine balancierte Translokation nachgewiesen; Chiemsa- und Fluorescens-Bandenmuster zeigten die genaue Lokalisation des translozierten Segmentes: Der deletierte kurze Arm des Chromosoms Nr.5 war an den langen Arm vom Chromosom Nr. 11 angeheftet.
We are indeed indebted to Dr. G. R. Hennigar for facilities and Dr. C. D. Barnett for financial assistance. 相似文献
970.