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41.
Daniel Cortez Kari Erickson Gurumurthy Hiremath Nathan Rodgers Brenda Dugas Elizabeth Braunlin Rebecca Ameduri Jamie L. Lohr 《Indian pacing and electrophysiology journal》2021,21(1):25-28
IntroductionPediatric patients with cardiomyopathies are at risk for sudden death and may need implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD’s), but given their small size and duration of use, children are at increased risk for complications associated with ICD use. The subcutaneous ICD presents a favorable option for children without pacing indications. Unfortunately, initial pediatric studies have demonstrated a high complication rate, likely due to the 3-incision technique employed.Material and methodsPatients with ICD but no pacing indication were retrospectively reviewed after implantation of subcutaneous ICD via the two-incision technique. In half of the patients, 10-J impedance test was also performed to compare with impedance obtained after defibrillation threshold testing with 65-J.ResultsTwelve patients were included. The median age was 14 years (range 10–16 years) with eight males included (72.7%). The median weight was 55 kg (range 29 kg–75.1 kg). Follow-up had a median of 11.5 months (range 2–27 months). The median body mass index was 18.4 kg/m squared (range 15.5–27.9 kg/m squared). One patient suffered a minor complication after tearing off the incisional adhesive strips early and required a non-invasive repair in clinic. Shock impedance had a median of 55 J (range 48–68 J). There was one appropriate shock/charge and no inappropriate shocks during follow-up.ConclusionThe two-incision, intermuscular technique appears to have a lower acute complication rate than prior reports, in our cohort of 12 pediatric patients. 相似文献
42.
Jubb Carrie S. McAvoy Thomas J. Stanley Kari E. Heminger Ariel R. Salom Scott M. 《BioControl》2021,66(3):367-379
BioControl - Laricobius nigrinus Fender (Coleoptera: Derodontidae), a predatory beetle native to western North America, has been released since 2003 for management of hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA),... 相似文献
43.
The United States is confronting important challenges at both the early and late stages of science education. At the level of K–12 education, a recent National Research Council report (Successful K–12 STEM Education) proposed a bold restructuring of how science is taught, moving away from memorizing facts and emphasizing hands-on, inquiry-based learning and a deeper understanding of the process of science. At higher levels of training, limited funding for science is leading PhDs to seek training and careers in areas other than research. Might science PhDs play a bigger role in the future of K–12 education, particularly at the high school level? We explore this question by discussing the roles that PhDs can play in high school education and the current and rather extensive barriers to PhDs entering the teaching profession and finally suggest ways to ease the entrance of qualified PhDs into high school education.In many K–12 classrooms, science is presented as a series of textbook facts; students are not exposed to scientific methods of inquiry and lose interest in science. At the very opposite end of the science training pipeline, life science PhDs and postdocs in the United States are experiencing difficulties in finding university jobs, a situation that will likely persist in the coming decade if research funding fails to grow; we cannot expect all PhD graduates to become principal investigators (PIs) at academic institutions.Might these two problems add up to a solution (or at least a partial solution)? Is there a place for graduates of PhD training programs in teaching K–12 science, particularly at the high school (HS) level (the focus of this article)? We argue that the answer is “yes” and that more PhDs, even if their numbers are small compared with the entire teaching pool, could have a catalytic effect on reinvigorating precollege science education. This topic is not new; the National Research Council (NRC) issued two thoughtful reports on attracting science and math PhDs to secondary school education more than a decade ago (Committee on Attracting Science and Mathematics Ph.D.s to Secondary School Teaching, National Research Council, 2000 ; Committee on Attracting Science and Mathematics PhDs to K-12 Education: From Analysis to Implementation, Division of Policy and Global Affairs, National Research Council, 2002 ). Their recommendations were not implemented, however, and the reports have largely been forgotten. Little has changed since then; the roadblocks, both in perception and logistics, that discouraged a PhD from becoming a HS teacher in the year 2000 still exist. Since the NRC reports were released, the topic of a HS teaching career option for a PhD has rarely been discussed or debated in our scientific community. We feel that it is time to reopen this discussion. The focus of this article is on PhDs entering the high school system, but much of this discussion also pertains to graduates of science master degree programs and to individuals with scientific training becoming involved in all levels of K–12 education. Our goal is to make students, postdocs, and senior scientists aware of the value of high school teaching for certain individuals as well as for our nation''s educational system. We also consider how changes at the local level (including the perception of K–12 teaching within research universities), as well as at the policy level of teacher accreditation, might facilitate this career path. 相似文献
44.
