3年高氮添加对黄山松土壤真菌网络稳定性的影响

土壤真菌群落对维持生态系统功能至关重要,然而氮沉降等环境变化如何影响其稳定性尚不清楚。利用高通量测序和网络分析,探究了连续三年不同氮添加水平对土壤真菌群落特征的影响,并通过计算"内聚力"量化连通性以预测真菌网络的稳定性。结果表明,真菌多样性及其群落稳定性对氮添加的响应存在明显的时间效应。相比于前2年,第3年氮添加改变了真菌β多样性,且低氮添加显著提高了0-10 cm土层真菌Chao1和Shannon指数。网络分析发现,随着氮添加量的增加真菌网络正连接比例增加,平均聚类系数和模块性降低。内聚力分析表明,第3年高氮添加显著降低了两个土层的真菌负:正内聚力的绝对值,而低氮添加提高或不改变两者的比值。这说明高剂量氮添加将通过破坏真菌群落的稳定性影响其生态系统服务功能。研究为评价不同水平氮添加下森林土壤真菌群落稳定性提供了新的见解,对评价氮沉降的生态效应具有科学意义。     

高寒半干旱区沙地植被土壤水分变化特征及其影响因素

为揭示高寒半干旱区不同降雨强度对植被差异下沙化土地土壤含水量变化过程的影响。以青海共和盆地东缘黄沙头乔木、灌木和裸地为研究对象,基于2020、2021和2022年5月-9月植物生长季土壤含水量、降雨量和细根分布监测数据,分析2020年、2021年、2022年各生境0-200 cm深度土壤水分对小雨、中雨、大雨的响应。连续动态监测结果表明,大雨、中雨条件下,随土层深度的增加土壤水分对降雨的响应时间延长。乔木林和灌木林土壤水分对中雨、大雨最大响应深度为70 cm、100 cm,裸地对中雨、大雨最大响应深度为50 cm、100 cm。随土层深度的增加,小雨对乔木、灌木、裸地土壤水分的补充作用逐渐降低;中雨对灌木林土壤水分的补充作用逐渐降低,乔木林与之相反;大雨时乔木林、灌木林变异系数呈现S型变化,因此大雨对其土壤水分的补充存在明显的分层利用现象。不同植被类型土壤水分空间变化差异以及对降雨的响应受植被冠层截留对降水再分配的影响,土壤含水量与环境因子间的主成分分析表明,郁闭度、叶面积指数、150-200 cm土壤容重、细根生物量密度、根表面积密度、根长密度、比根长是反映研究区土壤水分的显著因子(P ＜ 0.05)。研究表明不同降雨强度植被土壤含水量存在明显差异,高寒半干旱区沙化土地乔、灌植被的建植可提升深层土壤储水能力;结果可为沙化土地恢复和水土流失防控提供科学依据。     

Thioredoxin 1 supports colorectal cancer cell survival and promotes migration and invasion under glucose deprivation through interaction with G6PD

Overcoming energy stress is a critical step for cells in solid tumors. Under this stress microenvironment, cancer cells significantly alter their energy metabolism to maintain cell survival and even metastasis. Our previous studies have shown that thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) expression is increased in colorectal cancer (CRC) and promotes cell proliferation. However, the exact role and mechanism of how Trx-1 is involved in energy stress are still unknown. Here, we observed that glucose deprivation of CRC cells led to cell death and promoted the migration and invasion, accompanied by upregulation of Trx-1. Increased Trx-1 supported CRC cell survival under glucose deprivation. Whereas knockdown of Trx-1 sensitized CRC cells to glucose deprivation-induced cell death and reversed glucose deprivation-induced migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, we identified glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) interacting with Trx-1 by HuPortTM human protein chip, co-IP and co-localization. Trx-1 promoted G6PD protein expression and activity under glucose deprivation, thereby increasing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) generation. Moreover, G6PD knockdown sensitized CRC cells to glucose deprivation-induced cell death and suppressed glucose deprivation-induced migration, invasion, and EMT. Inhibition of Trx-1 and G6PD, together with inhibition of glycolysis using 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG), resulted in significant anti-tumor effects in CRC xenografts in vivo. These findings demonstrate a novel mechanism and may represent a new effective therapeutic regimen for CRC.     

