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排序方式: 共有268条查询结果,搜索用时 182 毫秒
171.
Large-scale identification and characterization of alternative splicing variants of human gene transcripts using 56,419 completely sequenced and manually annotated full-length cDNAs
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172.
I Otsuki 《Journal of biochemistry》1974,75(4):753-765
173.
Prey that lives with functionally different predators may experience enhanced mortality risk, because of conflicts between the specific defenses against their predators. Because natural communities usually contain combinations of prey and functionally different predators, examining risk enhancement with multiple predators may help to understand prey population dynamics. It is also important in an applied context: risk enhancement with multiple biological control agents could lead to successful suppression of pests. We examined whether risk enhancement occurs in the spider mite Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida (Acari: Tetranychidae) when exposed to two predator species: a generalist ant, Pristomyrmex punctatus Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), and a specialist predatory mite, Neoseiulus womersleyi Schicha (Acari: Phytoseiidae). We replicated microcosms that consisted of spider mites, ants, and predatory mites. Spider mites avoided generalist ants by staying inside their webs on leaf surfaces. In contrast, spider mites avoided specialist predatory mites that intruded into their webs by exiting the web, which obviously conflicts with the defense against ants. In the presence of both predators, enhanced mortality of spider mites was observed. A conflict occurred between the spider mites’ defenses: they seemed to move out of their webs and be preyed upon by ants. This is the first study to suggest that risk enhancement occurs in web‐spinning spider mites that are exposed to both generalist and specialist predator species, and to provide evidence that ants can have remarkable synergistic effects on the biological control of spider mites using specialist predatory mites. 相似文献
174.
175.
Cornichon-like protein facilitates secretion of HB-EGF and regulates proper development of cranial nerves
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Hoshino H Uchida T Otsuki T Kawamoto S Okubo K Takeichi M Chisaka O 《Molecular biology of the cell》2007,18(4):1143-1152
During their migration to the periphery, cranial neural crest cells (NCCs) are repulsed by an ErbB4-dependent cue(s) in the mesenchyme adjoining rhombomeres (r) 3 and 5, which are segmented hindbrain neuromeres. ErbB4 has many ligands, but which ligand functions in the above system has not yet been clearly determined. Here we found that a cornichon-like protein/cornichon homolog 2 (CNIL/CNIH2) gene was expressed in the developing chick r3 and r5. In a cell culture system, its product facilitated the secretion of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF), one of the ligands of ErbB4. When CNIL function was perturbed in chick embryos by forced expression of a truncated form of CNIL, the distribution of NCCs was affected, which resulted in abnormal nerve fiber connections among the cranial sensory ganglia. Also, knockdown of CNIL or HB-EGF with siRNAs yielded a similar phenotype. This phenotype closely resembled that of ErbB4 knockout mouse embryos. Because HB-EGF was uniformly expressed in the embryonic hindbrain, CNIL seems to confine the site of HB-EGF action to r3 and r5 in concert with ErbB4. 相似文献
176.
Otsuki M Seki M Inoue E Yoshimura A Kato G Yamanouchi S Kawabe Y Tada S Shinohara A Komura J Ono T Takeda S Ishii Y Enomoto T 《The Journal of cell biology》2007,179(1):53-63
Bloom's syndrome (BS), which is caused by mutations in the BLM gene, is characterized by a predisposition to a wide variety of cancers. BS cells exhibit elevated frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), interchanges between homologous chromosomes (mitotic chiasmata), and sensitivity to several DNA-damaging agents. To address the mechanism that confers these phenotypes in BS cells, we characterize a series of double and triple mutants with mutations in BLM and in other genes involved in repair pathways. We found that XRCC3 activity generates substrates that cause the elevated SCE in blm cells and that BLM with DNA topoisomerase IIIalpha suppresses the formation of SCE. In addition, XRCC3 activity also generates the ultraviolet (UV)- and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS)-induced mitotic chiasmata. Moreover, disruption of XRCC3 suppresses MMS and UV sensitivity and the MMS- and UV-induced chromosomal aberrations of blm cells, indicating that BLM acts downstream of XRCC3. 相似文献
177.
Claudia Petrarca Emanuela Clemente Valentina Amato Paola Pedata Enrico Sabbioni Giovanni Bernardini Ivo Iavicoli Sara Cortese Qiao Niu Takemi Otsuki Roberto Paganelli Mario Di Gioacchino 《Clinical and molecular allergy : CMA》2015,13(1)
Almost all people in developed countries are exposed to metal nanoparticles (MeNPs) that are used in a large number of applications including medical (for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes). Once inside the body, absorbed by inhalation, contact, ingestion and injection, MeNPs can translocate to tissues and, as any foreign substance, are likely to encounter the innate immunity system that represent a non-specific first line of defense against potential threats to the host. In this review, we will discuss the possible effects of MeNPs on various components of the innate immunity (both specific cells and barriers). Most important is that there are no reports of immune diseases induced by MeNPs exposure: we are operating in a safe area. However, in vitro assays show that MeNPs have some effects on innate immunity, the main being toxicity (both cyto- and genotoxicity) and interference with the activity of various cells through modification of membrane receptors, gene expression and cytokine production. Such effects can have both negative and positive relevant impacts on humans. On the one hand, people exposed to high levels of MeNPs, as workers of industries producing or applying MeNPs, should be monitored for possible health effects. On the other hand, understanding the modality of the effects on immune responses is essential to develop medical applications for MeNPs. Indeed, those MeNPs that are able to stimulate immune cells could be used to develop of new vaccines, promote immunity against tumors and suppress autoimmunity. 相似文献
178.
Larissa M. Bandeira Silvia N. O. Uehara Marcel A. Asato Gabriela S. Aguena Cristiane M. Maedo Nikolas H. Benites Marco A. M. Puga Grazielli R. Rezende Carolina M. Finotti Gabriela A. Cesar Tayana S. O. Tanaka Vivianne O. L. Castro Koko Otsuki Ana C. P. Vicente Carlos E. Fernandes Ana R. C. Motta-Castro 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2015,9(4)
179.
180.
Rodrigo Sánchez-Véliz Maria José Carmona Denise Aya Otsuki Claudia Freitas Anderson Benício Elnara Marcia Negri Luiz Marcelo Malbouisson 《PloS one》2015,10(8)