ES5 is involved in the regulation of phosphatidylserine synthesis and impacts on early senescence in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Leaf senescence, which affects plant growth and yield in rice, is an ideal target for crop improvement and remarkable advances have been made to identify the mechanism underlying this process. We have characterized an early senile mutant es5 (early leaf senescence 5) in rice exhibiting leaf yellowing phenotype after the 4-leaf stage. This phenotype was confirmed by the higher accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), the disintegration of chloroplasts, reduction in chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate and up-regulation of senescence-associated genes (SAGs) like Osh36, OsI57, and OsI85. Positional cloning revealed that the es5 phenotype is the result of one base substitution in ES5, encoding phosphatidylserine synthase (PSS) family protein, which is involved in the base-exchange type reaction to synthesize the minor membrane phospholipid phosphatidylserine. Functional complementation of ES5 in the es5 plants completely restored the wild-type phenotype. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) analysis showed that es5 plants had increased levels of phosphatidylserine (PS) and decreased level of phosphatidylcholine (PC). These results provide evidence about the role of PS in rice leaf senescence.

     

基于非数据依赖的鞘脂菌蛋白质组学分析方法的建立

【背景】鞘脂菌是一类可高效降解以菲为代表的多环芳烃有机污染物的菌株,其在环境污染治理及生物技术领域具有广阔的应用前景。【目的】为了优化测试方法,获得更完整的鞘脂菌Sphingobium yanoikuyae SJTF-8在菲胁迫下表达差异的蛋白。【方法】利用数据依赖型及数据非依赖型两种蛋白质组学数据采集方法,比较了鞘脂菌SJTF-8在菲胁迫下蛋白质水平的表达变化。【结果】两种技术方法下共得到580个表达差异蛋白,这些蛋白在细胞代谢、转运和调控等方面发挥一定功能。【结论】数据非依赖性采集(data-independent acquisition,DIA)技术在重复性以及低丰度蛋白的检测上明显好于数据依赖型采集(datadependentacquisition,DDA)技术,因此,DIA在实际可用的表达差异蛋白检出方面具备明显优势,为发现菲胁迫下细胞诱导表达的低丰度调控蛋白提供帮助。     

Effects of Bacillus Subtilis-Zinc on Rats with Congenital Zinc Deficiency

Biological Trace Element Research - This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis-zinc on growth rates of the body and organs, nutrient utilization, microbial...     

Retracted: Kinesin family member 2C aggravates the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma and interacts with competing endogenous RNA

Kinesin family member 2C (KIF2C), a substantial mitotic regulator, has been verified to exert a malignant function in several cancers. However, its function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. In this study, the expression profile of KIF2C in HCC was characterized through the dataset from the TCGA and clinical tissue microarrays containing 220 pairs of resected HCC tissues and adjacent nontumor tissues in our hospital. The results indicated that KIF2C was substantially higher expression in tumor tissues than adjacent nontumor tissues. High expression of KIF2C significantly correlated with large tumor (>5.0 cm) (P = .001) and implied a dismal postoperative overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.729; P = .002) in our cohort of patients. Gain and loss of function assays displayed that KIF2C promoted HCC cell proliferation, accelerated cell cycle progression, and impeded apoptosis. By bioinformatic tools and mechanistic investigation, we found that KIF2C interacted with various cell-cycle-related proteins and was significantly involved in growth-promoting pathways. KIF2C upregulated PCNA and CDC20 expression. Subsequently, we investigated the regulation of KIF2C by competing endogenous RNA and elucidated that has-miR-6715a-3p was directly bond to the 3′-untranslated region of KIF2C through dual luciferase assays, thereby inhibiting KIF2C expression. Furthermore, the long noncoding RNA GS1-358P8.4 was found to be a candidate of KIF2C for has-miR-6715a-3p binding. HCC patients with high lncRNA-GS1-358P8.4 expression had shorter OS and relapse-free survival compared to those with low expression, which was accordance with the KIF2C. Taken together, KIC2C aggravated HCC progression, it could serve as a prognostic indicator and confer a novel target for clinical treatment.     

