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11.
The adhesive property to the intestinal mucin of Bifidobacterium lactis LKM512, B. longum, B. breve, B. bifidum, B. adolescentis, B. infantis, Bacteroides vulgatus, Bacteroides distasonis, Eubacterium aerofaciens,
Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli, and Lactobacillus acidophilus were examined. Adhesive rate of LKM512 to the mucin was significantly (p < 0.05, 0.01, or 0.001) stronger than the other strains from 2 to 100 time. Though the adhesive property of many strains was
almost same to the mucin of 20-year-old and 50-year-old generations, in case of 4-month-old was different. Adhesive inhibitory
effect of C. perfringens to the mucin by LKM512 was examined. Under the condition that LKM512 was 108/ml and that C. perfringens was 106/ml, adhesion of C. perfringens to the mucin was inhibited at 99.6%, when LKM512 adhered in advance. There was the strong inhibition of adhesion at 74.0%,
when C. perfringens adhered to mucin in advance. Thus, LKM512 can inhibit the adhesion of harmful bacteria to the intestinal mucin, the possibility
of using as a probiotic strain has to be verified. 相似文献
12.
13.
Fujita T Matsumoto Y Hirai I Ezoe K Saito T Yagihashi A Torigoe T Homma K Takahashi S Cruikshank WW Jimbow K Sato N 《Cellular immunology》2000,202(1):54-60
It is well known that it is difficult to induce an immunotolerance with allogeneic skin transplantation. We attempted to find the immunosuppressive protocol for prolonging skin allograft rejection by using interleukin-16 because IL-16 is considered one of the natural ligands to CD4 molecules. First we examined whether synergistic immunosuppressive effects of recombinant IL-16 plus anti-CD4 mAbs are induced in mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). Next we used IL-16-cDNA-transfected OSC-20 (human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line) as an in vitro model of the epidermal keratinocyte equivalent and examined whether this transfectant could inhibit the activation of allogeneic T cells. Our data indicated that IL-16 clearly inhibited human MLR and that IL-16 increased synergistically the immunosuppressive effect of anti-CD4 mAb. We also used IL-16 transfectant and this produced more than 50 ng/ml of IL-16 in the supernatant by which human MLR was significantly inhibited. Furthermore, this transfectant also inhibited the activation of allogeneic lymphocytes stimulated directly with transfectant cells. These results indicated that the IL-16-producing allogeneic skin graft might have a local immunosuppressive action that would prolong graft survival. 相似文献
14.
Mazzon E Muià C Paola RD Genovese T Menegazzi M De Sarro A Suzuki H Cuzzocrea S 《Free radical research》2005,39(9):1017-1025
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterised by oxidative and nitrosative stress, leukocyte infiltration, and up-regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) expression in the colon. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of green tea extract in rats subjected to experimental colitis induced by intracolonic instillation of dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (DNBS). At 4 days after DNBS administration the rats were sacrificed. Treatment with green tea extract significantly attenuated diarrhoea and loss of body weight. This was associated with a remarkable amelioration of the disruption of the colonic architecture, significant reduction of colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production. Green tea extract also reduced the appearance of nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity in the colon and reduced the up-regulation of ICAM-1. 相似文献
15.
Using four continuous-flow indoor reservoir models, the combined effects of varying water inlet depth and sediment composition
on phytoplankton species composition and its succession pattern were studied.
Species which are known to bloom in eutrophicated reservoirs were dominant in the species succession in each tank. At any
one time, a step-like pattern was observed in the composition of the dominant species of each tank, wherein all the species
which appeared in a tank with a lower phosphorus concentration were included in the species composition of the tank with a
higher phosphorus concentration in an additive relationship. 相似文献
16.
Fumi Katoh Kazuo Kitamura Hiromi Niina Ryuichi Yamamoto Hisanori Washimine †Kenji Kangawa Yoshitaka Yamamoto Hideyuki Kobayashi Tanenao Eto Akihiko Wada 《Journal of neurochemistry》1995,64(1):459-461
Abstract: In cultured bovine adrenal medullary cells, stimulation of nicotinic receptors by carbachol evoked the Ca2+ -dependent exocytotic cosecretion of proadrenomedullin N-terminal 20 peptide (PAMP) (EC50 = 50.1 µ M ) and catecholamines (EC50 = 63.0 µ M ), with the molar ratio of PAMP/catecholamines secreted being equal to the ratio in the cells. Addition of PAMP[1–20]NH2 inhibited carbachol-induced 22 Na+ influx via nicotinic receptors (IC50 = 2.5 µ M ) in a noncompetitive manner and thereby reduced carbachol-induced 45 Ca2+ influx via voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (IC50 = 1.0 µ M ) and catecholamine secretion (IC50 = 1.6 µ M ). It did not alter high K+ -induced 45 Ca2+ influx via voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels or veratridine-induced 22 Na+ influx via voltage-dependent Na+ channels. PAMP seems to be a novel antinicotinic peptide cosecreted with catecholamines by a Ca2+ -dependent exocytosis in response to nicotinic receptor stimulation. 相似文献
17.
