Über die variabilität des flügelmusters bei larentia Sordidata F. und einigen anderen schmetterlingen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Eine Mutation der Augenfarbe und der Entwicklungsgeschwindigkeit bei der Mehlmotte Ephestia Kühniella Z.

Zusammenfassung Eine neu aufgetretene Mutation rotäugig bei der Mehlmotte wird rezessiv vererbt. Die AlleleA für Schwarzäugigkeit,a für Rotäugigkeit sind frei kombinierbar mit den AllelenB für Wildfarbig undb für Schwarzschuppig. Die GeneA bzw.a, B bzw.b und die genetische Konstitution des Geschlechts beeinflussen die Entwicklungsgeschwindigkeit. Hierbei wirkt die vom Wildtypus abweichende Mutationb beschleunigend, die vom Wildtypus abweichende Mutationa verlangsamend.     

Inheritance of some electrophoretic phenotypes of human hair

Summary Four isokeratin patterns were demonstrated by means of one-dimensional SDS electrophoresis of low sulfur proteins in human hair. The phenotypes had the following frequencies: K1 = 69.70%, K1m = 18.18%, K3 = 9.09%, K3m = 3.03%. Pedigree analysis and evaluation of observed and expected frequencies of the phenotypes gave rise to the conclusion that the phenotypes are controlled by genes of two independent autosomal loci K and m. We believe that ^*K3 and ^*m are dominant, whereas ^*K1 and ^*non-m are recessive.     

Relational Memory Is Evident in Eye Movement Behavior despite the Use of Subliminal Testing Methods

While it is generally agreed that perception can occur without awareness, there continues to be debate about the type of representational content that is accessible when awareness is minimized or eliminated. Most investigations that have addressed this issue evaluate access to well-learned representations. Far fewer studies have evaluated whether or not associations encountered just once prior to testing might also be accessed and influence behavior. Here, eye movements were used to examine whether or not memory for studied relationships is evident following the presentation of subliminal cues. Participants assigned to experimental or control groups studied scene-face pairs and test trials evaluated implicit and explicit memory for these pairs. Each test trial began with a subliminal scene cue, followed by three visible studied faces. For experimental group participants, one face was the studied associate of the scene (implicit test); for controls none were a match. Subsequently, the display containing a match was presented to both groups, but now it was preceded by a visible scene cue (explicit test). Eye movements were recorded and recognition memory responses were made. Participants in the experimental group looked disproportionately at matching faces on implicit test trials and participants from both groups looked disproportionately at matching faces on explicit test trials, even when that face had not been successfully identified as the associate. Critically, implicit memory-based viewing effects seemed not to depend on residual awareness of subliminal scene cues, as subjective and objective measures indicated that scenes were successfully masked from view. The reported outcomes indicate that memory for studied relationships can be expressed in eye movement behavior without awareness.     

尿毒症皮肤瘙痒患者采取腹膜透析与血液透析治疗的效果探究

目的：探究尿毒症皮肤瘙瘁患者采取腹膜透析与血液透析治疗的临床效果,并为该病的临床治疗提供经验积累。方法：选取我院肾内科于2005年1月-2012年12月收治的52例尿毒症皮肤瘙痒患者,利用随机数字表法进行分组,分别设为研究组和对照组。其中对照组实施血液透析治疗,而研究组开展腹膜透析治疗。记录两组在治疗前和治疗后第8周末血生化客观指标及皮肤瘙痒程度,并做好对比。结果：两组在治疗前的皮肤瘙痒评分、β2-MG、PTH、p3,BUN、SCr值差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;治疗后,研究组皮肤瘙瘁评分为（3．4±0．8）分,对照组为（5．8±0．9）分,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。治疗后,研究组β2-MG、PTH及Ps．均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：尿毒症皮肤瘙痒患者的主要致敏因子为大中分子,采取腹膜透析能够有效清除大分子物质,进而达到瘙痒程度的有效改善。     

Nucleotides. LXXIV Synthesis of a-D-Arabino-oligonucleotides

The 5 α-D-arabinofuranosylnucleosides α-araU (15), α-araT (18), α-araC (22), α-araA (25), and α-araG (28) have been synthesized by the modified silyl-method. The amino groups at the nucleobases and the 2′-hydroxy group at the sugar moiety were protected by the 2-(4-nitro-phenyl) ethoxycarbonyl (npeoc) group (37-40) and the amide function in α-araG was additionally blocked by the 2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl group (63) to improve solubility in organic solvents. Mono-and dimethoxytritylation of the 5′-OH group was performed in the usual manner to give 41-48, 64, and 65 in high yields and further substitution of the 3′-OH group led to the monomeric building blocks 66-75 as well as the 3′-O-succinoyl derivatives 76-85 functioning as starting units in solid-support oligonucleotide synthesis. A large number of oligo-α-arabinonucleotides have been prepared on modified CPG-material applying the npeoc/npe strategy as a very efficient synthetic tool for highly purified, homogenous oligomers. Hybridizations between α-arabinonucleotide strands revealed in analogy to earlier findings an antiparallel orientation whereas the combination of an oligo-α-D-arabinonucleotide with a complementary oligo-2′-deoxy-β-D-ribofuranosylnucleotide showed base-pairing only if a parallel polarity was present. The advantages in oligo-α-arabinonucleotide synthesis were furthermore demonstrated by the synthesis of the tα-ANA ^his a structural analog of the natural tRNA ^his of the phage T5.     

Induction of antagonistic soluble decoy receptor tyrosine kinases by intronic polyA activation

Alternative intronic polyadenylation (IPA) can generate truncated protein isoforms with significantly altered functions. Here, we describe 31 dominant-negative, secreted variant isoforms of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that are produced by activation of intronic poly(A) sites. We show that blocking U1-snRNP can activate IPA, indicating a larger role for U1-snRNP in RNA surveillance. Moreover, we report the development of an antisense-based method to effectively and specifically activate expression of individual soluble decoy RTKs (sdRTKs) to alter signaling, with potential therapeutic implications. In particular, a quantitative switch from signal transducing full-length vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2/KDR) to a dominant-negative sKDR results in a strong antiangiogenic effect both on directly targeted cells and on naive cells exposed to conditioned media, suggesting a role for this approach in interfering with angiogenic paracrine and autocrine loops.     

重组人MASP2蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达和纯化

目的:获得酶原形式的重组人甘露聚糖结合凝集素相关丝氨酸蛋白酶2(MASP2)。方法:在大肠杆菌中诱导表达重组人MASP2全长蛋白,包涵体裂解后,经复性、透析、浓缩、考马斯亮蓝染色、SDS-PAGE及Western印迹,鉴定纯化结果及酶活性。结果:复性后的MASP2蛋白经考马斯亮蓝染色未见杂带。自激活实验表明,当MASP2浓度在1μmool/L以下时,无论在4℃还是37℃,都能较稳定地保持酶原形式;蛋白浓度为3.5μmool/L时只能在4℃保持稳定,37℃发生自激活;蛋白浓度达到12μmool/L后,在4℃时已不能稳定存在。结论:获得了较纯的重组人MASP2蛋白,且具有自激活活性。