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31.
Elise Mok Guy Letellier Jean-Marie Cuisset André Denjean Frédéric Gottrand Corinne Alberti Régis Hankard 《PloS one》2009,4(5)
Background
Oral glutamine decreases whole body protein breakdown in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). We evaluated the functional benefit of 4 months oral glutamine in DMD.Methodology/Principal Findings
30 ambulant DMD boys were included in this double-blind, randomized crossover trial with 2 intervention periods: glutamine (0.5 g/kg/d) and placebo, 4 months each, separated by a 1-month wash-out, at 3 outpatient clinical investigation centers in France. Functional benefit was tested by comparing glutamine versus placebo on change in walking speed at 4 months. Secondary outcome measures were: 2-minute walk test, work, power, muscle mass (urinary creatinine), markers of myofibrillar protein breakdown (urinary 3-methyl-histidine/creatinine), serum creatine phospho-kinase, body composition (fat free mass, fat mass percentage), safety and oral nutrient intake. There was no improvement in the primary end point (walking speed) or in secondary measures of muscle function (2-minute walk test, work, power) in the glutamine group compared with placebo. However, subjects receiving glutamine or placebo showed no deterioration in functional measures over the course of the 9-month trial. No differences in muscle mass, markers of protein breakdown or serum creatine phosho-kinase were observed, except for a blunted increase in fat free mass in the glutamine group which led to a greater increase in fat mass percentage. Glutamine was safe and well-tolerated.Conclusions
This trial did not identify additional benefit of 4 months oral glutamine over placebo on muscle mass or function in ambulatory DMD boys. Although apparently safe, current data cannot support routine supplementation in this population as a whole, until further research proves otherwise.Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00296621相似文献32.
33.
Acid mine drainage (AMD) continues to threaten water quality in many mining regions globally. Data paucity renders it challenging to inform appropriate water quality management strategies for a succinct scientific understanding of the effects of AMD on freshwater ecosystems. The current study investigated the effects of AMD collected from a defunct coalmine in Mpumalanga, South Africa, on freshwater ecosystems using a risk-based approach on five indigenous species, Adenophlebia auriculata, Burnupia stenochorias, Caridina nilotica, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Oreochromis mossambicus in 2016. Species responded differently to AMD after 96 hours and 240 hours of exposure in static experimental test designs. Burnupia stenochorias was more sensitive to AMD after 96 and 240 hours of exposure, whereas O. mossambicus was tolerant during short-term exposure, but became more sensitive after 240 hours of exposure than the other species tested. The availability of metals in AMD was directly associated with dilution rate. Scenario-specific water quality guidelines for AMD have been derived as 0.122% for short-term and 0.014% for long-term exposure. These may form important indicative dilutions for other AMDs that do not match the scenarios of this study. The toxicity of AMD to a wide range of aquatic species, including field validations, requires further investigation. 相似文献
34.
Jude D Bigoga Lucien Manga Vincent PK Titanji Maureen Coetzee Rose GF Leke 《Malaria journal》2007,6(1):5