GABAB receptor inhibits tumor progression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the regulation of Hippo/YAP1 pathway in colorectal cancer

Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Type B Receptor (GABABR) plays essential roles in tumor progression. However, the function of GABABR in colorectal cancer (CRC) needs further clarification. As the main part of GABABR, GABABR1 expression was identified significantly lower in tumor tissues than those in non-tumor normal tissues and that CRC patients with high GABABR1 expression lived longer. Further studies indicated that knockdown of GABABR1 elevated CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, knockdown of GABABR1 activated the expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins N-cadherin and Vimentin, whereas decrease the protein level of E-cadherin. In addition, activation of Hippo/YAP1 signaling contributes to the GABABR1 down-regulation promoted proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT in CRC cells. At last, we verified the contribution of Hippo/YAP1 signaling in the GABABR1 down-regulation impaired biological phenotype of colon cancer cells in vivo. In summary, these data indicate that GABABR1 impairs the migration and invasion of CRC cells by inhibiting EMT and the Hippo/YAP1 pathway, suggesting that GABABR1 could be a potential therapeutic target for CRC.     

Progress of Gastric Cancer Surgery in the era of Precision Medicine

With the development of genomics, the update of modern imaging technology and the advent of artificial intelligence and big data, the surgical treatment of gastric cancer has gradually stepped into precision medicine. Precision surgery treatment of gastric cancer is based on accurate molecular typing and staging using modern molecular diagnostic technology and imaging, and the formulation of precise and individualized surgical treatment plans, with the concept of minimally invasive and accelerated rehabilitation surgery running through it. For intermediate-stage gastric cancer, we have adopted a comprehensive treatment approach including traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Utilize artificial intelligence and big data technology to improve the standardization and interconnectivity of specialty data and realize the transformation of evidence-based medicine. Promoting the standardization, standardization and individualization of gastric cancer surgical treatment, providing patients with precise diagnosis and treatment, and further improving patients'' prognosis are the opportunities and challenges in the development of gastric cancer surgery.     

Prevalence and prediction of Lyme disease in Hainan province

Lyme disease (LD) is one of the most important vector-borne diseases worldwide. However, there is limited information on the prevalence and risk analysis using correlated factors in the tropical areas. A total of 1583 serum samples, collected from five hospitals of Hainan Province, were tested by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and western blot (WB) analyses using anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies. Then, we mapped the distribution of positive rate (by IFA) and the spread of confirmed Lyme patients (by WB). Using ArcGIS, we compiled host-vector-human interactions and correlated data as risk factor layers to predict LD risk in Hainan Province. There are three LD hotspots, designated hotspot I, which is located in central Hainan, hotspot II, which contains Sanya district, and hotspot III, which lies in the Haikou-Qiongshan area. The positive rate (16.67% by IFA) of LD in Qiongzhong, located in hotspot I, was higher than that in four other areas. Of confirmed cases of LD, 80.77% of patients (42/52) whose results had been confirmed by WB were in hotspots I and III. Hotspot II, with unknowed prevalence of LD, need to be paid more attention considering human-vector interaction. Wuzhi and Limu mountains might be the most important areas for the prevalence of LD, as the severe host-vector and human-vector interactions lead to a potential origin site for LD. Qiongzhong is the riskiest area and is located to the east of Wuzhi Mountain. In the Sanya and Haikou-Qiongshan area, intervening in the human-vector interaction would help control the prevalence of LD.     

