气候和土地利用与空间结构在影响大熊猫同域分布大中型哺乳动物物种丰富度中的相对作用

气候因子和土地利用因子是影响生物多样性分布格局的两个主要驱动因素。然而,当前关于气候因子和土地利用因子对生物多样性影响的研究主要集中在物种层面上,在群落水平上对生物多样性的影响依然知之甚少。本研究以大熊猫同域分布大中型哺乳动物为研究对象,结合物种丰富度数据、气候数据、土地利用数据以及经纬度数据,构建基于不同变量组合的多元线性模型,并通过模型拟合优度比较和方差分解等方法,探讨气候因子、土地利用因子和空间结构在影响大熊猫同域分布大中型哺乳动物物种丰富度中的相对作用。结果表明:(1)四川省大熊猫分布的五大山系内的大中型哺乳动物在属数和物种数方面差异较大。其中岷山山系的属数和物种数最高,分别为25属和28种,凉山山系的属数和物种数最低,分别为19属和20种,五大山系内排名前五的优势种分别为大熊猫、羚牛、野猪、中华斑羚、中华鬣羚;(2)大熊猫同域分布大中型哺乳动物物种丰富度在空间分布上差异较大。所有10 km×10 km栅格内的物种数在1～14之间,平均值为6.199±3.475;(3)完全模型(包含所有气候变量、土地利用变量和空间结构变量的模型,CLS)的拟合优度要好于其它6类模型,且包含土地...     

基于叶绿体基因组数据的芸香科属间系统发育初步分析（专题约稿）

该研究在人工控制水分条件下,设置3个干旱胁迫处理,选用3个主栽油菜品种‘陇油10号’、‘陇油2号’、‘青杂5号’幼苗进行盆栽试验,测定干旱胁迫条件下叶片相对含水量、叶绿素含量、光合气体交换参数及叶绿素荧光参数等指标,考察各指标在干旱胁迫过程中的变化特征,并通过主成分分析(PCA)和隶属函数法评价品种的抗旱性及其主要响应因子,以揭示西北地区油菜幼苗响应干旱胁迫的光合调控机制。结果表明：(1)各品种油菜幼苗的叶片相对含水量(RWC)均随干旱胁迫程度的递增而逐渐降低,最大水分亏缺(WSD)却逐渐上升。(2)各品种油菜幼苗叶片的叶绿素a含量、叶绿素总含量随着干旱胁迫程度的递增而先增加后递减,且同一种幼苗在不同处理间差异显著。(3)各品种油菜幼苗叶片的净光合速率(P_n)、水分利用效率(WUE)、单株生物量、气孔导度(G_s)、胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)均在受到干旱胁迫时迅速降低,且同一品种幼苗在不同处理间差异显著,而其叶片蒸腾速率(T_r)在干旱胁迫下无显著变化。(4)各品种油菜幼苗叶片光化学猝灭系数(qP)和非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)随着干旱胁迫程度的递增先增加后递减,最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)和电子传递速率(ETR)在受到干旱胁迫时迅速降低,且同一品种幼苗在不同处理间差异显著。(5)主成分分析结果表明,在油菜幼苗受到干旱胁迫时RWC、C_i、G_s、P_n、WUE、叶绿素总含量、叶绿素a含量和NPQ起主要调控作用;隶属函数法综合评价表明,3个品种油菜幼苗耐旱能力由高到低依次为‘陇油10号’＞‘陇油2号’＞‘青杂5号’。     

ESM-1 regulates cell growth and metastatic process through activation of NF-κB in colorectal cancer

In our previous study, we reported that endothelial cell specific molecule-1 (ESM-1) was increased in tissue and serum from colorectal cancer patients and suggested that ESM-1 can be used as a potential serum marker for early detection of colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of ESM-1 as an intracellular molecule in colorectal cancer. ESM-1 expression was knocked down by small interfering RNA (siRNA) in colorectal cancer cells. Expression of ESM-1 siRNA decreased cell survival through the Akt-dependent inhibition of NF-κB/IκB pathway and an interconnected reduction in phospho-Akt, -p38, -ERK1, -RSK1, -GSK-3α/β and -HSP27, as determined by a phospho-MAPK array. ESM-1 silencing induced G(1) phase cell cycle arrest by induction of PTEN, resulting in the inhibition of cyclin D1 and inhibited cell migration and invasion of COLO205 cells. Consistently, ESM-1 overexpression in HCT-116 cells enhanced cell proliferation through the Akt-dependent activation of NF-κB pathway. In addition, ESM-1 interacted with NF-κB and activated NF-κB promoter. This study demonstrates that ESM-1 is involved in cell survival, cell cycle progression, migration, invasion and EMT during tumor invasion in colorectal cancer. Based on our results, ESM-1 may be a useful therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.     

