三种几丁质合成抑制剂对意大利蝗的防治研究

本文用3种几丁质合成抑制剂卡死克、噻嗪酮和灭幼脲对意大利蝗Calliptatmnus italicus(L.)卵和3龄蝗蝻进行药剂试验.实验结果显示卡死克对意大利蝗药效最高:LC50、LC90分别为1.34、14.17 mg/L.灭幼脲次之LC50、LC90分别为2.09、45.22 mg/L.灭幼脲和卡死克在50 m...     

Iron metabolism in diabetes-induced Alzheimer’s disease: a focus on insulin resistance in the brain

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by an excessive accumulation of toxic amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and memory dysfunction. The onset of AD is influenced by age, genetic background, and impaired glucose metabolism in the brain. Several studies have demonstrated that diabetes involving insulin resistance and glucose tolerance could lead to AD, ultimately resulting in cognitive dysfunction. Even though the relationship between diabetes and AD was indicated by significant evidences, the critical mechanisms and metabolic alterations in diabetes induced AD are not clear until now. Recently, iron metabolism has been shown to play multiple roles in the central nervous system (CNS). Iron deficiency and overload are associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Iron binds to Aβ and subsequently regulates Aβ toxicity in the CNS. In addition, previous studies have shown that iron is involved in the aggravation of insulin resistance. Considering these effects of iron metabolism in CNS, we expect that iron metabolism may play crucial roles in diabetic AD brain. Thus, we review the recent evidence regarding the relationship between diabetes-induced AD and iron metabolism.     

几个生态因子对黄盖鲽的影响

黄盖鲽(Psuedopleuronectes yokohameGünther)是鲽科中的冷温性鱼类,广泛分布在日本、朝鲜及我国的东海、黄海和渤海。地方种群多,洄游范尉小,适应能力强,既是底栖生物食性,又可耐较低的温度,虽非名贵鱼种,却具有一定的经济价值,在开展近海增殖时,不存在越冬和效益外流问题。因此,早在60年代,日本山口县和大分县的学者们,便开始着手该品种的人工孵化和增殖放流试验。80年代初已达年放流2—3cm的稚鱼苗7.0×10~6尾的水平。为了在渤海开展增殖工作,建立综     

冬眠周期长短不同的蒙古黄鼠（Citellus dauricus）...

Adult Mongolian ground squirrels (Citellus dauricus) were kept at 5 degrees C in winter and divided into four experimental groups according to the bout length. The first group was not hibernating until decapitation. The bout length of the second group was between 4-10 days, the third group 11-17 days and the fourth group longer than 20 days. All pineals were sampled at the end of January. Morphometric analytical procedures were used to study the ultrastructure of the distal part of the pineal gland. The statistical results demonstrated that 1) the euthermic animals have larger cross areas of pinealocyte, longer and narrower Golgi apparatus and more number of saccules of each Golgi apparatus (P less than 0.01). But they also have smaller volume density of vaculoes, less lipid droplets and associated vesicles around Golgi apparatus (P less than 0.01). 2) the hibernating animals with variety of bout length had no significant differences in the number of mitochondria, lipid droplets, lysosomes, the size of Golgi apparatus and the cross areas of nucleus and cytoplasm (P greater than 0.05). However, the number and the cross areas of vacuoles were significantly increased with the bout length (P less than 0.01). This might suggest that the bout length was not related to the metabolic activity of pinealocytes in Citellus dauricus and vacuoles might play some important roles in maintenance of individual bout of hibernation in this species.     

PDCD4基因在过氧化氢诱导喉癌细胞凋亡中的作用

目的探讨过氧化氢诱导喉癌细胞Hep-2凋亡过程中PDCD4基因表达的变化。方法以体外培养的喉癌细胞Hep-2为实验材料,不同浓度的过氧化氢作用于Hep-2细胞,噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法测定细胞生存率,采用吖啶橙染色、Ho33342/PI荧光双染进行形态学观察,RT-PCR及Western blot检测PDCD4 mRNA水平及蛋白表达的变化,评价在过氧化氢诱导喉癌细胞Hep-2凋亡过程中PDCD4基因的作用。结果过氧化氢(200μmol/L)作用Hep-2细胞24h,能够显著抑制细胞增殖,并诱导细胞凋亡,同时引起pdcd4 mRNA水平显著上调,PDCD4蛋白表达显著增加。结论本研究首次报道PDCD4基因可能在氧化胁迫诱导喉癌细胞凋亡中起关键作用。     

Influence of magnesium ions on biofilm formation by Pseudomonas fluorescens

Mg²⁺ can potentially influence bacterial adhesion directly through effects on electrostatic interactions and indirectly by affecting physiology-dependent attachment processes. However, the effects of Mg²⁺ on biofilm structure are largely unknown. In this study, Pseudomonas fluorescens was used to investigate the influence of Mg²⁺ concentration (0, 0.1 and 1.0 mM MgCl₂) on biofilm growth. Planktonic and attached cells were enumerated (based on DAPI staining) while biofilm structures were examined via confocal laser scanning microscopy and three-dimensional structures were reconstructed. Mg²⁺ concentration had no influence on growth of planktonic cells but, during biofilm formation, Mg²⁺ increased the abundance of attached cells. For attached cells, the influence of Mg²⁺ concentration changed over time, suggesting that the role of Mg²⁺ in bacterial attachment is complex and dynamic. Biofilm structures were heterogeneous and surface colonization and depth increased with increasing Mg²⁺ concentrations. Overall, for P. fluorescens, Mg²⁺ increased initial attachment and altered subsequent biofilm formation and structure.     

Voltage-gated K+ channel KCNQ1 regulates insulin secretion in MIN6 β-cell line

Bone homeostasis is maintained by a dynamic balance between bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. Since excessive osteoclast activity is implicated in pathological bone resorption, understanding the mechanism underlying osteoclast differentiation, function and survival is of both scientific and clinical importance. Osteoclasts are monocyte/macrophage lineage cells with a short life span that undergo rapid apoptosis, the rate of which critically determines the level of bone resorption in vivo. However, the molecular basis of rapid osteoclast apoptosis remains obscure. Here we report the role of a BH3-only protein, Noxa (encoded by the Pmaip1 gene), in bone homeostasis using Noxa-deficient mice. Among the Bcl-2 family members, Noxa was selectively induced during osteoclastogenesis. Mice lacking Noxa exhibit a severe osteoporotic phenotype due to an increased number of osteoclasts. Noxa deficiency did not have any effect on the number of osteoclast precursor cells or the expression of osteoclast-specific genes, but led to a prolonged survival of osteoclasts. Furthermore, adenovirus-mediated Noxa overexpression remarkably reduced bone loss in a model of inflammation-induced bone destruction. This study reveals Noxa to be a crucial regulator of osteoclast apoptosis, and may provide a molecular basis for a new therapeutic approach to bone diseases.     

Acidic microenvironment enhances MT1-MMP-mediated cancer cell motility through integrin β1/cofilin/F-actin axis

Tumor acidic microenvironment is the main feature of many solid tumors.As a part of the tumor microenvironment,it has a profound impact on the occurrence and de...