Satu Mikkola Mikko Oivanen Kari Neuvonen Suvi Piitari Kaisa Ketomäki Harri Lönnberg 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2013,32(10-12):1675-1692
Abstract Uridylyl-(3′,5′)-8-carboxymethylaminoadenosine has been synthesised, and its transesterification to uridine 2′,3′-cyclic phosphate in the presence and absence of Zn2+ ion has been studied. The results show that a carboxylate function in the vicinity of the phosphodiester bond accelerates the metal ion promoted cleavage but not the metal ion independent reaction. Under acidic conditions, the predominant reaction is the cleavage of the side chain, giving the 8-amino derivative. 相似文献
45.
Local temperatures inferred from plant communities suggest strong spatial buffering of climate warming across Northern Europe 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jonathan Lenoir Bente Jessen Graae Per Arild Aarrestad Inger Greve Alsos W. Scott Armbruster Gunnar Austrheim Claes Bergendorff H. John B. Birks Kari Anne Bråthen Jörg Brunet Hans Henrik Bruun Carl Johan Dahlberg Guillaume Decocq Martin Diekmann Mats Dynesius Rasmus Ejrnæs John‐Arvid Grytnes Kristoffer Hylander Kari Klanderud Miska Luoto Ann Milbau Mari Moora Bettina Nygaard Arvid Odland Virve Tuulia Ravolainen Stefanie Reinhardt Sylvi Marlen Sandvik Fride Høistad Schei James David Mervyn Speed Liv Unn Tveraabak Vigdis Vandvik Liv Guri Velle Risto Virtanen Martin Zobel Jens‐Christian Svenning 《Global Change Biology》2013,19(5):1470-1481
Recent studies from mountainous areas of small spatial extent (<2500 km2) suggest that fine‐grained thermal variability over tens or hundreds of metres exceeds much of the climate warming expected for the coming decades. Such variability in temperature provides buffering to mitigate climate‐change impacts. Is this local spatial buffering restricted to topographically complex terrains? To answer this, we here study fine‐grained thermal variability across a 2500‐km wide latitudinal gradient in Northern Europe encompassing a large array of topographic complexities. We first combined plant community data, Ellenberg temperature indicator values, locally measured temperatures (LmT) and globally interpolated temperatures (GiT) in a modelling framework to infer biologically relevant temperature conditions from plant assemblages within <1000‐m2 units (community‐inferred temperatures: CiT). We then assessed: (1) CiT range (thermal variability) within 1‐km2 units; (2) the relationship between CiT range and topographically and geographically derived predictors at 1‐km resolution; and (3) whether spatial turnover in CiT is greater than spatial turnover in GiT within 100‐km2 units. Ellenberg temperature indicator values in combination with plant assemblages explained 46–72% of variation in LmT and 92–96% of variation in GiT during the growing season (June, July, August). Growing‐season CiT range within 1‐km2 units peaked at 60–65°N and increased with terrain roughness, averaging 1.97 °C (SD = 0.84 °C) and 2.68 °C (SD = 1.26 °C) within the flattest and roughest units respectively. Complex interactions between topography‐related variables and latitude explained 35% of variation in growing‐season CiT range when accounting for sampling effort and residual spatial autocorrelation. Spatial turnover in growing‐season CiT within 100‐km2 units was, on average, 1.8 times greater (0.32 °C km?1) than spatial turnover in growing‐season GiT (0.18 °C km?1). We conclude that thermal variability within 1‐km2 units strongly increases local spatial buffering of future climate warming across Northern Europe, even in the flattest terrains. 相似文献
46.
47.
Leigh syndrome is a mitochondrial disease with considerable clinical and genetic variation. We present a 16-year-old boy with Leigh-like syndrome and broad developmental retardation, parkinsonism and hypogonadism. Sequencing of the entire mitochondrial DNA from blood revealed the m.4296G>A mutation in the MT-TI gene. The mutation was heteroplasmic with a 95% proportion of the mutant genome, while the proportion was 58% in the blood of the patient's clinically healthy mother. Our results suggest that m.4296G>A is pathogenic in humans, and that the phenotype related to this change includes Leigh-like syndrome in adolescence with parkinsonism and hypogonadism, in addition to the previously reported early infantile Leigh syndrome. 相似文献
48.