Tomohiro Kimura Ryutaro Shirakawa Nobuhiro Yaoita Takashi Hayashi Keisuke Nagano Hisanori Horiuchi 《FEBS letters》2014
Quinoline derivatives such as chloroquine and primaquine are widely used for the treatment of malaria. These drugs are also used for the treatment of trypanosomiasis, and more recently for cancer therapy. However, molecular target(s) of these drugs remain unclear. In this study, we have identified human pyridoxal kinase as a binding protein of primaquine. Primaquine inhibited pyridoxal kinases of malaria, trypanosome and human, while chloroquine inhibited only malaria pyridoxal kinase. Thus, we have identified pyridoxal kinase as a possible target molecule of the antimalarial drugs chloroquine and primaquine. 相似文献
18.
Hanako Ito Hisanori Bando Toru Shimada Susumu Katsuma 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2014
The baculovirus Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) possesses two genes, iap1 and iap2, which encode inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins. We previously showed that although both genes are dispensable for viral propagation, iap2 is required for efficient viral propagation in cultured cells. BmNPV IAP2 contains three putative functional domains: a baculovirus IAP repeat (BIR), a BIR-like (BIRL) domain, and a RING finger domain. To identify the domain affecting viral growth, we generated a series of BmNPV bacmids expressing iap2 derivatives lacking one or two domains, or possessing a single amino acid substitution to abolish IAP2 ubiquitin ligase activity. We examined their properties in both cultured cells and B. mori larvae. We found that either the BIR or BIRL domain of IAP2 plays an important role in BmNPV infection, and that the RING finger domain, which is required for ubiquitin ligase activity, does not greatly contribute to BmNPV propagation. This is the first study to identify functional domains of the baculovirus IAP2 protein. 相似文献
19.
Izuno H Kobayashi Y Sanada Y Nihei D Suzuki M Kohyama N Ohbayashi M Yamamoto T 《Life sciences》2007,81(15):1183-1192
Rat organic solute carrier protein 1 (rOscp1) was isolated from a rat testis cDNA library. Isolated rOscp1 cDNA consisted of 1089 base pairs that encoded a 363-amino acid protein, and the amino acid sequence was 88% and 93% identical to that of human OSCP1 (hOSCP1) and mouse Oscp1 (mOscp1), respectively. The message for rOscp1 is highly detected in rat testis. When expressed in X. oocytes, rOscp1 mediated the high affinity transport of p-aminohippurate (PAH) with a Km value of 15.7+/-1.9 microM, and rOscp1-mediated organic solutes were exhibited in time- and Na+-independent manners. rOscp1 also transported various structurally heterogenous compounds such as testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), and taurocholate with some differences in substrate specificity compared with hOSCP1. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the rOscp1 protein is localized in the basal membrane side of Sertoli cells as observed in mouse testis [Kobayashi et al., 2007; Kobayashi, Y., Tsuchiya, A., Hayashi, T., Kohyama, N., Ohbayashi, M., Yamamoto, T., 2007. Isolation and characterization of polyspecific mouse organic solute carrier protein 1 (mOscp1). Drug Metabolism and Disposition 35 (7), 1239-1245]. Thus, the present results indicate that a newly isolated cDNA clone, rOscp1, is a polyspecific organic solute carrier protein with some differences in substrate specificity compared with human and mouse OSCP1. 相似文献
20.
Kawamoto Y Shotake T Nozawa K Kawamoto S Tomari K Kawai S Shirai K Morimitsu Y Takagi N Akaza H Fujii H Hagihara K Aizawa K Akachi S Oi T Hayaishi S 《Primates; journal of primatology》2007,48(1):27-40
We investigated the diversity and phylogeography of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata), an endemic species in Japan that has the northernmost distribution of any non-human primate species. DNA samples from 135
localities representing the entire range of this species were compared. A total of 53 unique haplotypes were observed for
the 412-bp partial mtDNA control region sequence, with length variation distinguishing the two subspecies. Clustering analyses
suggested two putative major haplogroups, of which one was geographically distributed in eastern Japan and the other in western
Japan. The populations in the east showed lower mtDNA diversity than those in the west. Phylogeographical relationships of
haplotypes depicted with minimum spanning network suggested differences in population structure. Population expansion was
significant for the eastern but not the western population, suggesting establishment of the ancestral population was relatively
long ago in the west and recent in the east. Based on fossil evidence and past climate and vegetation changes, we inferred
that the postulated population expansion may have taken place after the last glacial period (after 15,000 years ago). Mitochondrial
DNA showed contrasting results in both variability and phylogenetic status of local populations to those of previous studies
using protein variations, particularly for populations in the periphery of the range, with special inference on habitat change
during the glacial period in response to cold adaptation.
Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible for authorized users. 相似文献