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Raphael B. Costa Gregório MF Camargo Iara DPS Diaz Natalia Irano Marina M. Dias Roberto Carvalheiro Arione A. Boligon Fernando Baldi Henrique N. Oliveira Humberto Tonhati Lucia G. Albuquerque 《遗传、选种与进化》2015,47(1)
Background
An important goal of Zebu breeding programs is to improve reproductive performance. A major problem faced with the genetic improvement of reproductive traits is that recording the time for an animal to reach sexual maturity is costly. Another issue is that accurate estimates of breeding values are obtained only a long time after the young bulls have gone through selection. An alternative to overcome these problems is to use traits that are indicators of the reproductive efficiency of the herd and are easier to measure, such as age at first calving. Another problem is that heifers that have conceived once may fail to conceive in the next breeding season, which increases production costs. Thus, increasing heifer’s rebreeding rates should improve the economic efficiency of the herd. Response to selection for these traits tends to be slow, since they have a low heritability and phenotypic information is provided only later in the life of the animal. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are useful to investigate the genetic mechanisms that underlie these traits by identifying the genes and metabolic pathways involved.Results
Data from 1853 females belonging to the Agricultural Jacarezinho LTDA were used. Genotyping was performed using the BovineHD BeadChip (777 962 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)) according to the protocol of Illumina - Infinium Assay II ® Multi-Sample HiScan with the unit SQ ™ System. After quality control, 305 348 SNPs were used for GWAS. Forty-two and 19 SNPs had a Bayes factor greater than 150 for heifer rebreeding and age at first calving, respectively. All significant SNPs for age at first calving were significant for heifer rebreeding. These 42 SNPs were next or within 35 genes that were distributed over 18 chromosomes and comprised 27 protein-encoding genes, six pseudogenes and two miscellaneous noncoding RNAs.Conclusions
The use of Bayes factor to determine the significance of SNPs allowed us to identify two sets of 42 and 19 significant SNPs for heifer rebreeding and age at first calving, respectively, which explain 11.35 % and 6.42 % of their phenotypic variance, respectively. These SNPs provide relevant information to help elucidate which genes affect these traits. 相似文献63.
Leanne K. Küpers Sílvia Fernndez-Barrs Aayah Nounu Chloe Friedman Ruby Fore Giulia Mancano Dana Dabelea Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman Rosa H. Mulder Emily Oken Laura Johnson Mariona Bustamante Vincent W.V. Jaddoe Marie-France Hivert Anne P. Starling Jeanne H.M. de Vries Gemma C. Sharp Martine Vrijheid Janine F. Felix 《Epigenetics》2022,17(11):1419
64.
Influence of yeast immobilization on fermentation and aldehyde reduction during the production of alcohol-free beer 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Production of alcohol-free beer by limited fermentation is optimally performed in a packed-bed reactor. This highly controllable system combines short contact times between yeast and wort with the reduction of off-flavors to concentrations below threshold values. In the present study, the influence of immobilization of yeast to DEAE-cellulose on sugar fermentation and aldehyde reduction was monitored. Immobilized cells showed higher activities of hexokinase and pyruvate decarboxylase compared to cells grown in batch culture. In addition, a higher glucose flux was observed, with enhanced excretion of main fermentation products, indicating a reduction in the flux of sugar used for biomass production. ADH activity was higher in immobilized cells compared to that in suspended cells. However, during prolonged production a decrease was observed in NAD-specific ADH activity, whereas NADP-specific activity increased in the immobilized cells. The shifts in enzyme activities and glucose flux correlate with a higher in vivo reduction capacity of the immobilized cells. 相似文献
65.
Eduardo?M?Del Aguila Marcio?B?Dutra Joab?T?Silva Vania?MF?PaschoalinEmail author 《BMC molecular biology》2005,6(1):9
Background
Preparation of RNA free from DNA is a critical step before performing RT-PCR assay. Total RNA isolated from several sources, including those obtained from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, using routine methodologies are frequently contaminated with DNA, which can give rise to amplification products that mimic the amplicons expected from the RNA target. 相似文献66.
Eduardo?S?SilvaEmail author Gerard?J?Schoone Celia?MF?Gontijo Reginaldo?P?Brazil Raquel?S?Pacheco Henk?DFH?Schallig 《Kinetoplastid biology and disease》2005,4(1):4
Background
The direct agglutination test (DAT) has proved to be a very important sero-diagnostic tool combining high levels of intrinsic validity and ease of performance. Otherwise, fast agglutination screening test (FAST) utilises only one serum dilution making the test very suitable for the screening of large populations. 相似文献67.
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Margarida Cepa Georgina Correia-da-Silva Elisiário J Tavares da Silva Fernanda MF Roleira Margarida Borges Natércia A Teixeira 《BMC cell biology》2008,9(1):41