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排序方式: 共有392条查询结果,搜索用时 33 毫秒
91.
92.
Antioxidant defense responses: physiological plasticity in higher plants under abiotic constraints 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Cheruth Abdul Jaleel Ksouri Riadh Ragupathi Gopi Paramasivam Manivannan Jallali Inès Hameed Jasim Al-Juburi Zhao Chang-Xing Shao Hong-Bo Rajaram Panneerselvam 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2009,31(3):427-436
Environmental stresses (salinity, drought, heat/cold, light and other hostile conditions) may trigger in plants oxidative
stress, generating the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These species are partially reduced or activated derivatives
of oxygen, comprising both free radical and non-radical (H2O2) forms, leading to cellular damage, metabolic disorders and senescence processes. In order to overcome oxidative stress,
plants have developed two main antioxidants defense mechanisms that can be classified as non-enzymatic and enzymatic systems.
The first class (non-enzymatic) consists of small molecules such as vitamin (A, C and E), glutathione, carotenoids and phenolics
that can react directly with the ROS by scavenging them. Second class is represented by enzymes among them superoxide dismutase,
peroxidase and catalase which have the capacity to eliminate superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. In this review, we have tried
to explore the related works, which have revealed the changes in the basic antioxidant metabolism of plants under various
abiotic constraints. 相似文献
93.
Mohamed Nageeb Rashed Mahasen Mohamed Ahmed Ahmed Farouk Al-Hossainy Safaa Mahmoud Abd 《Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology》2010,24(2):138-145
The relationships between chronic liver diseases and trace heavy metal contents in blood are debatable and have not been understood clearly. The present study is undertaken to determine Co, Fe, and Ni concentrations in sera from viral hepatitis patients. In all eighty patients with chronic hepatitis (B, C) and 29 healthy individuals were chosen for this study. Donors were selected from different environmental areas, including Aswan, Kom Ombo, and Edfu as polluted areas, and Daraw as an unpolluted area. Co, Fe, and Ni concentrations in patient and healthy blood serum were measured by two different analytical techniques: differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry (DPAdSV) and atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The results reveal that Fe is present in higher level in the blood serum of hepatitis patients than in the healthy control, whereas Co and Ni showed the opposite trend. Hepatitis patients from Edfu area exhibited higher Fe level in their serum than those from the other areas, while hepatitis patients and healthy control from Daraw area (free from pollution) exhibited the lowest metal values. Patients with hepatitis C show lower levels of Co, Ni, and Fe in their serum than those with hepatitis B. A comparative study was carried out between the results using DPAdSV and AAS techniques, which are in very good agreements. 相似文献
94.
Umesh U Tamhane Stanley Chetcuti Irfan Hameed P Michael Grossman Mauro Moscucci Hitinder S Gurm 《BMC cardiovascular disorders》2010,10(1):1-17
Background
Clinical trials comparing thrombectomy devices with conventional percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have produced conflicting results. The objective of our study was to systematically evaluate currently available data comparing thrombectomy followed by PCI with conventional PCI alone in patients with acute STEMI.Methods
Seventeen randomized trials (n = 3,909 patients) of thrombectomy versus PCI were included in this meta-analysis. We calculated the summary odds ratios for mortality, stroke, post procedural myocardial blush grade (MBG), thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) grade flow, and post procedural ST segment resolution (STR) using random-effects and fixed-effects models.Results
There was no difference in risk of 30-day mortality (44/1914 vs. 50/1907, OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.54-1.29, P = 0.42) among patients randomized to thrombectomy, compared with conventional PCI. Thrombectomy was associated with a significantly greater likelihood of TIMI 3 flow (1616/1826 vs. 1533/1806, OR 1.41, P = 0.007), MBG 3 (730/1526 vs. 486/1513, OR 2.42, P < 0.001), STR (923/1500 vs. 715/1494, OR 2.30, P < 0.001), and with a higher risk of stroke (14/1403 vs. 3/1413, OR 2.88, 95% CI 1.06-7.85, P = 0.04). Outcomes differed significantly between different device classes with a trend towards lower mortality with manual aspiration thrombectomy (MAT) (21/949 vs.36/953, OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.35-1.01, P = 0.05), whereas mechanical devices showed a trend towards higher mortality (20/416 vs.10/418, OR 2.07, 95% CI 0.95-4.48, P = 0.07).Conclusions
Thrombectomy devices appear to improve markers of myocardial perfusion in patients undergoing primary PCI, with no difference in overall 30-day mortality but an increased likelihood of stroke. The clinical benefits of thrombectomy appear to be influenced by the device type with a trend towards survival benefit with MAT and worsening outcome with mechanical devices. 相似文献95.
El Ashry el SH Abdel-Rahman A Rashed N Awad LF Rasheed HA 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2006,25(3):299-305
Nucleophilic displacement of the tosyloxy group in 7-(2-hydroxy-3-p-toluenesulfonyloxypropyl)theophylline (1) with azide anion afforded 7-(3-azido-2-hydroxypropyl)theophylline (2). Reduction of the 3-azido group in 2 with Ph3P/Py/NH4OH afforded the 3-amino derivative 4, alternatively obtained by regioselective amination of 7-(2,3-epoxypropyl)theophylline (3). Selective acetylation of 4 gave the N-acetyl derivative 5. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of the azide group in 2 with N1-propargyl thymine (6) afforded the regioisomeric triazole 7. 相似文献
96.