增温和外源碳输入对泥炭地土壤碳氮循环关键微生物功能基因丰度的影响

为探讨温度升高和外源碳输入对泥炭地土壤碳氮循环关键微生物的影响,于2017年7月采集多年冻土区泥炭地表层(0—10 cm和10—20 cm)土壤样品,在10、15℃两个温度下开展为期42d的增温模拟试验,同时设置葡萄糖添加处理,利用荧光定量PCR技术分析泥炭地土壤碳氮循环关键微生物丰度变化,同时分析增温和外源碳输入对泥炭地土壤活性碳组分和无机氮含量的影响。结果表明:温度升高可导致北方泥炭地表层土壤微生物丰度以及群落结构变化,0—10 cm土壤微生物比10—20 cm土壤微生物更加敏感。增温条件下微生物首先快速分解活性有机碳,同时温度升高加快土壤氮周转速率,增加有效氮含量。外源碳输入整体提高了深层土壤微生物丰度,使得10—20 cm土壤细菌、产甲烷菌、甲烷氧化菌、氨氧化细菌以及反硝化细菌丰度显著增加,说明外源碳输入可能会促进10—20 cm土壤甲烷氧化过程、氨氧化过程和反硝化过程。温度和葡萄糖的交互作用对泥炭地表层土壤碳氮循环关键微生物丰度均有显著影响。在增温和外源碳输入条件下,北方泥炭地表层土壤微生物丰度受土壤碳氮活性基质的影响。     

易分解有机碳输入量对武夷山不同林型土壤激发效应的影响

土壤有机碳库是陆地生态系统中最大的碳储量库,其微小的变化也能使大气中CO₂浓度发生巨大的改变,植物来源碳的输入能通过激发效应促进或抑制土壤有机碳(SOC)的分解,对SOC的动态平衡产生影响。以武夷山三个林型(阔叶林、马尾松林、针阔混交林)土壤为研究对象,通过向土壤中添加不同量的¹³C标记葡萄糖(0、100、200、400 mg C/kg)研究易分解有机碳输入量对不同林型土壤激发效应的影响,并在此基础上探讨易分解有机碳输入量对土壤激发效应影响的作用机理。结果表明,葡萄糖输入对土壤激发效应的影响与葡萄糖输入量和林型有关。葡萄糖的输入均抑制了三个林型SOC的分解(即,呈现负的激发效应)。阔叶林土壤和针阔混交林土壤激效应强度随着葡萄糖输入量的增加而增加,而马尾松林土壤的激发效应强度对葡萄糖输入量的响应并不明显。然而在马尾松林土壤中由葡萄糖所引起的激发效应强度显著高于其他两种林型土壤。研究结果表明,易分解有机碳的输入可以抑制SOC的矿化,形成负激发效应,阔叶林土壤的激发效应强度与土壤可利用氮、葡萄糖添加量与微生物碳量比值有关,而针阔混交林与马尾松林土壤...     

溶藻弧菌群体基因组学研究

溶藻弧菌(Vibrio alginolyticus)是一种能够对人类以及鱼、虾、贝类等水产品致病的弧菌,给人类健康带来威胁,也给水产养殖业造成巨大的经济损失.目前该物种基于全基因组的遗传多样性和重要遗传元件研究报道较少.本研究对采集自全国4个省份的68株溶藻弧菌进行高通量测序,获得全基因组序列,并结合113株公开发表的...     

Efficient assembly of a large fragment of monkeypox virus genome as a qPCR template using dual-selection based transformation-associated recombination

Transformation-associated recombination (TAR) has been widely used to assemble large DNA constructs. One of the significant obstacles hindering assembly efficiency is the presence of error-prone DNA repair pathways in yeast, which results in vector backbone recircularization or illegitimate recombination products. To increase TAR assembly efficiency, we prepared a dual-selective TAR vector, pGFCS, by adding a P_ADH1-URA3 cassette to a previously described yeast-bacteria shuttle vector, pGF, harboring a P_HIS3-HIS3 cassette as a positive selection marker. This new cassette works as a negative selection marker to ensure that yeast harboring a recircularized vector cannot propagate in the presence of 5-fluoroorotic acid. To prevent pGFCS bearing ura3 from recombining with endogenous ura3-52 in the yeast genome, a highly transformable Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, VL6-48B, was prepared by chromosomal substitution of ura3-52 with a transgene conferring resistance to blasticidin. A 55-kb genomic fragment of monkeypox virus encompassing primary detection targets for quantitative PCR was assembled by TAR using pGFCS in VL6-48B. The pGFCS-mediated TAR assembly showed a zero rate of vector recircularization and an average correct assembly yield of 79% indicating that the dual-selection strategy provides an efficient approach to optimizing TAR assembly.     

Development of a fluorescent probe hydrolysis-insulated isothermal PCR for rapid and sensitive on-site detection of African swine fever virus

Highlights
1. A probe-based insulated isothermal PCR (iiPCR) assay was developed for rapid and onsite detection of ASFV.
2. The developed iiPCR showed similar sensitivity and specificity with OIE recommended real-time PCR.
3. Blood samples could be directly applied as PCR template in iiPCR without DNA extraction.