全文获取类型
收费全文 | 99082篇 |
免费 | 784篇 |
国内免费 | 1231篇 |
专业分类
101097篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 17篇 |
2023年 | 106篇 |
2022年 | 177篇 |
2021年 | 222篇 |
2020年 | 182篇 |
2019年 | 235篇 |
2018年 | 12050篇 |
2017年 | 10834篇 |
2016年 | 7694篇 |
2015年 | 953篇 |
2014年 | 678篇 |
2013年 | 781篇 |
2012年 | 4747篇 |
2011年 | 13272篇 |
2010年 | 12252篇 |
2009年 | 8454篇 |
2008年 | 10047篇 |
2007年 | 11608篇 |
2006年 | 512篇 |
2005年 | 690篇 |
2004年 | 1143篇 |
2003年 | 1183篇 |
2002年 | 904篇 |
2001年 | 384篇 |
2000年 | 284篇 |
1999年 | 117篇 |
1998年 | 61篇 |
1997年 | 74篇 |
1996年 | 41篇 |
1995年 | 51篇 |
1994年 | 52篇 |
1993年 | 57篇 |
1992年 | 82篇 |
1991年 | 82篇 |
1990年 | 67篇 |
1989年 | 60篇 |
1988年 | 42篇 |
1987年 | 42篇 |
1986年 | 27篇 |
1985年 | 29篇 |
1984年 | 26篇 |
1983年 | 39篇 |
1975年 | 14篇 |
1973年 | 13篇 |
1972年 | 253篇 |
1971年 | 283篇 |
1970年 | 17篇 |
1965年 | 16篇 |
1962年 | 24篇 |
1944年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
71.
72.
Function of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">rel</Emphasis> Gene in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Escherichia coli</Emphasis> 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Sokawa et al. suggest that rel- strains of Escherichia coli possess abnormal protein synthesizing machinery, which cannot carry out normal protein synthesis when the supply of amino-acids is limited. 相似文献
73.
AVRAM HERSHKO PIERRE MAMONT ROBERT SHIELDS GORDON M. TOMKINS 《Nature: New biology》1971,232(33):206-211
A hypothesis has been developed to relate stringent control in bacteria to a set of interactions involved in the regulation of growth of transformed and untransformed mammalian cells. 相似文献
74.
Kimball and Wilson1 reported that the arabinose analogue of cytidine (ara-C) inhibited DNA polymerase in a crude extract prepared from Ehrlich ascites cells. Furth and Cohen2 observed cytosine arabinoside triphosphate (ara-CTP) inhibited DNA polymerase in extracts from either calf thymus or bovine lymphosarcoma tissue, although these investigators3 had already found no effect of ara-CTP on DNA polymerase from Escherichia coli. The inhibition in both of these cases could be substantially reversed by dCTP; but incorporation of the arabinose nucleotide (ara-CMP) into DNA could not be unequivocally demonstrated. Graham and Whitmore4 reported the incorporation of ara-C into DNA in vivo and the inhibition of a DNA polymerase from L cells by ara-CTP. They found that ara-CMP was initially incorporated into small DNA strands but subsequently appeared in long strands. Momparler5 has presented evidence that, in vitro, ara-C incorporation was limited to the 3′-hydroxyl end of DNA chains. Such incorporation might be expected to block further chain elongation but this expectation was not supported by the evidence presented by Graham and Whitmore. 相似文献
75.
ALINA TAYLOR 《Nature: New biology》1971,234(48):144-145
JACOB and Fuerst1,2 demonstrated the presence of a bacteriolytic enzyme (λ-endolysin) in the induced cultures of lysogenic Escherichia coli K12 (λ). The enzyme was later identified as the product of gene R; of phage λ3 which is involved in bacterial lysis at the end of a latent period. The enzyme is apt to form spheroplast-like structures in E. coli2 and one would therefore expect its substrate to be murein. 相似文献
76.
77.
Photodynamic and non-photodynamic action of several porphyrins on the activity of some heme-enzymes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S G Afonso S Chinarro J J Mu?oz R E de Salamanca A M Batlle 《Journal of enzyme inhibition》1990,3(4):303-310
The action of porphyrins, uroporphyrin I and III (URO I and URO III), pentacarboxylic porphyrin I (PENTA I), coproporphyrin I and III (COPRO I and COPRO III), protoporphyrin IX (PROTO IX) and mesoporphyrin (MESO), on the activity of human erythrocytes delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, porphobilinogenase, deaminase and uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase in the dark and under UV light was investigated. Both photoinactivation and light-independent inactivation was found in all four enzymes using URO I as sensitizer. URO III had a similar action as URO I on porphobilinogenase and deaminase and PROTO IX exerted equal effect as URO I on delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase and uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase. Photodynamic efficiency of the porphyrins was dependent on their molecular structure. Selective photodecomposition of enzymes by URO I, greater specificity of tumor uptake by URO I and enhanced porphyrin synthesis by tumors from delta-aminolevulic acid, with predominant formation of URO I, underline the possibility of using URO I in detection of malignant cells and photodynamic therapy. 相似文献
78.
The correlation between pollen/ovule (P/O) ratio and breeding system has generally been accounted for either on the basis that P/O reflects pollination efficiency, or in terms of the sex allocation theory. The following were assessed for taxa belonging to genus Astragalus subgenus Epiglottis: 1) Degree of correlation between P/O and the breeding system, measured by means of autofertility; 2) The absence or existence of correlation between P/O and pollen grain size; and 3) The ability of various theories to account for the results obtained. Results showed a minimal correlation between P/O and autofertility, and between P/O and pollen grain size in the taxa studied. Analysis of these results in terms of the sex allocation theory enabled this correlation to be explained as a function of the variation existing between taxa with respect to the resources invested in each pollen grain and in each ovule. The predictive capacity of this theory, which has moreover proven valuable in explaining the structural peculiarities of the androecium in these taxa, was also highlighted. The type of self-pollination applicable was also discussed, as was the phenotypic model of selection of self-fertilization considered most plausible for these taxa. 相似文献
79.
The heat-resistant mold, Talaromyces flavus , was found to produce a thermophilic glucoamylase that exhibited the highest activity at 50°C and in the pH range of 4.0–4.8. The K m and V max values of the crude enzyme for amylopectin were 0.21% and 16.7 mg glucose 1-1 , min-1 , respectively. The molecular weight of the enzyme as estimated by the gel filtration method was 42 kDa. 相似文献
80.
Hydrophobic interaction chromatography of purified ATPase from Micrococcus lysodeikticus (E.C. 3.6.1.3.), a complex oligomeric protein, induces extensive conformational changes in it. In this report, we describe some physicochemical properties of the enzyme forms obtained. They can be summarized as follows. (1) The subunit stoichiometry of the enzyme is altered by the absorption and desorption process since most of the forms obtained are defective in gamma and delta subunits. An important reduction in the molar proportion of alpha subunit is also observed; (2) the fluorescence spectra of the different forms show progressive tyrosine residues which roughly correspond to the extent and strength of the interaction existing before elution of the enzyme; (3) circular dichroism measurements reveal changes of the secondary structure of the F1-ATPase undergoing an increase in alpha-helical content; (4) the ordered, active forms eluted from the hydrophobic chromatography columns are less stable than the native protein, as shown by dialysis experiments. These results while supporting the use of hydrophobic chromatography as a simplified model of membrane-membrane protein interaction, also indicate the need for caution in its application to the purification of complex membrane proteins. 相似文献