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61.
62.
5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; 3 x 10(-8)-1 x 10(-5)M) produced a dose-dependent increase in phosphatidylinositol/polyphosphoinositide (PI) turnover in mouse cortical slices, as measured by following production of 3H-labelled inositol phosphates (IPs) in the presence of 10 mM LiCl. Analysis of individual IPs, in slices stimulated for 45 min, indicated substantial increases in inositol monophosphate (IP1; 140%) and inositol bisphosphate (IP2; 95%) contents with smaller increases in inositol trisphosphate (IP3; 51%) and inositol tetrakisphosphate (IP4; 48%) contents. The increase in IP3 level was solely in the 1,3,4-isomer. This response was inhibited by the nonselective 5-HT antagonists methysergide, metergoline, and spiperone. It was also inhibited by the selective 5-HT2 antagonists ketanserin and ritanserin but not by the 5-HT1 antagonists isapirone, (-)-propranolol, or pindolol. 5-HT-stimulated IP formation was also unaltered by atropine, prazosin, and mepyramine. Lesioning brain 5-HT neurones using 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT; 50 micrograms i.c.v.) produced a 210% (p less than 0.01) increase in the number of 5-HT2-mediated head-twitches induced by 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (2 mg/kg). However, 5,7-DHT lesioning had no effect on 5-HT-stimulated PI turnover in these mice. Similarly, an electroconvulsive shock (90 V, 1 s) given five times over a 10-day period caused an 85% (p less than 0.01) increase in head-twitch responses but no change in 5-HT-stimulated PI turnover. Decreasing 5-HT2 function by twice-a-day injection of 5 mg/kg of zimeldine or desipramine (DMI) produced 50% (p less than 0.01) and 56% (p less than 0.01), respectively, reductions in head-twitch behaviour.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
63.
The existence of lectin-binding sites was investigated in the cecum of Balb-c mice at seven developmental stages ranging from 18 days post conception (p.c.) to 8 weeks after birth. Nine horseradish-peroxidase-conjugated lectins (concanavalin A, Triticum vulgaris, Dolichus biflorus, Helix pomatia, Arachis hypogaea, Glycine maximus, Lotus tetragonolobus, Ulex europaeus, Limulus polyphemus) were applied to 5- to 7-microns thin paraffin sections of Bouin-fixed tissue. After DAB staining the sections were evaluated by light microscopy. It was shown that each lectin exhibits a unique developmental pattern. The adult binding patterns were established at the age of 3-4 weeks with only minor changes occurring thereafter. Considerable differences in binding patterns occurred not only between lectins of different groups but also between lectins with the same nominal monosaccharide specificity. 相似文献
64.
Jin-Ying Cui Han Miao Li-Hong Ding Todd C. Wehner Pan-Na Liu Ye Wang Sheng-Ping Zhang Xing-Fang Gu 《PloS one》2016,11(2)
Spines or trichomes on the fruit of cucumbers enhance their commercial value in China. In addition, glabrous mutants exhibit resistance to aphids and therefore their use by growers can reduce pesticide residues. Previous studies have reported two glabrous mutant plants containing the genes, csgl1 and csgl2. In the present study, a new glabrous mutant, NCG157, was identified showing a gene interaction effect with csgl1 and csgl2. This mutant showed the glabrous character on stems, leaves, tendrils, receptacles and ovaries, and there were no spines or tumors on the fruit surface. Inheritance analysis showed that a single recessive gene, named csgl3, determined the glabrous trait. An F2 population derived from the cross of two inbred lines 9930 (a fresh market type from Northern China that exhibits trichomes) and NCG157 (an American processing type with glabrous surfaces) was used for genetic mapping of the csgl3 gene. By combining bulked segregant analysis (BAS) with molecular markers, 18 markers, including two simple sequence repeats (SSR), nine insertion deletions (InDel) and seven derived cleaved amplified polymorphism sequences (dCAPs), were identified to link to the csgl3 gene. All of the linked markers were used as anchor loci to locate the csgl3 gene on cucumber chromosome 6. The csgl3 gene was mapped between the dCAPs markers dCAPs-21 and dCAPs-19, at genetic distances of 0.05 cM and 0.15 cM, respectively. The physical distance of this region was 19.6 kb. Three markers, InDel-19, dCAPs-2 and dCAPs-11, co-segregated with csgl3. There were two candidate genes in the region, Csa6M514860 and Csa6M514870. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that the expression of Csa6M514870 was higher in the tissues of 9930 than that of NCG157, and this was consistent with their phenotypic characters. Csa6M514870 is therefore postulated to be the candidate gene for the development of trichomes in cucumber. This study will facilitate marker-assisted selection (MAS) of the smooth plant trait in cucumber breeding and provide for future cloning of csgl3. 相似文献
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66.
V L Young C A Gumucio H Lund R McMahon K Ueda L Pidgeon 《Plastic and reconstructive surgery》1992,89(1):70-6; discussion 77-8
Using the monkey model previously developed, we investigated the long-term effects of retrobulbar hematoma-induced retinal ischemia on functional vision and retinal histology. In this experimental model, ischemic periods of up to 120 minutes did not cause permanent visual deficits, as measured by flashed evoked visual potentials. Similarly, retinal histology showed no evidence of ischemic injury. From this we conclude that blindness after blepharoplasty is not due to retrobulbar hematomas alone and that additional predisposing factors are involved. The most likely additional factor is preexisting occult vascular ocular pathology. 相似文献
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69.
T. P. Young 《Oecologia》1987,71(3):436-438
Summary I report here longer thorns induced by large mammal herbivory on the tree Acacia depranolobium. I compared trees that had been browsed by domestic goats to trees protected from goat browsing. Thorns on browsed branches within the reach of goats (<125 cm above the ground) were significantly longer than thorns from higher branches on the same browsed trees, and significantly longer than branches at similar heights on unbrowsed trees. It appears that increased thorn length was an induced response to large mammal herbivory in Acacia depranolobium, both among and within individual trees. 相似文献
70.