P. Sivaramakrishna Rachakonda Andrea S. Bauer Huaping Xie Daniele Campa Cosmeri Rizzato Federico Canzian Stefania Beghelli William Greenhalf Eithne Costello Michaela Schanne Anette Heller Aldo Scarpa John P. Neoptolemos Jens Werner Markus Büchler J?rg D. Hoheisel Kari Hemminki Nathalia Giese Rajiv Kumar 《PloS one》2013,8(4)
KRAS mutations are major factors involved in initiation and maintenance of pancreatic tumors. The impact of different mutations on patient survival has not been clearly defined. We screened tumors from 171 pancreatic cancer patients for mutations in KRAS and CDKN2A genes. Mutations in KRAS were detected in 134 tumors, with 131 in codon 12 and only 3 in codon 61. The GGT>GAT (G12D) was the most frequent mutation and was present in 60% (80/134). Deletions and mutations in CDKN2A were detected in 43 tumors. Analysis showed that KRAS mutations were associated with reduced patient survival in both malignant exocrine and ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC). Patients with PDACs that had KRAS mutations showed a median survival of 17 months compared to 30 months for those without mutations (log-rank P = 0.07) with a multivariate hazard ratio (HR) of 2.19 (95%CI 1.09–4.42). The patients with G12D mutation showed a median survival of 16 months (log-rank-test P = 0.03) and an associated multivariate HR 2.42 (95%CI 1.14–2.67). Although, the association of survival in PDAC patients with CDKN2A aberrations in tumors was not statistically significant, the sub-group of patients with concomitant KRAS mutations and CDKN2A alterations in tumors were associated with a median survival of 13.5 months compared to 22 months without mutation (log-rank-test P = 0.02) and a corresponding HR of 3.07 (95%CI 1.33–7.10). Our results are indicative of an association between mutational status and survival in PDAC patients, which if confirmed in subsequent studies can have potential clinical application. 相似文献
49.
Lyzel S. Elias-Sonnenschein Seppo Helisalmi Teemu Natunen Anette Hall Teemu Paajanen Sanna-Kaisa Herukka Marjo Laitinen Anne M. Remes Anne M. Koivisto Kari M. Mattila Terho Lehtim?ki Frans R. J. Verhey Pieter Jelle Visser Hilkka Soininen Mikko Hiltunen 《PloS one》2013,8(4)
Objectives
To understand the relation between risk genes for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and their influence on biomarkers for AD, we examined the association of AD in the Finnish cohort with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from top AlzGene loci, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and candidate gene studies; and tested the correlation between these SNPs and AD markers Aβ1–42, total tau (t-tau), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).Methods
We tested 25 SNPs for genetic association with clinical AD in our cohort comprised of 890 AD patients and 701-age matched healthy controls using logistic regression. For the correlational study with biomarkers, we tested 36 SNPs in a subset of 222 AD patients with available CSF using mixed models. Statistical analyses were adjusted for age, gender and APOE status. False discovery rate for multiple testing was applied. All participants were from academic hospital and research institutions in Finland.Results
APOE-ε4, CLU rs11136000, and MS4A4A rs2304933 correlated with significantly decreased Aβ1–42 (corrected p<0.05). At an uncorrected p<0.05, PPP3R1 rs1868402 and MAPT rs2435211 were related with increased t-tau; while SORL1 rs73595277 and MAPT rs16940758, with increased p-tau. Only TOMM40 rs2075650 showed association with clinical AD after adjusting for APOE-ε4 (p = 0.007), but not after multiple test correction (p>0.05).Conclusions
We provide evidence that APOE-ε4, CLU and MS4A4A, which have been identified in GWAS to be associated with AD, also significantly reduced CSF Aβ1–42 in AD. None of the other AlzGene and GWAS loci showed significant effects on CSF tau. The effects of other SNPs on CSF biomarkers and clinical AD diagnosis did not reach statistical significance. Our findings suggest that APOE-ε4, CLU and MS4A4A influence both AD risk and CSF Aβ1–42. 相似文献50.
Jude J. McElroy Courtney E. Gutman Christian M. Shaffer Tamara D. Busch Hilkka Puttonen Kari Teramo Jeffrey C. Murray Mikko Hallman Louis J. Muglia 《Human genetics》2013,132(8):935-942
Preterm birth (PTB) is a major global public health concern. However, little is known about the pathophysiology of spontaneous idiopathic PTB. We tested the hypothesis that rare variants in families would target specific genes and pathways that contribute to PTB risk in the general population. Whole-exome sequencing was performed on 10 PTB mothers from densely affected families including two mother–daughter pairs. We identified novel variants shared between the two mother–daughter pairs when compared to a 1000 Genomes Project background exome file and investigated these genes for pathway aggregation using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Genes in enriched pathways were then surveyed in the other six PTB exomes and tested for association in a larger number of nuclear families. The KEGG complement and coagulation cascade was one of the most enriched pathways in our two mother–daughter pairs. When the six genes found in this pathway (CFH, CR1, F13B, F5, CR2, and C4BPA) were examined for novel missense variants, half of all the exomes harbored at least one. Association analysis of variants in these six gene regions in nuclear families from Finland (237 cases and 328 controls) found statistically significant associations after multiple test corrections in three CR1 SNPs; the strongest in an exonic missense SNP, rs6691117, p value = 6.91e?5, OR = 1.71. Our results demonstrate the importance of the complement and coagulation cascades in the pathophysiology of PTB, and suggest potential screening and intervention approaches to prevent prematurity that target this pathway. 相似文献