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P. AlmazánRueda†‡ A. T. M van Helmond J. A. J. Verreth J. W. Schrama 《Journal of fish biology》2005,67(4):1029-1039
Short periods of light or no light (18D : 06L and 24D : 00L) resulted in an increased growth compared to extended periods of light (06D : 18L and 12D : 12L) in African catfish Clarias gariepinus . Fish under longer periods of light (12D : 12L and 18D : 06L) showed higher swimming activity, more aggression (injuries on the body) and higher lactate, free fatty acids and cortisol levels compared to those who were reared at shorter periods of light (24D : 00L and 18D : 06L). Feeding activity during light and dark periods in this experiment showed that C. gariepinus had both night and day feeding activities, with a preference to diurnal feeding in the 12D : 12L photoperiod. The results showed that light plays an important role in the African catfish behaviour and its well‐being. As the hours of light increased during the 24 h cycle, data suggests that the fish were more stressed and aggressive, compared to those under a reduced number of light hours. 相似文献
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Josué I. Beltrán-López Andrea Romero-Maldonado Elizabeth Monreal-Escalante Bernardo Bañuelos-Hernández Luz MT Paz-Maldonado Sergio Rosales-Mendoza 《Plant cell reports》2016,35(5):1133-1141
Key message
An algae-based vaccine model against atherosclerosis was developed with positive findings in terms of antigen yield and immunogenicity in mouse.Abstract
Several immunotherapies against atherosclerosis have been evaluated at the preclinical level thus far, with some of them currently under evaluation in clinical trials. In particular, the p210 epitope from ApoB100 is known to elicit atheroprotective responses. Considering that Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is an attractive host for the production and delivery of subunit vaccines, in this study a chimeric protein consisting of the B subunit of the cholera toxin and the p210 epitope from ApoB100 (CTB:p210) has been expressed in C. reinhardtii chloroplast as an attempt to establish an oral vaccine candidate against atherosclerosis. The Chlamydomonas-made CTB:p210 protein was successfully expressed at levels of up to 60 µg per g of fresh weight biomass. The antigenic activity of the CTB and the p210 moiety was preserved in the CTB:p210 chimera. Moreover the algae-made CTB:p210 showed an immunogenic activity, when orally administered to BALB/c mice, as evidenced the presence of anti-p210 serum antibodies in mice treated with the algae-derived CTB:p210. The antibody response lasts for at least 80 days after the last boost. This experimental model is proposed as a convenient tool in the development of low cost atherosclerosis vaccines of easy compliance and friendly delivery. Further studies will determine the therapeutic potential of this algae-made vaccine in atherosclerosis animal models.15.
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Ewa Przybytkowski Elizabeth Lenkiewicz Michael T Barrett Kathleen Klein Sheida Nabavi Celia MT Greenwood Mark Basik 《BMC genomics》2014,15(1)
Background
Chromosomal breakage followed by faulty DNA repair leads to gene amplifications and deletions in cancers. However, the mere assessment of the extent of genomic changes, amplifications and deletions may reduce the complexity of genomic data observed by array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH). We present here a novel approach to array CGH data analysis, which focuses on putative breakpoints responsible for rearrangements within the genome.Results
We performed array comparative genomic hybridization in 29 primary tumors from high risk patients with breast cancer. The specimens were flow sorted according to ploidy to increase tumor cell purity prior to array CGH. We describe the number of chromosomal breaks as well as the patterns of breaks on individual chromosomes in each tumor. There were differences in chromosomal breakage patterns between the 3 clinical subtypes of breast cancers, although the highest density of breaks occurred at chromosome 17 in all subtypes, suggesting a particular proclivity of this chromosome for breaks. We also observed chromothripsis affecting various chromosomes in 41% of high risk breast cancers.Conclusions
Our results provide a new insight into the genomic complexity of breast cancer. Genomic instability dependent on chromosomal breakage events is not stochastic, targeting some chromosomes clearly more than others. We report a much higher percentage of chromothripsis than described previously in other cancers and this suggests that massive genomic rearrangements occurring in a single catastrophic event may shape many breast cancer genomes.Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-579) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献19.
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