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31.
Noriko Katayama Emi Iwata Hiroaki Sakurai Tomofusa Tsuchiya Masaaki Tsuda 《Journal of neurochemistry》1993,60(3):902-907
Abstract: Administration of carbachol, noradrenaline, and bradykinin induced Egr-1 mRNA expression within 1 h in mouse neuroblastoma × rat gliomahybrid NG108–15 cells. With specific receptor antagonists, the Egr-1 inductions by carbachol and noradrenaline were shown to be mediated via cholinergic muscarinic and α2 -adrenergic receptors, respectively. At their saturation levels for Egr-1 induction, the two agonists had additive effects when added together, but no prolongation of the effect on Egr-1 induction was observed. Addition of carbachol or noradrenaline 6 h after primary stimulation with carbachol or noradrenaline did not result in secondary Egr-1 induction, probably because of receptor desensitization. On the other hand, bradykinin consistently had an additive effect on Egr-1 induction, irrespective of the time of its addition, suggesting that the signal pathways for Egr-1 induction by carbachol or noradrenaline and by bradykinin are different. Treatment of cells with pertussis toxin or cholera toxin strongly inhibited Egr-1 induction by carbachol or noradrenaline but only partially inhibited the induction by bradykinin. Thus, the signals transduced in NG108–15 cells by different neurotransmitter receptors appear to have different effects on Egr-1 induction, depending on the times of stimulation and the combinations of receptors stimulated. 相似文献
32.
Shinya Arinaga Nobuya Karimine Masashi Adachi Hiroshi Inoue Shigeru Nanbara Tsukasa Asoh Hiroaki Ueo Tsuyoshi Akiyoshi 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》1993,37(4):220-226
We previously found that the ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) of cancer patients to generate lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells became remarkably augmented after mitomycin C administration. On the basis of the clinical finding, we designed a treatment regimen comprised of 12 mg/m2 mitomycin C i. v. on day 1 and 700 U/m2 recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) i.v. every 12 h from day 4 through day 8. Of 25 patients with advanced carcinoma, 9 had a partial response and 3 had a minor response. Cytotoxic cell function, including natural killer activity, lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity, and the ability to generate LAK cells, and lymphocyte subsets in PBM was measured 1 day before and after either the first or second course of this therapy. The relationship between these parameters and the clinical antitumor response to this treatment was examined. Although the cytotoxic activities were significantly augmented after either the first or second treatment course, no positive correlation was observed between the changes in these cytotoxic activities and the clinical response to this therapy, when patients who either showed a partial response or whose disease remission was partial or minor were defined as responders. Further, phenotypic analysis showed a significant increase in CD2+, CD3+ CD4+ and CD4+Leu8– cells after the firs course, and CD25+ cells after either the first or second course of this treatment. The precentages of CD2+ and CD25+ cells were significantly elevated only in responders but not in nonresponders, suggesting the increase in these subsets was related to clinical response. 相似文献
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Shuhei Takatsuka Takeshi Kubota Yuta Kurashina Sho Kurihara Motoki Hirabayashi Masato Fujioka Hirotaka James Okano Hiroaki Onoe 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》2023,120(8):2371-2377
Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapy holds promise as a fundamental treatment for genetic disorders. For clinical applications, it is necessary to control AAV release timing to avoid an immune response to AAV. Here we propose an ultrasound (US)-triggered on-demand AAV release system using alginate hydrogel microbeads (AHMs) with a release enhancer. By using a centrifuge-based microdroplet shooting device, the AHMs encapsulating AAV with tungsten microparticles (W-MPs) are fabricated. Since W-MPs work as release enhancers, the AHMs have high sensitivity to the US with localized variation in acoustic impedance for improving the release of AAV. Furthermore, AHMs were coated with poly-l -lysine (PLL) to adjust the release of AAV. By applying US to the AAV encapsulating AHMs with W-MPs, the AAV was released on demand, and gene transfection to cells by AAV was confirmed without loss of AAV activity. This proposed US-triggered AAV release system expands methodological possibilities in gene therapy. 相似文献
35.