西瓜含有JmjC结构域的组蛋白去甲基化酶家族的生物信息学分析

利用生物信息学方法,对西瓜（Citrullus lanatus（Thunb.）Matsum.&Nakai）JmjC基因家族的成员进行鉴定,对该基因家族的染色体定位、基因结构、蛋白结构域、选择压力和酶活位点进行分析,并对该基因家族与其它物种的系统进化及共线性关系进行研究。结果显示：西瓜全基因组含有17个JmjC候选基因,核苷酸序列长度为1209~5541 bp;这些基因均含有JmjC结构域,分别位于9条染色体上,归属8个亚族。系统进化、选择压力以及共线性分析结果表明,西瓜与黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.）亲缘关系较近,JmjC家族基因数量相同,其中14个成员呈现一对一的共线性关系;而西瓜与拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana（L.）Heynh）亲缘关系较远,但西瓜和拟南芥同一亚族中JmjC基因间K_a/K_s的比值均小于1,推测西瓜各个亚族成员的编码蛋白功能与同一亚族的拟南芥成员功能极为相似。酶活位点分析结果表明西瓜JmjC基因家族中有10个成员具有潜在的组蛋白去甲基化酶活性。     

遗传性肾炎的遗传学研究进展

遗传性肾炎(hereditary nephritis,HN)是一组与遗传有关,主要累及肾小球的肾脏疾病,常伴有其它器官的损伤.HN呈家族聚集性,可表现为常染色体显性遗传、常染色体隐性遗传和X连锁遗传,有些家系还表现为非孟德尔遗传和线粒体遗传.对HN主要疾病的临床表型、遗传学和动物模型的总结和对HN疾病的深入研究有可能找到疾病的致病突变,以及更好地了解疾病的分子机制.     

20个品种枣树叶面积回归方程的建立

以延川县20个枣树品种的成熟叶片为材料,采用扫描叶片并结合Image-Pro Plus 6.0程序的数字图像处理技术测定枣叶的长、宽及面积。运用SPSS17.0统计软件对测量数据进行回归分析,建立了枣树估算叶面积的一元回归方程、二元回归方程、三元回归方程和总的三元回归方程。结果表明,建立的各品种枣树叶面积估算的三元回归方程,是估算其叶面积的最佳回归方程,估算的平均误差率仅为2.06%(1.79%～2.5%);建立的总的枣树叶面积估算的三元回归方程(y6=-0.023x1-0.335x2+0.674 x3+1.145),可以作为估算所有枣树叶面积的优化回归方程,对20个品种枣树叶面积估测的平均误差率只有3.03%(2.5%～3.53%)。该研究结果为枣树叶面积的快速测定提供了一个科学有效的方法,在枣树科学研究和生产实践中有较好的应用价值。     

无关供者脐带血干细胞移植概况

脐带血作为造血干细胞的一大来源,已逐渐获得医学界的认可,随着临床实践的不断展开,对脐带血的使用也趋于标准化。我们通过移植物抗宿主病和治愈情况对骨髓移植与脐带血移植进行了比较,提供了移植用脐带血的择优选取办法及移植的最低细胞剂量,对双份脐带血的选择给出建议,同时对非亲缘脐血与骨髓共输注临床使用情况和嵌合体检测做了介绍与评价。可以看出,在治疗恶性血液病时,脐带血移植是一个可靠的方法。     

The Transurethral Seminal Vesiculoscopy in the Diagnosis and Treatment of the Seminal Vesicle Disease

To develop a transurethral endoscopy technique of the transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy to examine and treat seminal vesicle disease. A total of 61 patients with seminal vesicle disease were diagnosed and treated with the transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy through the distal seminal tracts and vesicles. 58 cases were successfully treated using transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy via the seminal vesicles. The operation took 25 ~ 85 min, with an average of (35.6) mins. In this group, seven cases were diagnosed as ejaculatory orifice cyst, 14 cases had blood clots in the seminal vesicles, and nine patients had stones in the seminal vesicles. All patients were treated properly. Follow-up occurred at 3 months, with two cases showing post-operative discomfort in perineal region. One patient had recurrence with seminal vesiculitis, which improved with treatment. Four infertile patients had a significant increase in sperm count and ejaculation volume and two of these patients were able to naturally inseminate within seven to 18 months post-surgery. This approach enables a new endoscopic technique with the transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy to diagnose and treat seminal vesicle disease through the normal anatomic pathway which can be easily performed with few post-operative complications.