Discovery of selective farnesoid X receptor agonists for the treatment of hyperlipidemia from traditional Chinese medicine based on virtual screening and in vitro validation

Abstract

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a bile acid receptor, has important roles in maintaining bile acid and cholesterol homeostasis, which is an attractive target for hyperlipidemia. Present study aimed to discover potential selective FXR agonists over G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1, TGR5) from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) by using virtual screening, in vitro studies and molecular dynamics simulation (MD). Ligand-based pharmacophore model for FXR was firstly built to screen FXR agonists from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Database (TCMD). Then, 21 FXR crystal structures were clustered in two types and two representative structures (PDB ID: 3OMM and 3P89) were, respectively, used to carry out molecular docking to refine the screened result. Moreover, the pharmacophore model for GPBAR1 was built to screen selective FXR agonists with no activity on GPBAR1. A set of 24 candidate selective FXR agonists which fitvalue of FXR pharmacophore model and docking score of 3OMM and 3P89 were in the top 100 and cannot match the pharmacophore model for GPBAR1 were obtained. By the lipid-lowering activity test in HepG2 cell lines, Arctigenin was identified to be potential selective FXR agonist with the activity of 20?μmol·L^?1. After down-regulating FXR, Arctigenin could increase the mRNA of FXR while exerted no effect on the mRNA of GPBAR1. MD was further used to interpret the mechanism of Arctigenin with the representative structures. This research provided a new screening procedure for finding selective candidate compounds and appropriate docking models of a target by considering the structure diversity of PDB structures, which was applied to discovery novel selective FXR agonists to treat hyperlipidemia.

Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma     

Dexmedetomidine alleviates H2O2-induced oxidative stress and cell necroptosis through activating of α2-adrenoceptor in H9C2 cells

Molecular Biology Reports - Oxidative stress induced necroptosis is important in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Dexmedetomidine (Dex), an α2-adrenoceptor (α2-AR) agonist, has...     

GPR50 Distribution in the Mouse Cortex and Hippocampus

Neurochemical Research - G protein-coupled receptor 50 (GPR50) belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor which is highly homologous with the sequence of melatonin receptor MT1 and MT2. GPR50...     

依达拉奉对MPP+处理的PC12细胞线粒体融合和分裂平衡的保护作用

本文旨在探讨依达拉奉(edaravone, Eda)对帕金森病细胞模型线粒体融合、分裂动态平衡的作用及机制。用500μmol/L1-甲基-4-苯基吡啶离子(1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, MPP^+)处理PC12细胞建立帕金森病细胞模型,采用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测不同浓度Eda对MPP^+处理的PC12细胞存活率的影响,用激光共聚焦显微镜检测线粒体形态,用Western blot检测线粒体融合与分裂相关蛋白OPA1、MFN2、DRP1和Fis1的表达变化。结果显示,预先加入不同浓度的Eda能减轻MPP^+处理的PC12细胞损伤,作用呈一定的量效关系;经MPP^+处理48 h,PC12细胞线粒体出现碎片化,OPA1和MFN2蛋白表达下调,DRP1和Fis1蛋白表达上调,而Eda预处理能逆转PC12细胞的上述变化,但对Fis1的蛋白表达没有影响。以上结果提示,Eda可上调OPA1和MFN2的蛋白表达,下调DRP1的表达,从而抑制线粒体碎片化,发挥神经细胞线粒体保护作用。     

Five genes as a novel signature for predicting the prognosis of patients with laryngeal cancer

In this study, we purpose to investigate a novel five-gene signature for predicting the prognosis of patients with laryngeal cancer. The laryngeal cancer datasets were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was applied to screening for prognostic differential expressed genes (DEGs), and a novel gene signature was obtained. The performance of this Cox regression model was tested by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC). Further survival analysis for each of the five genes was carried out through the Kaplan-Meier curve and Log-rank test. Totally, 622 DEGs were screened from the TCGA datasets in this study. We construct a five-gene signature through Cox survival analysis. Patients were divided into low- and high-risk groups depending on the median risk score, and a significant difference of the 5-year overall survival was found between these two groups (P < .05). ROC curves verified that this five-gene signature had good performance to predict the prognosis of laryngeal cancer (AUC = 0.862, P < .05). In conclusion, the five-gene signature consist of EMP1, HOXB9, DPY19L2P1, MMP1, and KLHDC7B might be applied as an independent prognosis predictor of laryngeal cancer.     

Genome-Wide Analysis of NAC Transcription Factors and Characterization of the Cold Stress Response in Sweet Osmanthus

Plant Molecular Biology Reporter - Sweet osmanthus (Osmanthus fragrans) is an evergreen aromatic woody tree widely used in landscaping. However, O. fragrans is very sensitive to cold stress, which...