Trichomanes vamana, a new species of filmy fern from South India is described and illustrated. Key to South Indian species of Trichomanes subg. Didymoglossum sect. Microgonium and affinities of this taxon with T.mindorense are discussed 相似文献
97.
This study, carried out in Shatt Al-Arab river near Basrah, Iraq, reports a close negative (inverse) relation between phytoplankton numbers and decomposing fungi belonging to the family Saprolegniaceae (Oomycetes). This relation seems to depend on substrate relationship and antagonism. In addition the role of other physico-chemical factors, pH, temperature and salinity has been discussed. 相似文献
98.
El Sayed H. El Ashry Mohamed M. Abdel Rahman Nagwa Rashed Adel Amier 《Carbohydrate research》1978,67(2):423-432
Condensation of 3-(d-erythro -2,3,4-trihydroxy-l-oxobutyl)-2-quinoxalinone and its 6-chloro derivative (obtained by the reaction of d-erythro-2,3-hexodiulosono-1,4-lactone with ortho-diamines) with aryl- or aroyl-hydrazines gave 3-[l-(phenylhydrazono)-d-erythro-2,3,4-trihydroxybutyl]-2-quinoxalinone (5) and relatives. Whereas boiling acetic anhydride causes the loss of two molecules of water per molecule of such hydrazones, affording, the 3-[5-(acetoxymethyl)-l-arylpyrazol-3-yl]-2-quinoxalinones, identical with those obtained from the l-threo isomer, alkali causes the loss of only one molecule, affording, the corresponding flavazoles. Periodate oxidation of 5 gave 3-[l-(phenylhydrazono)glyoxal-l-yl]-2-quinoxalinone, which afforded the corresponding mixed bis(hydrazones). A similar sequence of reactions was conducted with the aryl analogs, 4-phenyl-2,3-dioxobutano-1,4-lactone and its p-chlorophenyl derivative, whereby the 3-[2-aryl-l-(arylhydrazono)-2-hydroxyethyl]2-quinoxalinones, were prepared; these were transformed into 3-(α-hydroxybenzyl)-flavazoles that gave monoacetyl derivatives. 相似文献
99.
Mohamed M. Abdel Rahman El Sayed H. El Ashry Abdallah A. Abdallah Nagwa Rashed 《Carbohydrate research》1979,73(1):103-111
The (phenylacetyl)hydrazones of d-galactose, d-glucose, d-mannose, d-arabinose, l-arabinose, d-xylose, and l-sorbose were prepared. The d-galactose and d-arabinose derivatives were converted into their per-O-acetylated derivatives (8 and 9, respectively). The acyclic structure of 8 was proved from its direct preparation by the condensation of(phenylacetyl)hydrazine with penta-O-acetyl-aldehydo-d-galactose. Cyclization of 2,3,4,5,6-penta-O-acetyl-aldehydo-d-galactose (phenylacetyl)hydrazone with boiling acetic anhydride yielded a mixture of two products that could be separated by fractional recrystallization, to give 3-acetyl-5-benzyl-2-(polyacetoxy)alkyl-1,3,4-oxadiazolines; a mechanism for the reaction was proposed. The n.m.r. and mass spectra of some of these derivatives were discussed. 相似文献
100.
Randa A Zarban Umar F Shahul Hameed Muhammad Jamil Tsuyoshi Ota Jian You Wang Stefan T Arold Tadao Asami Salim Al-Babili 《Plant physiology》2022,188(2):1369
The obligate hemiparasitic weed Striga hermonthica grows on cereal roots and presents a severe threat to global food security by causing enormous yield losses, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. The rapidly increasing Striga seed bank in infested soils provides a major obstacle in controlling this weed. Striga seeds require host-derived strigolactones (SLs) for germination, and corresponding antagonists could be used as germination inhibitors. Recently, we demonstrated that the common detergent Triton X-100 is a specific inhibitor of Striga seed germination by binding noncovalently to its receptor, S. hermonthica HYPO-SENSITIVE TO LIGHT 7 (ShHTL7), without blocking the rice (Oryza sativa) SL receptor DWARF14 (OsD14). Moreover, triazole ureas, the potent covalently binding antagonists of rice SL perception with much higher activity toward OsD14, showed inhibition of Striga but were less specific. Considering that Triton X-100 is not suitable for field application and by combining structural elements of Triton and triazole urea, we developed two hybrid compounds, KK023-N1 and KK023-N2, as potential Striga-specific germination inhibitors. Both compounds blocked the hydrolysis activity of ShHTL7 but did not affect that of OsD14. Binding of KK023-N1 diminished ShHTL7 interaction with S. hermonthica MORE AXILLARY BRANCHING 2, a major component in SL signal transduction, and increased ShHTL7 thermal specificity. Docking studies indicate that KK023-N1 binding is not covalent but is caused by hydrophobic interactions. Finally, in vitro and greenhouse tests revealed specific inhibition of Striga seed germination, which led to a 38% reduction in Striga infestation in pot experiments. These findings reveal that KK023-N1 is a potential candidate for combating Striga and a promising basis for rational design and development of further Striga-specific herbicides.Designed strigolactone antagonists inhibit Striga seed germination. 相似文献