药用寄生植物菟丝子属,列当属和无根藤属氨基酸的分析

本文测定了菟丝子属、列当属和无根藤属某些种的种子和植株氨基酸的种类组成和含量。结果表明,3个属种子和植株氨基酸均在15种以上,且含量丰富,特别是必需氨基酸的含量较高。文中讨论了氨基酸的药用和在种子鉴定与化学分类上的作用,探讨了开发应用的前景。     

lncRNA NEAT1 facilitates melanoma cell proliferation,migration, and invasion via regulating miR-495-3p and E2F3

Melanoma contributes a lot to skin cancer-related deaths. lncRNAs are implicated in various diseases, including melanoma. lncRNA NEAT1 is frequently dysregulated and can play important roles in multiple cancers. Nevertheless, little has been studied about the function of NEAT1 in melanoma progression. In our present research, we displayed NEAT1 was overexpressed in melanoma cells. A series of functional assays showed that overexpression of NEAT1 promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma cells. By contrast, NEAT1 knockdown obviously restrained melanoma cell progression. Mechanistically, it was revealed that NEAT1 could directly bind with miR-495-3p, which led to a negative effect on miR-495-3p levels. In addition, miR-495-3p was significantly decreased in melanoma cells. Furthermore, E2F3 was postulated as the target of miR-495-3p and overexpression of this miR could suppress the levels of E2F3. Meanwhile, it was exhibited that melanoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion induced by E2F3 silence was abrogated by miR-495-3p. Moreover, an in vivo xenograft nude mice model was established using A375 cells and it was indicated that NEAT1 promoted melanoma progression in vivo via regulating the miR-495-3p/E2F3 axis. In conclusion, we suggest that NEAT1 exerts an oncogenic effect on melanoma development via inhibition of miR-495-3p and induction of E2F3. NEAT1 might serve as a crucial prognostic biomarker of melanoma.     

The enhanced effect of supplemented lighting on nutrient removal by an aquatic vegetables (lettuce) purification system from rural domestic sewage

Abstract

Aquatic plant treatment system (APTS) is a widely used sewage purification technique; however, it requires a large area of land due to its long hydraulic retention time. In order to improve the economic value of APTS in the treatment of rural sewage, an aquatic vegetables (lettuce) purification system strengthened with a set of supplemented lighting was evaluated. The effect of supplemented lighting of blue and red light on lettuce growth and sewage purification was studied by batch experiments. The results showed that the lettuce growth and the removal rates of pollutants were enhanced by supplemented lighting, of which red light is superior to blue light, and the increase of red light intensity further promoted the growth of lettuce and the removal rate of pollutants. Supplementary light is a suitable method which could improve the purification effect of APTS in most weather conditions especially in countries where day-night light patterns change substantially between winter and summer. The results would be useful for the APTS design for treating rural domestic sewage.     

西方蜜蜂磁受体基因AmMagR的克隆及表达分析

本研究旨在克隆西方蜜蜂Apis mellifera磁受体基因AmMagR的序列,并分析该基因在工蜂不同日龄、不同组织中的表达特征,以期为该基因的功能研究提供理论基础。以西方蜜蜂工蜂为材料,提取其总RNA,通过RT-PCR技术克隆西方蜜蜂MagR基因的序列;利用多种生物信息学软件对其核酸及氨基酸序列分析;采用实时荧光定量PCR技术(qPCR)分析在西方蜜蜂工蜂不同日龄(1日龄、5日龄和21日龄)和不同组织(头部、胸部和腹部)中MagR基因的相对表达量。克隆到西方蜜蜂MagR基因,并命名为AmMagR(GenBank登录号:MH635411),其序列长度为748 bp,编码区长390 bp,编码130个氨基酸,其蛋白质分子量为14.142 kDa,理论等电点为9.06,无信号肽,无跨膜结构,且在第24～126位氨基酸之间得到一个结构域Fe-S_biosyn。系统发育树显示,西方蜜蜂AmMagR与小蜜蜂Apis florae AfIscA(IscA别称MagR)、中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana AcIscA基因聚成一支。荧光定量PCR结果表明,AmMagR基因在西方蜜蜂不同日龄的工蜂头部、胸部和腹部均有表达。5日龄工蜂的相对表达量最高,5日龄工蜂头部和胸部的AmMagR基因表达量显著高于1日龄(P0.05)和21日龄(P0.05),腹部AmMagR基因表达量显著高于21日龄(P0.05),但与1日龄的比较差异不显著(P0.05)。1日龄、5日龄和21日龄工蜂胸部的AmMagR基因表达量均显著高于头部和腹部(P0.05);1日龄工蜂头部AmMagR基因表达量均高于腹部(P0.05),但5日龄和21日龄工蜂AmMagR基因在头部与腹部的表达量无显著差异(P0.05)。明确了该基因在西方蜜蜂工蜂不同日龄和不同组织中的表达模式,并推测AmMagR可能参与了西方蜜蜂的定位、归巢过程。     

Structural determinants for pyrabactin recognition in ABA receptors in Oryza sativa

Plant Molecular Biology - We determined the structure of OsPYL/RCAR3:OsPP2C50 complex with pyrabactin. Our results suggest that a less-conserved phenylalanine of OsPYL/RCAR subfamily I is...