Modeling the effect of blood vessel bifurcation ratio on occlusive thrombus formation

Vascular geometry is a major determinant of the hemodynamics that promote or prevent unnecessary vessel occlusion from thrombus formation. Bifurcations in the vascular geometry are repeating structures that introduce flow separation between parent and daughter vessels. We modelled the blood flow and shear rate in a bifurcation during thrombus formation and show that blood vessel bifurcation ratios determine the maximum shear rate on the surface of a growing thrombus. We built an analytical model that may aid in predicting microvascular bifurcation ratios that are prone to occlusive thrombus formation. We also observed that bifurcation ratios that adhere to Murray’s law of bifurcations may be protected from occlusive thrombus formation. These results may be useful in the rational design of diagnostic microfluidic devices and microfluidic blood oxygenators.     

Sodium nitroprusside enhances callus induction and shoot regeneration in high value medicinal plant Canscora diffusa

Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) - In different countries, mostly in EU, rules for strawberry nursery propagation impose the use of micropropagation only to produce stock virus free...     

Synthesis of glycopeptides containing the amino acid sequence 17-23 of bovine pancreatic deoyxribonuclease

2-Acetamino-3,4,6-tri-O-acetly-1-N-[N-(benzyloxycarbonly-l-seryl)-l-aspart-1-oyl-(p-nitrobenzyl ester)-4-oyl]-2-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranosylamine,2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri,O-acetyl-1-N-[N-(benzyloxycarbonyl-l-seryl)-l-aspart-1-oyl-(l-alanine methyl ester)-4-oyl]-2-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranosylamine, and 2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-1-N-[N-benzyloxycarbonyl)-l-aspart-1-oyl-(l-alanyl-l-threonyl-l-leucyl-l-alanyl-l-serine p-nitrobenzyl ester)-4-oyl]-2-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranosylamine (7), which span the amino acid sequence 17-23 of bovine pancreatic deoxyribonuclease A and contain a 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucose residue, were synthesized. On treatment with lithium hydroxide, the blocked glycohexapeptide 7 gave 2-acetamido-1-N-[N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-l-aspart-1-oyl-(l-alanyl-l-threonyl-l-leucyl-l-alanyl-l-serine)-4-oyl]-2 deoxy-β-d-glucopyranosylamine.     

Synthesis and triplex forming ability of conformationally locked oligonucleotides containing unnatural nucleobases: efficient recognition of a C.G interruption.

In order to develop a novel nucleoside analogue which recognizes C.G interruption in homopurine.homopyrimidine DNA, we designed and synthesized a conformationally locked nucleoside analogue, 1-(2-O,4-C-methylene-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)pyridin-2-one (4), and introduced it into a triplex-forming oligonucleotide (TFO). On melting temperature (Tm) measurements, the unprecedented C.G base recognition ability of 4 was observed.     

Phosphorylation of multifunctional nucleolar protein nucleophosmin (NPM1) by aurora kinase B is critical for mitotic progression

The functional association of NPM1 with Aurora kinases is well documented. Surprisingly, although NPM1 is a well characterized phosphoprotein, it is unknown whether it is a substrate of Aurora kinases. We have found that Aurora kinases A and B can phosphorylate NPM1 at a single serine residue, Ser125, in vitro and in vivo. Phosphorylated-S125-NPM1 (pS125-NPM1) localizes to the midbody region during late cytokinesis where it colocalizes with Aurora B. The overexpression of mutant (S125A) NPM1 resulted in the deregulation of centrosome duplication and mitotic defects possibly due to cytokinesis failure. These data suggest that Aurora kinase B-mediated phosphorylation of NPM1 plays a critical role during mitosis, which could have wider implications in oncogenesis.     

A new antioxidant compound H-290/51 attenuates heat shock protein (HSP 72 kD) response, edema and cell injury following acute heat exposure. An experimental study using light and electron microscopy in the rat

Rats exposed to 4 h heat stress at 38°C exhibited upregulation of heat shock protein (HSP 72 kD) expression in several brain regions associated with brain edema and cell injury. Pretreatment with a new anti-oxidant compound H-290/51 (50 mg/kg, per os, 30 min before stress) significantly attenuated HSP expression, brain edema and cell injury. These results suggest that oxidative stress associated with brain edema plays important roles in HSP expression, not reported earlier.