Sakaba Tomoka Soejima Akiko Fujii Shinji Ikeda Hajime Iwasaki Takaya Saito Hiroaki Suyama Yoshihisa Matsuo Ayumi Kozhevnikov Andrey E. Kozhevnikova Zoya V. Wang Hongfeng Wang Siqi Pak Jae-Hong Fujii Noriyuki 《Journal of plant research》2023,136(4):437-452
Journal of Plant Research - A group of temperate grassland plant species termed the “Mansen elements” occurs in Japan and is widely distributed in the grasslands of continental East... 相似文献
36.
Spermatogenesis in Animals as Revealed by Electron Microscopy : VI. Researches on the Spermatozoon-Dimorphism in a Pond Snail, Cipangopaludina malleata
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This paper reports an electron microscope study of typical and atypical spermatogenesis in the pond snail, Cipangopaludina malteata. In the typical spermatid the nucleus undergoes profound changes as development proceeds, affecting both its form and internal fine structure. A large number of roughly parallel, dense filaments, arranged along the long axis of the nucleus, fuse with each other to form in the end the homogeneous helical body characteristic of the head of the adult spermatozoa. The nebenkern is apparently mitochondrial in nature and, in its early development, is similar to that of insects except that it appears as a double structure from the beginning. As differentiation proceeds, the mitochondria lose their membranes, and the residual, now denuded cristae, reorganize to give a parallel radial arrangement. In the last stages of development, the nebenkern derivations become applied to the sheath of the middle piece in a compact helical fashion. In the development of the atypical spermatozoa, the nucleus fails to differentiate and simply shrinks in volume until only a remnant, devoid of DNA, is left. The cytoplasm shows numerous vesicles containing small Feulgen-positive bodies, 80 to 130 mµ in diameter. These vesicles plus contents increase in number as spermatogenesis proceeds. The "head" structure of the atypical spermatozoa consists of a bundle (7 to 17) of tail flagella, each with a centriole at its anterior end. The end-piece of the atypical form appears brush-like and is made up of the free ends of the several flagella. 相似文献
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The Cd(II) complex of a peptide, Z-Cys-Ala-Pro-His-OMe was prepared and characterized by absorption, CD, 1H-, 13C-, and 113Cd-nmr, and nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) spectra to show the coordination of cysteine thiolate and histidine imizazole to Cd(II) ion. The NOESY spectra in dimethyl formamide showed that the cysteine residue was in proximity to the histidine residue. These results reveal the dictation of Z-Cys-Ala-Pro-His-OMe to Cd(II) ion in solution. Temperature-dependent dissociation equilibrium of histidine imidazole in solution was observed in this complex. Structural features of the chelating peptide are discussed. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
40.
Alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase genotypes and drinking behavior of Chinese living in Shanghai 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Taro Muramatsu Wang Zu-Cheng Fang Yi-Ru Hu Kou-Bao Yan Heqin Koichi Yamada Susumu Higuchi Shoji Harada Hiroaki Kono 《Human genetics》1995,96(2):151-154
Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), the principal enzymes responsible for oxidative metabolism of ethanol, exist in multiple, genetically determined molecular forms. Widely different kinetic properties in some of these isozymes account for the individual differences in alcohol sensitivity. In this study we used the polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism method to determine the genotypes of the ADH2 and ALDH2 loci of alcoholic and nonalcoholic Chinese living in Shanghai. We also investigated the subjects' drinking patterns by means of semistructured interviews. The alcoholics had significantly lower frequencies of the ADH22 and ALDH22 alleles than did the nonalcoholics, suggesting the inhibitory effects of these alleles for the development of alcoholism. In the nonalcoholic subjects, ADH22 had little, if any, effect, despite the significant effect of the ALDH22 allele in decreasing the alcohol consumption of the individual. Taken together, these results fit the proposed hypothesis for the development of alcoholism, i.e., drinking behavior is greatly influenced by the individual's gentoypes of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes, and the risk of becoming alcoholic is proportionate with the ethanol consumption of the individual. 相似文献